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Mandarin
2 reference results for: Mandarin
Columbia Encyclopedia
Mandarin [Port. mandar=to govern, or from Malay mantri=counselor of state], a high official of imperial China. For each of the nine grades there was a different colored button worn on the dress cap. Mandarin Chinese was the language spoken by the official class and was based on the Beijing dialect. A version of Mandarin Chinese, known as putonghua [common language], is now taught throughout the country, and it is the official national language. A first or second language for roughly half the nation's population, it is widely spoken in native Chinese regions except along the southeastern coast, where the Cantonese, Fukienese, and Shanghai languages (considered by some to be Chinese dialects) are dominant. See Chinese.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia Copyright © 2004, Columbia University Press.
Licensed from Columbia University Press
Licensed from Columbia University Press
Wikipedia
Mandarin may refer to any of the following:
- Mandarin (bureaucrat), a bureaucrat of Imperial China, Vietnam and Korea, and by analogy, any government bureaucrat
In relation to China, the Chinese language or Chinese culture:
- Mandarin (linguistics), a group of dialects of spoken Chinese, or more specifically:
- Standard Mandarin, the official spoken language of the People's Republic of China, Republic of China (Taiwan) and Singapore, and widely used by overseas Chinese
- Mandarin dress, a style of clothing derived from Manchurian garb
- Mandarin collar, a short shirt or jacket collar that is not folded
- Mandarin orange, a fruit like a satsuma.
In biology:
- Mandarin duck, Aix galericulata
- Mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi
- Mandarin orange, Citrus reticulata
As a company name:
- Mandarin Airlines, a subsidiary of China Airlines
- Mandarin Oriental, Hong Kong, a Hong Kong hotel formerly known as The Mandarin, the founding member of the Mandarin Oriental hotel group
- Mandarin Publishing, a publishing unit of Random House
- Mandarin Software, a British software developer later purchased by Europress
Other uses:
- Mandarin, Jacksonville, Florida, United States, a wealthy 19th century community, since absorbed into the city limits of Jacksonville
- The Mandarins Drum and Bugle Corps, a drum and bugle corps from Sacramento, California
- Mandarin (novel), a 1983 Robert Elegant novel
- Mandarin (comics), a supervillain in the Marvel Comics universe, one of the major archenemies of Iron Man
- Mandarin (SRMTHFG), a character in the animated TV series Super Robot Monkey Team Hyper Force Go!
- Mandarin Mix-Up, a 1924 film starring Stan Laurel
- Mandarin high school, a high school in the southern part of Jacksonville Florida.
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Last updated on Tuesday June 24, 2008 at 05:25:37 PDT (GMT -0700)
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Last updated on Tuesday June 24, 2008 at 05:25:37 PDT (GMT -0700)
View this article at Wikipedia.org - Edit this article at Wikipedia.org - Donate to the Wikimedia Foundation
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