Shulaveri-Shomu culture encyclopedia topics

Shulaveri-shomu Culture

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Wikipedia

Shulaveri-Shomu culture is a Late Neolithic/Eneolithic culture in the Transcaucasus region. The culture is dated to mid-6th or early-5th millennia BC. Archaeologists refer to the Shulaveri-Shomu culture of the central Transcaucasus region, including present day Georgia and the Armenian Highlands, as the earliest known Neolithic culture in the south-eastern Caucasus, radiocarbon-dated to roughly 6000 - 4000 BC.

Shulaveri culture predates the Kura-Araxes culture of the Armenian Highland and surrounding areas, which is assigned to the period of ca. 4000 - 2200 BC, and is believed to have subsequently developed into the Trialeti culture (ca. 2200 - 1500 BC). Sioni culture of Eastern Georgia possibly represents a transition from the Shulaveri to the Kura-Arax cultural complex.

In around ca. 6000–4200 B.C the Shulaveri-Shomu and other Neolithic/Chalcolithic cultures of the Southern Caucasus use local obsidian for tools, raise animals such as cattle and pigs, and grow crops, including grapes. Many of the characteristic traits of the Shulaverian material culture (circular mudbrick architecture, pottery decorated by plastic design, anthropomorphic female figurines, obsidian industry with an emphasys on production of long prismatic blades) are believed to have their origin in the Near Eatern Neolithic (Hassuna, Halaf).