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Marcus Licinius Crassus Dives (consul 30 BC)
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Marcus Licinius Crassus the Younger, also known as Marcus Licinius Crassus Dives, (flourished 1st century BC) was a Roman consul in the year 30 BC. He was best known for defeating a Thracian tribe, the Bastarnae in Macedonia and killing their King Deldo in single combat in 29 BC. However, he was not only not given the Spolia opima but was also denied a triumph by the Emperor Augustus in a reversal of centuries of Roman military tradition.
Military career
Crassus was a Roman general, who fought first with Sextus Pompeius and Mark Antony before defecting to Octavian (future Roman Emperor Augustus). He was made consul in 30 BC jointly with Octavian and fought Thracian tribes in Macedonia before achieving his most notable victory. In 29 BC he defeated the Bastarnae (of an area now in modern Romania and Bulgaria), killing their King Deldo in single combat. However, he was denied the Spolia opima although entitled to it by tradition. This marked a deliberate decision of the emperor Augustus to downplay the successes of individual generals in favor of the prestige of the emperor and imperial family.He campaigned between 29 BC and 27 BC, conquering the countries of the Balkans. He was however also denied the agnomen of Scythica which he might have expected to receive , although previous conquerors of new territories since the days of general Scipio Africanus had been awarded agnomens by the Senate.
Family
The younger Crassus was the son of another Roman quaestor and consul Marcus Licinius Crassus possibly by his wife Caecilia Metella Cretica, daughter of the consul Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus (see Caecilius Metellus); his mother's tomb is visible on the Appian Way. The father was a quaestor to Julius Caesar, and a son, possibly the eldest son, of the triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus possibly by his first wife (widow of an elder brother killed in December 87 BC). Crassus the Younger apparently had no surviving sons by his wife. He adopted the future consul Marcus Licinius Crassus Dives from the Calpurnius Piso family.References
See also
- German entry on this Crassus, in German
- Marcus Licinius Crassus the triumvir, his grandfather
- Licinius (gens) for the family
- Spolia opima for the highest honours denied the younger Crassus
- Bastarnae in Encyclopedia Britannica for more about the tribe
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Last updated on Tuesday June 03, 2008 at 10:03:41 PDT (GMT -0700)
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Last updated on Tuesday June 03, 2008 at 10:03:41 PDT (GMT -0700)
View this article at Wikipedia.org - Edit this article at Wikipedia.org - Donate to the Wikimedia Foundation
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