What Are the Four Types of Consumers in Ecology?

Herbivores are primary consumers in the ecosystem, such as elephants or giraffes. Carnivores are tertiary, or secondary, consumers, such as tigers or lions. Omnivores are animals that feed on both plants and animals. Humans are a good example of omnivores.

Decomposers break down plant and animal remains. These consumers turn the remains into organic material that returns to the soil. Bacteria, fungi, small arthropods and earthworms are all types of decomposers.