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en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number

A complex number is a number that can be expressed in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers, and i is a solution of the equation x 2 = −1.Because no real number satisfies this equation, i is called an imaginary number.For the complex number a + bi, a is called the real part, and b is called the imaginary part.Despite the historical nomenclature "imaginary", complex numbers are ...

rossroessler.tripod.com

For school, I had to do a paper on the History of i (and the history of complex numbers in general).Finding this a tedious task, and scrolling through many useless sights, I wished that there were just one sight that had everything I needed on it.

www.quora.com/Who-discovered-complex-numbers

Who discovered complex numbers? Cardano wrote about them, but only as formal solutions to equations. He regarded such solutions as meaninless. Bombelli was the first to write out the rules for operating with complex numbers and make use of them.

www.reference.com/math/invented-imaginary-numbers-c4bf1083953069d3

Who Invented Imaginary Numbers? Greek mathematician Heron of Alexandria is credited with having first conceived of imaginary numbers about the time of Christ, but it was Rafael Bombelli who first described the rules for the use of complex numbers in the late 16th century.

www.math.uri.edu/~merino/spring06/mth562/ShortHistoryComplexNumbers2006.pdf

A Short History of Complex Numbers Orlando Merino University of Rhode Island January, 2006 Abstract This is a compilation of historical information from various sources, about the number i = √ −1. The information has been put together for students of Complex Analysis who

math.stackexchange.com/questions/534474/discovery-of-complex-numbers

Discovery of complex numbers. Ask Question 6. 1 ... While this is seemingly meaningless it was discovered that if one performs formal manipulations with the $\sqrt{-121}$ as if it were an ordinary number one can boil down the above expression to $4$ which is an actual soution of the above equation.

But the Real numbers are only a proper subset of the set of Complex numbers, and the Complex numbers are a proper subset of Quaternions.It is a bit like the Russian Babushka dolls with one doll ...

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number

The complex numbers consist of all numbers of the form + where a and b are real numbers. Because of this, complex numbers correspond to points on the complex plane, a vector space of two real dimensions. In the expression a + bi, the real number a is called the real part and b is called the imaginary part.

www.cut-the-knot.org/arithmetic/algebra/HistoricalRemarks.shtml

Remarks on the History of Complex Numbers. The study of numbers comes usually in succession. Children start with the counting numbers. Move to the negative integers and fractions. Dig into the decimal fractions and sometimes continue to the real numbers. The complex numbers come last, if at all. Every expansion of the notion of numbers has a valid practical explanation

www.math.toronto.edu/mathnet/questionCorner/complexorigin.html

Complex numbers were being used by mathematicians long before they were first properly defined, so it's difficult to trace the exact origin. The first reference that I know of (but there may be earlier ones) is by Cardan in 1545, in the course of investigating roots of polynomials.

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