St. Elsewhere

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St. Elsewhere is a drama series that originally ran on NBC from October 26, 1982 to May 25, 1988. The series was set in a decaying urban teaching hospital called St. Eligius Hospital (named for St. Eligius), in Boston's South End neighborhood (said at the time to be based on Boston City Hospital, now Boston Medical Center). The hospital's nickname, "St. Elsewhere," is medical industry slang for poor hospitals that serve patients not wanted by the more prestigious institutions. As a medical drama, St. Elsewhere dealt with serious issues of life and death, though episodes also included a substantial amount of black comedy.

Although the series never ranked higher than 49th place in the yearly Nielsen Ratings, it maintained a large enough audience to last six seasons and 137 episodes, and the show is frequently mentioned in discussions about television series finales, due to its own provocative ending. It was produced by MTM Enterprises, which found success with Hill Street Blues around the same time. (The shows were often compared to each other for their ensemble casts and serial storylines.)

Overview

The series had a large ensemble cast, a "realistic" visual style, and a profusion of interlocking stories, and could be regarded as something of a "serial" for its ongoing storylines that continued over the course of many episodes, and sometimes many seasons. Its influence can be seen in another Brand-Falsey series Northern Exposure as well as other medical dramas such as ER and Grey's Anatomy. The series was well regarded by critics, including the influential David Bianculli of the New York Daily News, and received 13 Emmys during its six-season run.

The producers for the series were Bruce Paltrow, Mark Tinker, John Masius, Tom Fontana, John Falsey and Abby Singer. Tinker, Masius, Fontana, and Paltrow wrote a number of episodes as well; other writers included John Tinker, John Ford Noonan, Charles H. Eglee, Eric Overmyer, Channing Gibson, and Aram Saroyan.

In addition to established actors Ed Flanders, Norman Lloyd and William Daniels, St. Elsewhere is also noted for strong ensemble cast, which included Denzel Washington, David Morse, Alfre Woodard, Mark Harmon, Bruce Greenwood, Helen Hunt, Christina Pickles, Kyle Secor, Ed Begley, Jr. and Howie Mandel.

Cast

Image:St Elsewhere.jpg|250px|right|thumb|The cast of St. Elsewhere (first season, 1982-1983) Click on character for actor bio default desc bottom-left rect 20 120 56 212 Dr. Annie Cavanero (Cynthia Sikes) rect 67 128 111 220 Dr. Mark Craig (William Daniels) rect 118 136 164 220 Dr. Donald Westphall (Ed Flanders) poly 204 144 205 156 222 157 239 209 181 214 170 120 203 115 Dr. Ben Samuels (David Birney) rect 0 48 41 110 Dr. Phillip Chandler (Denzel Washington) rect 48 74 75 113 Dr. Wendy Armstrong (Kim Miyori) rect 82 76 116 122 Dr. Victor Ehrlich (Ed Begley, Jr.) rect 123 75 156 130 Dr. Jack Morrison (David Morse) rect 160 74 202 109 Nurse Shirley Daniels (Ellen Bry) rect 206 58 248 143 Dr. Daniel Auschlander (Norman Lloyd) rect 0 8 52 41 Dr. Vijay Kochar (Kavi Raz) rect 52 28 84 71 Nurse Helen Rosenthal (Christina Pickles) rect 91 7 128 70 Dr. Hugh Beale (G.W. Bailey) rect 138 6 165 65 Dr. Cathy Martin (Barbara Whinnery) rect 170 20 197 67 Dr. Wayne Fiscus (Howie Mandel) rect 200 0 248 52 Dr. Peter White (Terence Knox)

See http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:ImageMap
for details on image maps.

The cast of St. Elsewhere (first season, 1982-1983)

Dr. Donald Westphall — Ed Flanders
Dr. Mark Craig — William Daniels
Dr. Ben Samuels (1982-1983) — David Birney
Dr. Victor Ehrlich — Ed Begley, Jr.
Dr. Jack Morrison — David Morse
Dr. Annie Cavanero (1982-1985) — Cynthia Sikes
Dr. Wayne Fiscus — Howie Mandel
Dr. Cathy Martin (1982-1986) — Barbara Whinnery
Dr. Peter White (1982-1985) — Terence Knox
Dr. Hugh Beale (1982-1983) — G.W. Bailey
Nurse Helen Rosenthal — Christina Pickles
Dr. Phillip Chandler — Denzel Washington
Dr. Vijay Kochar (1982-1984) — Kavi Raz
Dr. Wendy Armstrong (1982-1984) — Kim Miyori
Dr. Daniel Auschlander — Norman Lloyd
Nurse Shirley Daniels (1982-1985) — Ellen Bry
Orderly Luther Hawkins — Eric Laneuville (also directed more than 15 episodes)
Joan Halloran (1983-1984) — Nancy Stafford
Dr. Robert Caldwell (1983-1986) — Mark Harmon
Dr. Michael Ridley (1983-1984) — Paul Sand
Mrs. Ellen Craig — Bonnie Bartlett
Dr. Elliot Axelrod (1983-1988) — Stephen Furst
Nurse Lucy Papandrao — Jennifer Savidge
Dr. Jaqueline Wade (1983-1988) — Sagan Lewis
Orderly Warren Coolidge (1984-1988) — Byron Stewart
Dr. Emily Humes (1984-1985) — Judith Hansen
Dr. Alan Poe (1984-1985) — Brian Tochi
Nurse Peggy Shotwell (1984-1986) — Saudra Sharp
Mrs. Hufnagel (1984-1985) — Florence Halop
Dr. Roxanne Turner (1985-1987) — Alfre Woodard
Ken Valere (1985-1986) — George Deloy
Terri Valere (1985-1986) — Deborah May
Dr. Seth Griffin (1986-1988) — Bruce Greenwood
Dr. Paulette Kiem (1986-1988) — France Nuyen
Dr. Carol Novino (1986-1988) — Cindy Pickett
Joanne McFadden (1986-1988) — Patricia Wettig
Dr. John Gideon (1987-1988) — Ronny Cox
Clancy Williams (1984-1986) — Helen Hunt
Tommy Westphall (1983-1986) — Chad Allen

Episodes

Final episode

The final episode of St. Elsewhere, known as "The Last One", ended in a context different from every other episode of the series. As the viewer pans away from snow beginning to fall at St. Eligius hospital, the scene changes to Donald Westphall's autistic son Tommy, and Daniel Auschlander in an apartment building. Westphall arrives home from a day of work, and it is clear that he works in construction from the uniform he wears and from a conversation in this scene. "Auschlander" is revealed to be Donald's father, and thus Tommy's grandfather. Donald laments to his father, "I don't understand this autism thing, Pop. Here's my son. I talk to him. I don't even know if he can hear me, because he sits there, all day long, in his own world, staring at that toy. What's he thinkin' about?" The toy is revealed to be a snow globe with a replica of St. Eligius hospital inside. Tommy shakes the snow globe, and is told by his father to come and wash his hands. Donald Westphall places the snow globe on the family's television set and walks into the kitchen and the camera closes in on the snow globe.

One of the more common interpretations of this scene is that the total series of events in the series St. Elsewhere had been a product of Tommy Westphall's imagination, with elements of the above scene used as its own evidence

One of the results of this has been an attempt by individuals to determine how many television shows are also products of this Tommy Westphall's mind because of shared fictional characters: the "Tommy Westphall Universe".

The series finale brought in 22.5 million viewers and was the highest rated program that week.

After struggling in syndication, the reruns had cable runs on TV Land, Bravo and currently, AmericanLife TV.

DVD releases

20th Century Fox Home Entertainment has released the complete first season of St. Elsewhere on DVD in Region 1 for the first time. Despite a loyal fan base, multiple awards, and ground breaking scripts, Fox Home Entertainment has stated there are no plans to bring any remaining seasons to DVD.

DVD Name	Ep #	Release Date
Season 1	22	November 28, 2006
Season 2	22	TBA
Season 3	24	TBA
Season 4	24	TBA
Season 5	23	TBA
Season 6	22	TBA

Production notes

Donald Westphall's exit is notable in TV history. Frustrated by the new administration of the hospital, he quit and then mooned boss John Gideon, with the mooning shown on camera.
The building used in exterior shots of the hospital, while only a block away from Boston City Hospital (now Boston Medical Center, and ostensibly the basis for the hospital depicted on the show), is an apartment building and was never used as a hospital. (It was, however, used as a nurses' residence.)
In the opening credits, a rare (and, by the end of the show, anachronistic) shot of an MBTA Orange Line train can be seen on the Washington Street Elevated, above Washington Street. This line was demolished and relocated about one mile west in 1987. In 2002 the MBTA Silver Line began running Bus rapid transit service on Washington Street, following the former Orange Line route. Newton Street Station is next to the building which "played" St. Eligius Hospital.
Bonnie Bartlett, who played Mark Craig's wife Ellen, is married to Craig's portrayer William Daniels in real life. Ellen Craig was a recurring character during the show's early years, appearing in a few episodes per season. She became a regular cast member beginning with St. Elsewhere's fifth season.
Actor Tim Robbins appeared in a first-season story arc, playing an injured, nasty and unrepentant terrorist who had set off a bomb within a bank as a form of social protest. At the conclusion of his story arc, he is shot dead inside the hospital by the husband of one of his victims. Seasons later, the husband, now in prison, resurfaces in a story arc involving Jack Morrison.
"Time Heals", a two-part episode in the middle of Season 4, has been cited by David Bianculli and others as one of the finest moments in television history. Over the course of the two episodes of "Time Heals," the dense narrative goes back in time to reveal the back stories of many of the show's main characters. Among the compelling threads is one involving Father Joseph McCabe, played by Edward Herrmann. "Time Heals" was listed 44th on TV Guide's ranking of the greatest television show episodes of all time. The episodes aired on Nick at Nite during a marathon coinciding with the TV Guide list.
In "After Life", a Season 5 episode, Wayne Fiscus is shot and, while his life hangs in the balance and he is being operated on, his soul or spirit has a series of experiences in heaven and hell, meeting past characters from the series who have died, including Peter White, Murray Robbin, Eve Leighton and Ralph (the "Bird Man" from Season 1). Fiscus also encounters a man claiming to be God, who looks just like Fiscus.
Mimsie, the kitten in the MTM logo at the end of each episode, is wearing a scrub suit and a surgical mask, which is animated to look like a mouth is moving underneath when she meows. In the final episode of the series, she is hooked on life support on a hospital bed and then dies. This was meant to symbolize the end of the series. In a twist of sad irony, the actual cat that was used for the logo had also died around the same time as St. Elsewhere's ending.
The show was sued by the Humana Hospital system because the name "Ecumena" was so close it was considered to be a put down of their hospitals. St. Elsewhere obliged by not only having Ecumena give up St. Eligius, but the large sign above the steps of the hospital came crashing down and broke into pieces when being removed. They then changed the corporate name to "Weigert Hospitals, Inc".
Notable guest stars on St. Elsewhere over the years included Eric Stoltz, Pauly Shore, Ray Charles, Geraldine Fitzgerald, Tom Hulce, Jane Kaczmarek, Lainie Kazan, Jayne Meadows, Laraine Newman, James Coco, Doris Roberts, Piper Laurie, Alan Arkin, Robert Davi, Christopher Guest, Lance Guest, Ray Liotta, Betty White, Michael Madsen, Ernie Hudson, Kate Mulgrew, Kathy Bates, John Astin, Michael Richards, Austin Pendleton, Kyle Secor, Jason Bateman, Tim Thomerson, Blythe Danner (wife of producer Bruce Paltrow) and then-Massachusetts Gov. Michael Dukakis.
Hal Linden was first offered the role of Donald Westphall, but turned it down. Character actor Josef Sommer was then cast as Westphall, but was cut from the unfinished original pilot, and replaced by Ed Flanders.
Actor David Paymer was originally cast as Wayne Fiscus. But he was fired and replaced by Howie Mandel. Paymer later appeared as a guest star during a Season 6 episode.
Regular cast members William Daniels, David Morse and Eric Laneuville each directed at least one episode of the series.
The series' theme music, composed by Dave Grusin, enjoys popularity on radio and ambient music services long after the show ended on television.
The series has aired on TV Land and Bravo networks. On Bravo, the series was digitally re-mastered and surrounded by introductions and recollections by series staff, stars and guest stars.
The series was also formerly aired on GMA Network from the Philippines.

In-jokes, puns and crossovers

The series was noted for its unusually large number of in-jokes and oblique pop culture references. A favorite device was to use the hospital's P.A. system to page doctors from other medical series. (This was usually only heard in the background, and was never remarked upon by any St. Elsewhere character.)
Other pop culture references were buried in dialogue, such as Mark Craig telling his housekeeper, "Watch out Grace, the roads are a little slick" (ref. Grace Slick); or Daniel Auschlander telling Donald Westphall "When you're petty, you can be a heartbreaker" (ref. Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers); or having several of the regulars on Steve Allen's Tonight Show appear as various St. Elsewhere cast members' fathers — and then, in a line of dialogue about a fire, having Allen say to the other 'fathers', "Well, that's tonight's show over."
A 1985 episode featured a Cheers crossover, in which Westphall, Auschlander and Craig stop into the fictional Cheers Pub (also set in Boston) for a drink, and Craig gets into a verbal altercation with barmaid Carla Tortelli (Rhea Perlman). (Carla had mentioned going to St. Eligius to give birth in the Cheers season two episode, "Little Sister Don Cha".) This was perhaps unprecedented at the time, as it crossed sitcom characters over into a dramatic series.
Chicago Hope's Dr. Kate Austin (played by Christine Lahti, cast regular) tells a journalist in Season 2 that her surgery mentor had been Dr. David Domedion, who is also Mark Craig's mentor and appeared St. Elsewhere episode 68, played by Dean Jagger, and episode 86, played by Jackie Cooper, in a flashback. Craig, Domedion and Austin were all cardiothoracic surgeons.
Orderly Warren Coolidge, played by Byron Stewart, was a crossover character from the 1970s TV series The White Shadow, in which he played a flaky but talented high school basketball player in Los Angeles. In one St. Elsewhere episode, Coolidge is seen wearing a "Carver High School" T-shirt. Over the years, several oblique references were made to Coolidge's basketball days, usually by fellow orderly Luther Hawkins, which explained his crossover to St. Elsewhere. In one episode, Coolidge explains that he accepted a basketball scholarship at Boston College but blew out his knee during his sophomore year. In another, Timothy van Patten, also a regular from The White Shadow, guest-starred. Coolidge called out to the man who, he was convinced, was his old teammate, but was told by van Patten's character that he had "the wrong guy."
Betty White, when she appeared on St. Elsewhere, was called "Sue Ann" by a psychiatric patient, a reference to Betty White's character on The Mary Tyler Moore Show (White was playing a different character, totally unrelated to Sue Ann). Furthermore, the patient believed himself to be Mary Richards. In the same episode, another patient in the psychiatric ward is none other than Elliott Carlin, the resident neurotic from The Bob Newhart Show, as played by veteran character actor Jack Riley. Carlin tells another patient he is there because his life was ruined by "a quack psychologist in Chicago."
B.J. Hunnicutt, a fictional character from the series M*A*S*H, was referred to by Mark Craig as a drinking buddy in Korea.
Show creators Joshua Brand and John Falsey went on to create Northern Exposure. In that show's pilot episode, Ed Chigliak (Darren E. Burrows) tells Dr. Joel Fleischmann (Rob Morrow) how he became fascinated with doctors after watching St. Elsewhere.
The Scrubs episode "My Sacrificial Clam" (original air date, April 30, 2002), featured four unnamed doctors sharing a single hospital room, played by St. Elsewhere cast members William Daniels, Ed Begley Jr., Stephen Furst and Eric Laneuville. (However, this is not a crossover, as Laneuville did not play a doctor on St. Elsewhere, and Furst's St. Elsewhere character died in season six.)
Jack Dodson, who played Howard Sprague in The Andy Griffith Show had a recurring role as a patient who happened to be a judge. When he finally died he called out for "Floyd" as in Floyd, the barber, in Mayberry.
In one St. Elsewhere episode, reference is made to William Daniels' role as John Adams in the musical play and movie 1776. As Daniels' character, Dr. Mark Craig, visits Philadelphia, he sings a line from one of the 1776 songs.
Two St. Elsewhere characters were carried over to the NBC series Homicide: Life on the Street, which was executive produced by St. Elsewhere alum Tom Fontana. In an episode in season six entitled Mercy, Alfre Woodard reprises her role of Dr. Roxanne Turner. Woodard was nominated for an Emmy Award as Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series. In other Homicide episodes the character of Detective Tim Bayliss (played by Kyle Secor) develops a bad back and is treated by a "Dr. Ehrlich." In the Homicide: The Movie finale, Ed Begley, Jr., makes an uncredited appearance as Dr. Victor Ehrlich.

Awards and nominations

Awards won

Emmy Awards:

Outstanding Directing in a Drama Series Mark Tinker (1988)
Outstanding Writing in a Drama Series Tom Fontana, John Tinker, John Masius (1986), and Masius, Fontana, and John Ford Noonan (1984)
Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series William Daniels (1985 and 1986)
Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Ed Flanders (1983)
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series Bonnie Bartlett(1986 and 1987)
Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series James Coco (1983)
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series Doris Roberts (1983)

Peabody Award (1984)

Humanitas Prize (1985)

Television Critics Association Award for Drama Series (1988)

Awards nominated