September 9 encyclopedia topics

Events

1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age.
1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Habsburg lands between the Habsburg Dukes Albert III and Leopold III.
1493 - Battle of Krbava field, a decisive defeat of Croats in Croatian struggle against the Ottoman Empire invasion.
1513 - James IV of Scotland is defeated and dies in the Battle of Flodden Field, ending Scotland's involvement in the War of the League of Cambrai.
1543 - Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.
1739 - Stono Rebellion, the largest slave uprising in Britains mainland North American colonies prior to the American Revolution, erupts near Charleston, South Carolina.
1776 - The Continental Congress officially names their new union of sovereign states the United States.
1791 - Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is named after President George Washington.
1839 - John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph.
1850 - California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state.
1850 - The Compromise of 1850 strips Texas of a third of its claimed territory (now parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Wyoming) in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.
1863 - American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
1886 - The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works is finalized.
1914 - World War I: The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.
1922 - Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922 has ended with Turkish victory over the Greeks.
1923 - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, founds the Republican People's Party (CHP).
1924 - Hanapepe Massacre occurs on Kauai, Hawaii.
1926 - The U.S. National Broadcasting Company formed.
1942 - World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops an incendiary bomb on Oregon.
1943 - World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto, Italy.
1944 - World War II: The Fatherland Front takes power in Bulgaria through a military coup in the capital and armed rebellion in the country. A new pro-Soviet government is established.
1945 - Second Sino-Japanese War: Japan formally surrenders to China.
1947 - First actual case of a computer bug being found: a moth lodges in a relay of a Harvard Mark II computer at Harvard University.
1948 - The Republic Day of Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
1956 - Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.
1965 - The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is established.
1965 - Hurricane Betsy makes its second landfall near New Orleans, Louisiana, leaving 76 dead and $1.42 billion ($10-12 billion in 2005 dollars) in damages, becoming the first hurricane to top $1 billion in unadjusted damages.
1966 - The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act is signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.
1969 - Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 DC-9 collides in flight with a Piper PA-28 and crashes near Fairland, Indiana.
1970 - A British airliner is hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) and flown to Dawson's Field in Jordan.
1971 - The four-day Attica Prison riot begins, which eventually results in 39 dead, most killed by state troopers retaking the prison.
1991 - Tajikstan gains independence from the Soviet Union.
1993 - The Palestine Liberation Organization officially recognizes Israel as a legitimate state.
2001 - Ahmed Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, is assassinated in Afghanistan.
2004 - 2004 Australian embassy bombing: A bomb explodes outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta, killing 10 people.

Births

214 - Aurelian, Roman Emperor (d. 275)
384 - Flavius Honorius, Roman Emperor (d. 423)
1349 - Duke Albert III of Austria (d. 1395)
1427 - Thomas de Ros, 10th Baron de Ros, English politician (d. 1464)
1466 - Ashikaga Yoshitane, Japanese shogun (d. 1523)
1558 - Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercoeur, French soldier (d. 1602)
1585 - Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu, French statesman (d. 1642)
1629 - Cornelis Tromp, Dutch admiral (d. 1691)
1700 - Princess Anna Sophie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (d. 1780)
1711 - Thomas Hutchinson, American politician (d. 1780)
1731 - Francisco Javier Clavijero, Mexican writer (d. 1787)
1737 - Luigi Galvani, Italian physician and physicist (d. 1798)
1754 - William Bligh, British naval officer (d. 1817)
1755 - Benjamin Bourne, American politician (d. 1808)
1828 - Leo Tolstoy, Russian novelist (d. 1910)
1834 - Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English novelist (d. 1903)
1853 - Fred Spofforth, Australian cricketer (d. 1926)
1855 - Anthony Francis Lucas, Croatian-born oil exploration pioneer (d. 1921)
1862 - Léon Boëllmann, French composer (d. 1897)
1868 - Mary Hunter Austin, American writer (d. 1934)
1873 - Max Reinhardt, German film director and actor (d. 1943)
1877 - Frank Chance, American baseball player (d. 1924)
1878 - Adelaide Crapsey, American poet (d. 1914)
1878 - Sergio Osmeña, 4^th President of the Philippines (d. 1961)
1887 - Alf Landon, American politician (d. 1987)
1882 - Clem McCarthy, American sportscaster (d. 1962)
1890 - Harland Sanders, American fast-food entrepreneur (d. 1980)
1892 - Tsuru Aoki, Japanese-born American actress (d. 1961)
1894 - Arthur Freed, American songwriter and film producer (d. 1973)
1894 - Bert Oldfield, Australian cricketer (d. 1976)
1898 - Frankie Frisch, American baseball player (d. 1973)
1899 - Waite Hoyt, American baseball player (d. 1984)
1899 - Neil Hamilton, American actor (d. 1984)
1899 - Bruno E. Jacob, Founder of the National Forensics League (d. 1979)
1900 - James Hilton, English novelist (d. 1954)
1903 - Phyllis Whitney, American writer (d. 2008)
1904 - Feroze Khan, Pakistani field hockey player (d. 2005)
1905 - Hussain Sha - Indian Saint, Philosopher ,Pithapuram
1908 - Cesare Pavese, Italian poet and novelist (d. 1950)
1911 - John Gorton, Australian politician (d. 2002)
1911 - Paul Goodman, American poet and writer (d. 1972)
1917 - Rolf Wenkhaus, German actor (d. 1942)
1919 - Jimmy "the Greek" Snyder, American bookmaker and sports commentator (d. 1996)
1919 - Gottfried Dienst, Swiss football referee (d. 1998)
1920 - Aldo Parisot, American cellist and teacher
1920 - Robert Wood Johnson III, American philanthropist (d. 1970)
1920 - Feng Kang, Chinese mathematician (d. 1993)
1922 - Hans Georg Dehmelt, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1922 - Manolis Glezos, Greek politician and writer
1922 - Hoyt Curtin, American songwriter (d. 2000)
1923 - Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1924 - Jane Greer, American actress (d. 2001)
1924 - Russell M. Nelson, LDS apostle and cardiac surgery pioneer
1924 - Rik Van Steenbergen, Belgian cyclist (d. 2003)
1925 - Cliff Robertson, American actor
1926 - Yusuf al-Qaradawi, prominent Egypt Muslim cleric
1927 - Elvin Jones, American jazz drummer (d. 2004)
1929 - Claude Nougaro, French singer (d. 2004)
1930 - Frank Lucas, Drug Lord
1932 - Sylvia Miles, American actress
1935 - Chaim Topol, Israeli actor
1935 - Gopal Baratham, Singaporean author
1939 - Bruce Gray, Puerto Rican actor
1939 - Ron McDole, American football player
1939 - Carlos Ortiz, Puerto Rican boxer
1941 - Otis Redding, American singer and songwriter (d. 1967)
1941 - Dennis Ritchie, American computer scientist
1942 - Inez Foxx, American R&B singer
1943 - Art LaFleur, American actor
1945 - Dee Dee Sharp, American R&B singer
1946 - Bruce Palmer, Canadian musician (Buffalo Springfield) (d. 2004)
1946 - Doug Ingle, American musician (Iron Butterfly)
1946 - Hayato Tani, Japanese actor
1947 - David Rosenboom, American composer
1948 - Pamela Des Barres, American groupie and author
1949 - Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Indonesian politician
1949 - Garry Maddox, American baseball player
1949 - Joe Theismann, American football player and commentator
1951 - Alexander Downer, Australian politician
1951 - Robert Desiderio, American actor
1951 - Tom Wopat, American actor and singer
1952 - Angela Cartwright, American actress
1952 - Manuel Göttsching, German musician (Ash Ra Tempel)
1952 - David A. Stewart, English musician (Eurythmics)
1954 - Jeffrey Combs, American actor
1955 - John Kricfalusi, Canadian animator
1957 - Pierre-Laurent Aimard, French pianist
1957 - Gabriele Tredozi, Italian engineer
1959 - Eric Serra, French composer
1960 - Hugh Grant, English actor
1960 - Mario Batali, American chef and restaurateur
1960 - Bob Stoops, American football coach
1963 - Roberto Donadoni, Italian football player and manager
1965 - Dan Majerle, American basketball player
1966 - Georg Hackl, German luger
1966 - Adam Sandler, American actor and comedian
1967 - Akshay Kumar, Indian Actor
1967 - Anna Malle, American porn star (d. 2006)
1967 - B. J. Armstrong, American basketball player
1967 - Chris Caffery, American guitarist and singer
1968 - Francois Botha, South African boxer
1968 - Jon Drummond, American former sprinter
1968 - Julia Sawalha, English actress
1968 - Clive Mendonca, English Footballer
1969 - Rachel Hunter, New Zealand model and actress
1969 - Constance Marie, American actress
1970 - Natalia Streignard, Venezuelan actress
1971 - Henry Thomas, American actor and musician
1972 - James Farmer, American educator and artist
1972 - Mike Hampton, American baseball player
1972 - Natasha Kaplinsky, British newsreader
1972 - Félix Rodríguez, Dominican baseball player
1972 - Goran Višnjić, Croatian actor
1973 - Kazuhisa Ishii, Japanese baseball player
1974 - Shane Crawford, Australian rules footballer
1974 - Mathias Färm, Swedish guitarist (Millencolin)
1974 - Vikram Batra, Officer of the Indian Army
1974 - Ana Carolina, Brazilian singer, composer and musician
1975 - Michael Bublé, Canadian singer and actor
1976 - Emma de Caunes, French film actress
1976 - Chace Ambrose, American actor and writer
1976 - Kristoffer Rygg, Norwegian musician (Ulver, ex-Borknagar)
1976 - Juan A. Baptista, Venezuelan actor
1976 - Aki Riihilahti, Finnish footballer
1977 - Chae Jung-an, South Korean actress and singer
1977 - Soulja Slim, American rapper (d. 2003)
1977 - Kyle Snyder, American baseball player
1978 - Kurt Ainsworth, American baseball player
1978 - Shane Battier, American basketball player
1978 - Mariano Puerta, Argentine tennis player
1979 - Nikki DeLoach, American actress and singer
1980 - Todd Coffey, American baseball player
1980 - Michelle Williams, American actress
1981 - Julie Gonzalo, Argentinian actress
1982 - Ai Otsuka, Japanese singer and songwriter
1983 - Kyle Davies, American baseball player
1983 - Edwin Jackson, American baseball player
1983 - Sam Hollenbach, American football player
1983 - Cleveland Taylor, International footballer
1983 - Kristine Hermosa, Filipina actress
1984 - James Hildreth, English Cricketer
1985 - J.R. Smith, American basketball player
1985 - Luka Modrić, Croatian footballer
1986 - Justice Chibhabha, Zimbabwean cricketer
1986 - Luc Richard Mbah a Moute, Cameroonian basketball player
1986 - Michael Bowden, American baseball player
1987 - Joshua Herdman, English actor
1987 - Alexandre Song, Cameroonian footballer
1990 - Melody Klaver, Dutch actress
2000 - Victoria Federica de Marichalar y de Borbón, granddaughter of king Juan Carlos I of Spain