What Is the Scientific Name for Sand?

The most common minerals that make up sand are silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate. Silicon dioxide is mostly formed from quartz particles, which are abundant in land masses and are generally brought to the sea shore by rivers. In tropical places, silicon dioxide is more rare, and the sand there is mostly composed of calcium carbonate that is the result of decomposed living organisms. Tropical islands also may have black sand that comes from eroded volcanic glass.