University Park is a village in Will County, Illinois. A very small parcel is in Cook County. University Park has been the home of Governors State University since 1969. The population was 6,662 at the 2000 census, and estimated to be 8,102 as of 2005.

This village, one of the region's few planned communities, was known as Wood Hill, Park Forest South, and finally University Park.

History

In the late 1950s, Woodhill Enterprises purchased land south of Park Forest for a large subdivision. Building began in 1961, but by 1967 Wood Hill had only 240 homes. Residents created a homeowners association, which fostered a community identity.

In 1966 Nathan Manilow, one of the developers of Park Forest, started to purchase land around Wood Hill. Park Forest had been a model for planning in the 1940s, and Lewis Manilow, son of Nathan, formed New Community Enterprises (NCE) to build “a whole new town.” Major partners included Illinois Central Industries and United States Gypsum Company.

NCE supported the incorporation of Park Forest South in 1967 with projections for 100,000 residents. Under the federal New Communities Act of 1968, Park Forest South was designated as one of 15 such “new communities.” Planning included space for residential, commercial, and industrial development and addressed the needs of education, recreation, and faith communities. Racial integration was a goal from the beginning, and Park Forest South became a leader in support of open housing.

Governors State University opened in 1969, and the Illinois Central Railroad made its first commuter extension in 40 years to Park Forest South. Plans for wooded preserves and recreation areas were addressed, building on recreation area set-asides and major land donations by the Manilow organization.

The creativity and energy of the developers and village leadership led to great hopes for their “whole new town.” In 1970, the state of Illinois allocated $24 million for the GSU campus. In 1971, HUD guaranteed $30 million in loans to bring the vision to reality.

The developers modernized the water and sewage treatment facilities and in 1970 initiated the first elementary school, the first apartment complex, and Governors Gateway Industrial Park.

However, difficulties arose in the economy, in the requirements and lack of resources from HUD, in the projections for growth, and in other areas, leading to suspended development in late 1974. For over two years, intense activity at public and private levels untangled many of the problems. The new town, intended for 100,000, adapted to a slow-growth plan anticipating an eventual 20,000 to 25,000 residents. The 2000 population, however, was 6,662, up slightly from the previous decade.

New town planning remains evident. The industrial park next to I-57 is integral to the village, and residential areas continue to offer open space, bikeways, and additional development. The new town heritage includes the Nathan Manilow Sculpture Park, a monumental internationally recognized outdoor sculpture park at GSU developed by Lewis Manilow to honor his father.

In its own way, University Park succeeded as a planned community, with racial diversity and economic solidity on the edge of the developed south suburbs.

Geography

University Park is located at (41.439460, -87.697299).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 9.8 square miles (25.3 km²), of which, 9.8 square miles (25.3 km²) of it is land and 0.10% is water. The village lies on the Valparaiso Moraine, which is also the Eastern Continental Divide.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 6,662 people, 2,253 households, and 1,694 families residing in the village. The population density was 682.7 people per square mile (263.5/km²). There were 2,380 housing units at an average density of 243.9/sq mi (94.2/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 12.02% White, 83.92% African American, 13.03% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.62% from other races, and 3.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.80% of the population.

There were 2,253 households out of which 42.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were married couples living together, 28.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non-families. 21.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.40.

In the village the population was spread out with 34.1% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 7.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 84.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $50,652, and the median income for a family was $58,902. Males had a median income of $41,490 versus $33,827 for females. The per capita income for the village was $20,017. About 8.1% of families and 9.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.5% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.

Government

University Park is divided between two congressional districts. Illinois' 11th congressional district includes the area in Will County west of Governors Highway, as well as the area south of Dralle Road, the area south of Olmstead Drive, and the portion in Crete Township; the rest of the village, including the small portion in Cook County, is in the 2nd district.

References

External links

• Governors State University