List of planar symmetry groups

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This article summarizes the classes of discrete planar symmetry groups:

  1. 2 infinite set of point groups
  2. 7 Frieze groups
  3. 17 wallpaper groups

Point groups

There are two classes of point groups, rotational and reflectional.

Point groups:

Example Symbols

Example C5
Cn (n)
Cyclic group

Example D6
Dn (*n)
Dihedral group

Frieze Groups

There are also 7 Frieze groups in the plane which have a fundamental line of symmetry and infinite fundamental domains.

Example
pattern
Conway
symbols

  1. (∞∞)
  2. (∞x)
  3. (∞*)
  4. (*∞∞)
  5. (22∞)
  6. (2*∞)
  7. (*22∞)

Wallpaper groups

There are 17 wallpaper groups in the plane with finite fundamental domains.

Rotation
p2 (2222)
parallelogrammetic
p4 (442)
p3 (333)
p6 (632)
Maximum symmetry per lattice type
pmm (*2222)
rectangular
cmm (2*22)
rhombic
p4m (*442)
square
p6m (*632)
hexagonal
Mixed
p3m1 (*333)
p31m (3*3)
p4g (4*2)
Other
pm (**)
p1 (o)
pg (xx)
pmg (22*)
cm (*x)
pgg (22x)

See also

External references



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Last updated on Thursday July 19, 2007 at 21:11:58 PDT (GMT -0700)
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