Fiction

• My Theodosia, book by Anya Seton about Theodosia Burr Alston
• Theodosia and the Serpents of Chaos, children's novel by R.L. LaFevers with main character Theodosia Throckmorton
• Theodosia Ernest, religious fiction book by Amos Cooper Dayton
• The Royal Master, play by James Shirley with Theodosia the sister of the King

Places

• Feodosiya, a city in Crimea, Ukraine
• Theodosia, Missouri, village in the USA

People

• Augusta Theodosia Drane (1823-12-29 – 1894-04-29), English writer
• Theda Bara (1885-07-29 – 1955-04-13), stage name of actress Theodosia Burr Goodman
• Theodosia Burr Alston, daughter of controversial U.S. presidential candidate and third U.S. Vice President Aaron Burr
• Theodosia Hawkins-Magill (1744-1817) Countess of Clanwilliam
• Theodosia of Constantinople, a Byzantine nun who died fighting against iconoclasm, and became martyr and saint of the Eastern Orthodox church.
• Theodosia, wife of Leo V (c. 775 - after 826), Empress consort of Leo V the Armenian.