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? Bu yaz?n?n fikir haklar? Surmene Kaymakam? Eyup Sabri Kartal'a ait olup Kaynak gosterilmeden al?nt?lanamaz. ? Urumeli tabiri malumdur ki Rumeli icin kullan?l?r. ? Urumeli veya Rumeli neden denir? ? Malum bizim oranan?n agalar? Rumeli diyemez. Urumeli derler. Iramazan gibi. Bu turkce dil kaidelerine tam mutabakattan boyledir. ? Peki biz Urumeli veya Rumeli derken ; ? Neden Yunanl?lar, Bulgarlar, S?rplar,??Ruslar hatta Avrupa dahil tum dunya Urumeli veya Rumeli demezler? ? Oncelikle Osmanl? oncesi Urumelimizde Turklerin varl?g? bizans kay?tlar? dahil her yerde bulunabilir. ? Balkan kelimesinin etimolojisinin oz turkce oldugu malumdur. ? Cunku bizim bir k?sm?m?z? Malazgirt savas?yla f?Anadolu ethedilmeden oncede oralardayd?k. ? Hatta Uzlar(Oguzlar) ta 750 li y?llarda Vardar k?y?lar?nda idi, Uzlar , Pecenekler, Kumanlar(K?r?m bolgesinde idiler)?bizans ordusunda savas?rd?. ? Ta ki Malazgirt? Harbine kadar. ? Savasta Uzlar pecenekler Alparslan?n saf?na gecti. ? Neden Alparslan?n saf?na gectiler. ? Cunku bakt?lar ki Bizansl?lar?n savast?rd?klar? Turkce konusur, onlarda?toptan ?Turk ordular?n?n saflar?na gectiler. Klasik bizans oyunu boyledir iste.Turku turke vurdurur. ? Evet , Eger Urumeliler olmasayd??Anadolu? asla Turk ve musluman olamazd?. ? ? Simdi Urum ve Rum kavram?n?n turevlerini izleyelim.? ? Acaba Urum rum demek mi? Rum bizans demek mi? Yoksa rum yunan (ionian) demek mi? ? Bence rum laf? cok eski. ? Hatta ilber Ortayl? der ki Osmanl? padisahlar? kendilerini rum padisah? olarak gorurlerdi. ? ? UrumciVikipedi, ozgur ansiklopedi
Basl?k yaz?s? [degistir]  Urumci (Uygurca: ??????? (Urumci), Cin'in kuzeydogusunda Sincan Uygur Ozerk Bolgesi'nin baskenti olan 5 milyon nufuslu bir sehirdir. 10.989 km?'lik bir alan kaplar. Sehrin ad? 1954'e kadar Dihua`yd?. Bu tarihten sonra ismi Urimci ve gunumuzde de Wurimci olarak degistirlmistir. Cin in bat?ya ac?lan en onemli guzergahlar?ndand?r. Demiryolu tas?mac?l?g?nda onemli bir gecittir. 174,53 kisi/km?.
 Etnik Birikimler (2007) [degistir]Yuzy?llardan bu yana musluman- Turk nufusun bask?n olarak yasad?g? Urumci, son yuzy?lda Cin'in bask?lar? ve nufus mubadele cabalar? ile musluman- Turk nufusun azalmas? ile kars? kars?yad?r. 1959 y?l? oncesinde 40 milyon olan Turk nufus, 1959 y?l? sonras?, bask?lar ve dogum kontrolleri ile 20 milyon kisiye dusurulmustur. Bu sonuc, 1959'dan gunumuze dogal olarak 70 milyon olmas? gereken nufusunun 20 milyona dusmesi; Turk nufus uzerinde soyk?r?m uygulad?g?n?n ac?kca bir kan?t?d?r. Bolgedeki Turkler eger devlet dairelerinde cal?s?yorlarsa; Camii'ye gitmeleri yasakt?r. Benzer sekilde; devlet dairelerinde cal?san Turk nufusa ucretsiz olarak koliler icerisinde bira veyahut sarap yard?m? yap?larak, insanlar?n dini inanclar?ndan ve yasam tarz?ndan odun vermeleri saglanmaya cal?s?lmaktad?r. Urumci deki etnik birikimler asag?daki gibidir;
Hava [degistir]Urumci`de yazlar s?cak ve kuru,k?slar ise cok yagmurludur. Yaz: 24 ?C K?s: -16 ?C Y?l`da 273 mm yagmur yagar. Yol Imkanlar? [degistir]Urumci`nin 17 km kuzeybat?s?nda havaalan? vard?r (Urumqi International Airport/Urc). Sehrin Cin'e Tren baglant?lar? var. Urumci`nin 3 tane Otogar? vard?r: Northern Suburb Passenger Transport Station, Southern Suburb Passenger Transport Station,Nianzigou Passenger Transport Station. Tarih [degistir]Urumci`den Ipek Yolu gecmistir. Ilk Turk medeniyetlerinin yasad?g? bir sehir olan Urumci, gecmisten gunumuze cok koklu bir tarih tas?maktad?r. Ozellikle Urumci'den cok fazla dusunur ve evliya c?km?st?r. BU dusunurlerin muellif eserleri gunumuzde cevirileri ile halen okunmaktad?r. Urumci de yasayan halk?n buyuk cogunlugu gecmisten bu yana devam eden Turk- musluman nufusun devam?d?r. "http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urum%C3%A7i"'dan al?nd? Sayfa kategorileri: Cin yerlesim yerleri taslaklar? | Cin Halk Cumhuriyeti yerlesim yerleri taslaklar? | Cin'deki sehirler | Dogu Turkistan | Ipek Yolu ? UrumqiFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search For other uses, see Urumqi County.
Urumchi or Urumqi (English IPA: [u??ru?mt?i]; Uyghur: ???????u200e, Urumchi, {{{3}}}; simplified Chinese: ????; traditional Chinese: ????; pinyin: Wulumuqi), with a population of about 2.6 million, is the capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, in the northwest of the country. It is farther away from sea than any other large city in the world.
[edit] History of the city  Two thousand years ago Urumqi was an important town on the northern route of the Silk Road, a vast network of trade routes that also facilitated cultural exchanges throughout Eurasia. During the 22nd year of Emperor Zhenguan's reign in the Tang Dynasty, 648 A.D., the Tang government set up the town of Luntai in the ancient town seat of Urabo, 10 kilometers from the southern suburb of present-day Urumqi. The Ancient Luntai Town was a seat of local government, and collected taxes from the caravans along the northern route of the Silk Road. During the Qing Dynasty (1763 A.D.) Emperor Qianlong named the expanded town of Luntai "Dihua" (pinyin: Dihua; Manchu: Wen de dahabure fu), meaning "to enlighten." In 1884, Emperor Guang Xu established Xinjiang as a Province, with Di Hua as its capital. Following the founding of the People's Republic of China, on February 1, 1954, the city was renamed Urumqi, meaning " beautiful pasture" in the Mongolian language of the Junggar tribe. Urumqi has one county and seven districts (Urumqi county, Tianshan District, Sharyibark District, Toutunhe District, Shuimogou District, Xinshi District, Dongshan District, and Nanshan Mine District) under its jurisdiction. [edit] GeographyLocated in a green oasis between the lofty ice-capped Bogda Peak, the vast Salt Lake in the east, the rolling pine-covered Southern hill and the alternating fields and sand dunes of Zunggar Basin in the northwest, Urumqi has an average elevation of 800 meters. The largest city in the western half of China, Urumqi has won a place in the Guinness Book of Records as the most remote city from any sea in the world at a distance of about 1,400 miles (2500 km) from the nearest coastline (Urumqi being the city closest to the Eurasian Pole of Inaccessibility). The city has an area of 10,989 km?. [edit] ClimateIn Urumqi a continental steppe climate with hot and dry summers prevails with average temperatures in July at 24?C (75?F) as well as damp and cold winters with average temperatures in January at -16?C (3?F). The annual average temperature amounts to 5.4?C (41.7?F), and the yearly precipitation is about 273 mm. [edit] Demographics According to the 2000 census, Urumqi has 2,081,834 inhabitants with a population density of 174.53 inhabitants/km?. Of these, 75.3% are Han Chinese, 12.8% are Uyghurs, 8.0% are Hui and 2.3% are Kazakhs. [edit] Administrative divisions Urumqi currently comprises 8 administrative sub-divisions, county-level units, of these, 7 are districts and 1 is a county. The areas of the city are divided into 7 districts and 1 county:
[edit] EconomyUrumqi is a major industrial center within Xinjiang. Urumqi, together with Karamay and Bayin'gholin account for 64.5% of the total industrial output of Xinjiang. Urumqi is also the largest consumer center in the region, recording ?19.1 billion retail sales of consumer goods in 2004, accounting for 33.9% of the region's total retail value. The GDP per capita was ?22,820 (ca. US$2,850) in 2004 [1]. Urumqi has been a central developmental target for the "Develop the West" project that the Central Government is pursuing. [edit] MediaThe Xinjiang Networking Transmission Limited operates the Urumqi People Broadcasting Station and the Xinjiang People Broadcasting Station, broadcasting in the Mandarin, Uyghur, Kazakh, Mongolian, Russian and the Kyrgyz languages. [edit] TransportationAir: Urumqi is served by the Urumqi Diwopu International Airport. Rail:
Road: Urumqi is located along the China National Highway 312 and China National Highway 314. [edit] See also
[edit] References[edit] External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi" Categories: Cities along the Silk Road | Cities in Central Asia | Cities in Xinjiang | Prefecture-level divisions of Xinjiang | Provincial capitals in China ? Urumqi CountyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search
Urumqi County (Uyghur: ??????? ????????u200e, Urumchi Nahiyisi, Urumqi Nah?iyisi) is a county within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administrative jurisdiction of the Urumqi City. It contains an area of 4,601 km?. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 80,000.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi_County" UrumsFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search
Urums, singular Urum IPA: [u'rum] (Greek: ?????? Urum, Turkish: Urum, Crimean Tatar: Urum) is a broad historical term that was used by some Turkic-speaking peoples (Turks, Crimean Tatars) to define Greeks who lived in Muslim states, particularly in the Ottoman Empire and Crimea. In contemporary ethnography, the term Urum (or Urum Greek) applies only to Turkic-speaking Greek population.
[edit] EthnonymThe term Urum is derived from the Arabic word ?????? (rum), meaning Roman and subsequently Byzantine (Eastern Roman) and Greek (see: Rum). Since words beginning in [r] were not typical for Turkic languages, earlier speakers would add an extra vowel in order to facilitate the pronunciation. In modern Turkish, the Urum spelling, despite being still used by some, is considered obsolete and is replaced by the spelling Rum. The term is presently used by the following sub-ethnic groups of Greeks as a way of ethnic self-identification:
[edit] North Azovian UrumsHistorically Greeks of Crimea (and later of the adjacent Azovian region; present-day Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine) were represented by two groups: the Hellenic-speaking Romaioi and the Turkic-speaking Urums (also called Graeco-Tatars). Both groups populated the region for many centuries (they consisted of both the descendants of the 4th century BC ? 4th century AD colonizers and those who immigrated from Anatolia at various times), however the latter underwent social and cultural processes, which led to them adopting Crimean Tatar as a mother tongue. In 1777, after the annexation of Crimea by Russia, Catherine the Great ordered all Greeks from the peninsula to settle in North Azov, and they have been known as the North Azovian Greeks (??????????? ????? ? priazovskie greki) henceforth. Some linguists believe that the dialect spoken by the North Azovian Urums differs from the common Crimean Tatar language on a more than just dialectical level and therefore constitutes a separate language unit within the Kypchak language sub-group (see: Urum language). Urums practice Eastern Orthodox Christianity. Throughout history, they represented an isolated cultural group and rarely settled in towns populated by the Romaioi, despite sharing Greek heritage with them.[1] Unlike Greek, Urum has never been a language of secondary education in Ukraine. Turkologist Nikolai Baskakov estimated that by 1969, 60,000 people spoke Urum as a native language. According to the All-Ukrainian Population Census of 2001, only 112 of the Donetsk Oblast's 77,516 Greeks listed languages other than Greek, Ukrainian and Russian as their mother tongue.[2] [edit] Tsalka UrumsVery little is known about this sub-ethnic group. They are sometimes referred to as the Trialeti Greeks or the Transcaucasian Turcophone Greeks. Pontian Greeks call them ???????????? (Tsalkalideis); a name that refers to the Georgian town, where Urums once made up the largest ethnic community. From the 18th to the early 20th century the Caucasus experienced mass migrations of Greeks from the Ottoman Empire, mainly from the region of Pontus. Many Pontian Greeks spoke Turkish either as part of their Greek-Turkish bilingua, or as a mother tongue due to linguistic assimilation processes that isolated groups of the Anatolian Greeks were exposed to. According to Andrei Popov, throughout the 19th century hundreds of Turkish-speaking Greek Orthodox families from Erzurum, Gumushane and Artvin moved to Southern Russia and settled on the Tsalka plateau, in present-day Georgia.[3] During the Soviet era they populated over 20 villages in Georgia's Tsalka, Dmanisi, Tetritsq'aro, Marneuli, and Akhaltsikhe regions. In 1926, there were 24,000 Greeks living in Tiflis and the neighbouring area with 20,000 of them being Turcophone.[4] The dialect spoken by the Tsalka Urums is similar to many other Central Anatolian dialects of Turkish. However some linguists, like Nikolai Baksakov, classify it as a separate Oghuz language due to differences in phonetics, vocabulary and grammar.[5] Present-day Urum Turkish is also thought by some to be phonetically closer to Azeri than to the literary Turkish, which leads them to believe that it is rather a dialect of Azeri.[6] Late Soviet censuses also showed Azeri as the mother tongue of the Tsalka Urums, however this may have been done simply due to the Soviets' somewhat unfavourable attitude towards Turkish culture. No secondary education in Urum Turkish has been available; its speakers attend schools where subjects are taught in Russian or Azeri.
The Tsalka Urums themselves call their language bizimce (Turkish for our language / talk). With the popularization of the Russian language, many experienced linguistic assimilation and adapted to Russian. Also starting from the 1980s, some sense of a cultural revival has been observed among the Turcophone Greeks. Historian Airat Aklaev's research showed that 36% of them considered Greek their mother tongue despite their lack of knowledge of that language. 96% expressed their desire to learn Greek.[7] In comparison with the Hellenophone Greeks of Georgia, the Tsalka Urums were less exposed to emigration after the fall of the Soviet Union, hence nowadays they constitute the majority of the country's Greek population. Nevertheless some migration did take place, which is why Greeks are no longer the largest ethnic group in Tsalka. Between 1989 and 2002 their numbers within the region went down from 35,000 to 3,000. Many emigrated to Greece and to the Krasnodar Krai, Russia (cities of Krasnodar, Abinsk, Sochi, and Gelendzhik). [edit] See also
[edit] References
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urums" ? RumFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search
Rum, also Roum or Rhum (in Arabic ???????? ar-Rum, Turkish Rum), is a very indefinite term used at different times in the Muslim world for Europeans generally and for the Byzantine Empire in particular, for the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in Asia Minor, and for Greeks inhabiting Ottoman or modern Turkish territory as well as for Greek Cypriots. Already the Qur'an includes Surat Ar-Rum (i.e., the Sura dealing with "The Romans" or "The Byzantines"). The Byzantine Greeks, as the continuation of the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
