LVL Beam Sizes: Dimensions, Span Tables, and Selection Factors
Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beam sizing combines material properties, span geometry, and load types to determine suitable member depths and configurations for buildings. This overview describes what LVL is, typical product dimensions, how load types interact with span tables, relevant code and manufacturer references, a workflow for preliminary sizing, and practical installation and bearing considerations.
What LVL is and where it’s used
LVL is an engineered wood product made from thin wood veneers bonded in parallel to form long, uniform members with predictable strength and stiffness. Designers and builders commonly use LVL for headers, beams, rim boards, and long-span joists where consistent dimensional stability is required. LVL is sold in nominal depths (height) and standard thicknesses; multiple plies can be laminated to create deeper or wider sections.
Common beam dimensions and available depths
Manufacturers typically offer LVL in a handful of standard depths and a narrow set of thicknesses. Typical nominal depths include 9 1/2 inches, 11 7/8 inches, 14 inches, 16 inches, 18 inches, 20 inches, and 24 inches, with a common single-ply thickness around 1 3/4 inches. Multiple plies can be stacked to achieve greater thickness or composite sections for higher bending capacity.
| Nominal depth (in) | Typical thickness (in) | Common application | Indicative residential span range (ft) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9 1/2 | 1 3/4 | Short-span headers, rim boards | 6–12 |
| 11 7/8 | 1 3/4 | Single-story beams, long headers | 10–16 |
| 14 | 1 3/4 | Intermediate-span beams | 12–20 |
| 16–24 | 1 3/4 | Long-span beams, multi-story support | 16–30+ |
How load types affect LVL selection and span tables
Load type is a primary determinant of beam size. Live loads, dead loads, concentrated loads (point loads), and lateral loads each influence bending moment, shear, and deflection calculations differently. Manufacturers supply span tables keyed to typical residential load cases—often uniform floor loads or roof loads—so a given LVL depth will have different allowable spans depending on whether it supports only roof loads or carries floor and roof combined.
Code references and manufacturer specifications to consult
Designers rely on a combination of building codes, wood design standards, and manufacturer data when evaluating LVL options. Typical references include the International Building Code for applicability and required load combinations, ASCE 7 for minimum design loads, and the National Design Specification (NDS) for wood construction for connection and allowable stress design practices. Manufacturer technical guides and published span tables provide product-specific allowable bending and shear values, and they often include deflection limits and recommendations for bearing and fastening.
Preliminary selection workflow for LVL beam sizing
Start a preliminary sizing process by collecting key project parameters: span length, tributary width, live and dead load assumptions, number and location of point loads, and any bearing or continuity conditions. Next, select candidate LVL depths based on available product lines and check manufacturer span tables for matching load conditions. Then review deflection limits and serviceability concerns, since some LVL sizes can meet strength but not deflection criteria for sensitive finishes. Finally, consider stacking or sistering members if profile or load capacity adjustments are needed.
Installation, bearing, and connection considerations
Bearing length and support details affect usable capacity more than raw section modulus in many practical jobs. LVL requires adequate bearing on supports—many manufacturers specify minimum bearing lengths and recommend blocking or plates under concentrated loads. Fastening patterns, hanger types, and the method of pairing or laminating plies also change effective stiffness and load sharing. Field conditions such as member camber, cutting/drilling limitations, and moisture exposure should be coordinated with manufacturer instructions and local code requirements.
Trade-offs, constraints, and accessibility considerations
Choosing an LVL involves trade-offs between depth, cost, handling, and site accessibility. Deeper LVL members increase bending capacity but also raise floor heights, complicate stairs and headroom. Thicker or multi-ply sections can be heavier and harder to maneuver on site, which affects installation labor and equipment needs. Availability varies by region and supplier; long or nonstandard depths may require lead time. Accessibility for transportation, on-site lifting, and connection detailing should be evaluated early so that the selected LVL is practical to deliver and install in the intended space.
Where to find LVL beam prices and supply options
How to read LVL beam span tables for comparison
Which LVL beam suppliers publish manufacturer data
Key takeaways and next verification steps
LVL sizing is a balance of material properties, span, and load conditions informed by code and manufacturer data. Typical product depths and thicknesses provide a starting point, but span tables must be read against the exact load case and deflection criteria for a specific project. For final design, confirm load combinations, check local code amendments, and obtain manufacturer span tables and allowable stresses. Licensed-professional calculations and stamp approval are the appropriate next steps for any final beam selection.
This text was generated using a large language model, and select text has been reviewed and moderated for purposes such as readability.
