Descriptive research refers to methods used in exploring a query or subject where the methods measure results instead of trying to predict outcomes or actions or determine cause and effect. Some types of descriptive research methods include surveys, analyses, case studies, observation and review of published reports or results. Most commonly, descriptive research applies to studies or reviews of
. statistical patterns and results among an identified group of study subjects.Ideally, when conducting descriptive research, defining a few basic parameters determine the appropriate research method. Parameters include:
The overall objective of the research, including the question at hand.Identification of the sample group including any defining attributes such as gender or age.The duration of the study.Anticipated methods of data collection and analysis.Numerous fields of study use descriptive research, predominantly areas such as psychology or sociology along with others reliant upon behaviors and interactions or how individuals make decisions. In addition, scientific fields focused on changes over time use descriptive research methods to identify factors such as rate of change or trends over a period of time.Reviewing data collected through descriptive research varies from organizing and analyzing quantitative data where common data elements factor into the analysis to more subjective analysis may attempt to identify patterns of behavior based on measurable data points. Visual representations such as graphs and charts frequently accompany quantitative data while summaries or descriptions accompany qualitative data.Common trends or elements identified as a result of descriptive research include measurements such as averages, means and variations from the mean as well as correlations between variables. The level of detail varies according to the subject of the research and can include a single variable or data element or a grouping of numerous variables and elements.Regardless of the study subject, descriptive research provides repeatable and definable methods of gathering data. With application in both academic and practical fields, descriptive research helps identify root causes of changes, trends and behaviors.More reference links: http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2011/09/27/the-3-basic-types-of-descriptive-research-methods/ http://www.aect.org/edtech/ed1/41/41-01.html 