List of military commanders

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See also: Military History

Antiquity

Armenia

• Artaxias I (189 BC-159 BC) Armenian king, founded the Artaxiad Dynasty, the beginnings of the Armenian Golden Age
• Tigranes the Great (95 BC-55 BC) Armenian king, extended the Kingdom of Armenia to its greatest extent
• Vartan Mamikonian (d. 451) Sparapet, commander of Armenian forces during the Battle of Avarayr against the Sassanids which preserved Christianity in Armenia

Barbarians

• Arminius (16 BC–21 AD), war chief of the Germanic tribe of the Cherusci
• Alaric I (375–410), Gothic King, sacked Rome
• Theodoric (471–526), Gothic King

Berber people

• Lusius Quietus, governor of Judaea and one of the best Trajan's chief generals. See Kitos War.
• Masinissa (c. 238 BC - c. 148 BC) was the first King of Numidia, an ancient Amazigh North African nation of ancient Libyan peoples, and is most famous for his role as a Roman ally in the Battle of Zama.

Carthage

• Hamilcar Barca, father of Hannibal.
• Hannibal, famed Punic general who was Rome's greatest rival during the Second Punic War

China

• Sun Tzu (ca 6th century BC) (Chinese general during the Warring States period) Author of "The Art of War"
• Lian Po (Warring States period)
• Qin Shi Huang (First emperor of the Qin) Unifier of China
• Xiang Yu (Chinese general during the fall of the Qin)
• Han Xin (Chinese general during the Han Dynasty Served Liu Bang), First Emperor of the Han
• Wang Mang (General and rebel during the Han)
• Lu Bu (Chinese warlord during the Three Kingdoms period)
• Cao Cao (Chinese warlord of the Wei Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period)
• Sima Yi (Chinese military stratigest for the Wei Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period) Laid the foundations for the Jin Dynasty
• Sun Quan (Chinese warlord of the Wu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period)
• Zhou Yu (Chinese general and strategist of the Wu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period)
• Liu Bei (Chinese warlord of the Shu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period) Member of the fallen Han Imperial Family
• Zhang Liang (Chinese military strategist serving Emperor Gaozu of Han)
• Guan Yu (Chinese general of the Shu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period) Leader of the legendary Five Tiger Generals, and deified as the God of War in the Sui Dynasty
• Zhao Yun (Chinese general of the Shu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period) One of the Five Tiger Generals

Egypt

• Ahmose I
• Thutmose III
• Ramesses II
• Merneptah
• Ramesses III
• Shoshenq I
• Psamtik I
• Necho II
• Psammetichus II
• Ahmose II

Gaul

• Vercingetorix (72 BC–46 BC), Gallic warlord who led a rebellion against Rome

Greece

• Miltiades the Younger (550 BC–489 BC), athenian general during the Persian Wars
• Callimachus, athenian general during the Persian Wars
• Themistocles (525 BC–460 BC), athenian admiral during the Persian Wars
• Leonidas (d. 480 BC), Spartan king, leader of the 300 Spartans in the Battle of Thermopylae
• Eurybiades, spartan general during the Persian Wars
• Pausanias (Spartan general during the Persian Wars)
• Mardonius (Persian general during the Persian Wars)
• Cimon (Athenian general)
• Callias (Athenian general)
• Pericles (Athenian politician and general during the Peloponnesian War)
• Demosthenes (Athenian general during the Peloponnesian War)
• Cleon (Athenian general during the Peloponnesian War)
• Nicias (Athenian general during the Peloponnesian War)
• Thucydides (Athenian general during the Peloponnesian War)
• Brasidas (Spartan general during the Peloponnesian War)
• Alcibiades (Athenian general during the Peloponnesian War)
• Phormio (Athenian admiral during the Peloponnesian War)
• Thrasybulus (Athenian admiral during the Peloponnesian War)
• Lysander (Spartan admiral during the Peloponnesian War)
• Xenophon – Elected Commander of the Ten Thousand Greek mercenaries against Artaxerxes II of Persia
• Epaminondas (Theban general)
• Philip II of Macedon (Macedonian king and father of Alexander the Great)
• Alexander the Great (King of Macedon who conquered the Achaemenid Empire and the Punjab and Indus)
• Ptolemy I Soter, One of Alexander the Great's generals, founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty, he was the first king
• Demetrius I of Bactria, a Greek-born king who conquered much of what is now Iran, Pakistan and northern India. He was nicknamed "The Invincible"
• Memnon (Greek mercenary in Persian service)
• Pyrrhus of Epirus (King of Epirus who invaded Italy)
• Xanthippus Greek Mercenary General, fought for carthage against Pyrrhus of Epirus
• Antigonus I Monophthalmus Founder of the Antigonid Dynasty.
• Seleucus I Nicator Founder of the Seleucid Dynasty.
• The Diadochi

Huns

• Attila the Hun (406–453), king of the Huns, often referred as "Scourge of God"

India

• Sudas (circa 15th century BC), Indian king who defeated the ten Rigvedic tribes in the Battle of the Ten Kings
• Chanakya (Kautilya) (c. 350-283 BC), Prime Minister of the Maurya Empire and author of the Arthashastra
• Chandragupta Maurya (Sandrocottus) (c. 340-293 BC), Maurya King who conquered the Nanda Empire and northern Indian subcontinent, and defeated Seleucus I Nicator of the Seleucid Empire and other former generals of Alexander the Great
• Ashoka the Great (c. 304 BC–232 BC), Maurya King who conquered Kalinga
• Samudragupta (a.k.a. the Napoleon of India) (4th century), Gupta king who conquered over 20 Indian, Scythian and Kushan kingdoms
• Chandragupta II (a.k.a. Vikramaditya or Raghu) (4th century), Gupta king who conquered 21 Indian, Greek, Persian, Huna, Kamboja, Kirata and Transoxianan kingdoms

Israel

• Joshua (circa 1200 BC), led Hebrew forces against Amalek and Canaan.
• David (d. 965 BC), conquered an empire from Homs to Eilat
• Judas Maccabeus (d. 160 BC), leader of Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid Empire
• Jonathan Maccabeus (d. 143 BC)
• Simon Maccabeus (d. 132 BC), took part in the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid Empire led by his brothers. First prince of the Hasmonean Dynasty
• Simon Bar Kokhba (d. 135 AC), leader of the second Jewish rebellion against Rome

Korea

• King Dongmyeongseong (Founder of the Goguryeo Kingdom ;one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea)
• Myeongnim Dap-bu
• Eulji Mundeok (Goguryeo general)
• Gang Yi-sik
• Yeon Gaesomun (Goguryeo general)
• Yang Manchun (Goguryeo general)
• Gyebaek (Baekje general)
• Kim Yusin (Silla general)
• Won-Sul (Silla general, Kim Yusin's son)
• King Go (Founder of the Balhae Kingdom)
• Yi Jeonggi
• Jang Bogo
• Go Seonji

Mesopotamia

• Hammurabi King of Babylon conquered many native peoples
• Nebuchadrezzar II King of the Chaldeans and conqueror of Judah.
• Tiglath-Pileser III King of Assyria. Conqueror of Israel, Syria, other lands that became Assyria, force Judah to pay tribute.
• Sargon King of Akkad. Created strong Akkadian kingdom.
• Ben-hadad King of Aram. Often fought Israel and, on occasion, Judah.

Persia

• Cyrus the Great (590 BC–529 BC), king of Persia who conquered the Median Empire, Neo-Babylonian Empire, Lydian Empire and Asia Minor
• Darius I of Persia (Darius the Great) (549 BC–486 BC), conquered all the territories between Asia Minor, Egypt, northern Greece and the Danube
• Xerxes I of Persia (519 BC–465 BC), conqueror of several Greek cities, including the mighty Athens
• Artaphernes, Persian general, brother of Darius I
• Surena, Parthian general who defeated the Romans at the Battle of Carrhae despite being outnumbered four to one

Rome

• Fabius Maximus (275 BC–203 BC), Roman general remembered for intimidating Hannibal with a stalking technique still known today as Fabian strategy
• Scipio Africanus (Scipio Africanus Major) (235 BC–183 BC), defeated Hannibal at the Battle of Zama in Second Punic War)
• Lucius Aemilius Paullus, known as "Macedonicus" for subduing and annexing the Greek province of Macedonia
• Scipio Asiaticus (2nd century BC), he was a brother of Scipio Africanus Maior, he got his nickname "Asiaticus" when he defeated Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid Empire
• Titus Quinctius Flamininus (228 BC–174 BC), Roman general
• Scipio Aemilianus Africanus (Scipio Africanus Minor) (185 BC–129 BC), adopted grandson of Scipio Africanus, he was active during the Third Punic War
• Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus (d. 115 BC), Roman Consul, conqueror of Macedon
• Gaius Marius (157 BC–86 BC), Roman general, reorganized the Roman Legion
• Lucius Cornelius Sulla (138 BC–78 BC), Roman general and dictator
• Quintus Sertorius (122 BC–72 BC), Roman general
• Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (106 BC–48 BC), Roman general, Ceasars greatest rival and leader of the S.P.Q.R army during the civil war
• Julius Caesar (100 BC–44 BC), Roman military leader and dictator, conquered Gaul and defeated his rival Pompey in a civil war
• Mark Antony (83 BC–30 BC), Roman general and triumvir, served under Julius Caesar as his Master of Horse
• Augustus Caesar (63 BC–14 AD), the first Roman Emperor, successor of Julius Caesar, defeated Mark Antony in a civil war
• Marcus Agrippa (63 BC–12 BC), Roman general that was Augustus' leading general
• Trajan (53–117), Roman Emperor, extended the empire to its greatest extent
• Stilicho (359–408), a late Roman general
• Aurelian (215–275), Roman Emperor, Regain its power during the latter part of the third century and the beginning of the fourth
• Aëtius (396–454), Roman general, defeated Attila

Middle Ages

• Songtsen Gampo (Tibetan warrior king)
• Theodoric the Great (King of Ostrogoths and ruler of Italy)
• Topiltzin Ce Acatl Quetzalcoatl Toltec leader and conqueror
• Maharana Pratap Rana of Mewar
• George of Antioch (Sicilian admiral)
• Tran Hung Dao (Vietnamese Grand General, under his guidance, Vietnamese defeated the Mongols twice)
• Wolter von Plettenberg (Master of the Livonian Order)
• Hermann of Salza (Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights)
• Roger de Flor (leader of the Catalan Company)
• Władysław II Jagiełło (King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, winer of great battle with Teutonic Order Army - Grunwald 1410)
• Scanderbeg (Albanian prince and general against the Ottoman encroachement in Europe 1443-1468)
• Stephen the Great (Moldavia ruler)
• Jan Zizka (Commander of Taborite Army in Bohemia's Hussite Wars)
• John Hunyadi (vlach-hugnarian general, governor of Hungary)
• Nicholas Zrinski/Zrinyi (Croatian-Hungarian military leader)
• Lapu-Lapu (Datu in Mactan Island, Phils.)
• Milos Obilic (Serbian Knight who killed Turkish Sultan Murad I during the Battle of Kosovo)

Franks

• Clovis (First Christian King of the Franks)
• Charles Martel (Mayor of the Palace of the Kingdom of the Franks)
• Charlemagne (King of the Franks, and Holy Roman Emperor)

Chinese

• Yue Fei (Chinese general during the Southern Song Dynasty) known for his legendary tattoo saying Ultimate Loyalty, Serve your Country
• Han Shizhong (Chinese general during the Southern Song Dynasty) fought beside Yue Fei in the campaign to drive out the Jin Jurchen dynasty
• Zhu Yuanzhang (First Emperor of the Ming Dynasty) led the rebellion against the Mongol Yuan Dynasty

Korean

• Wang Geon (Founder of Goryeo Dynasty)
• Gang Jo
• Gang Gam-chan
• Yoon Gwan
• Jeong Jung-bu
• Gyeong Dae-seung
• Choe Chung-heon
• Choe U
• Choe Mu-seon
• Choe Yeong
• Yi Ja-chun
• Yi Seong-gye (Founder of Joseon Dynasty)
• Yi Jong Mu
• Yi Sun-shin (Korean Admiral) known for his innovation of the Turtle Ship
• Kwon Yul (Marshal of Korea)
• Gwak Jae-woo
• Kim Si-min
• Yi Eok-gi
• Won Gyun
• Sin Rip
• Gang Hong-rip
• Im Gyeong Eop (Korean General)
• Shin Ryu

Bulgarian

• Krum (Bulgarian Khan)
• Simeon the Great (Bulgarian Emperor)
• Samuil (Bulgarian Emperor)
• Ivan Asen I (Bulgarian Emperor)
• Kaloyan (Bulgarian Emperor)

Byzantine

• Belisarius - one of the most acclaimed generals in history, served during the reign of Justinian I
• Narses - general of Armenian origin, in service of Justinian I
• Mundus - Gepid general general under Justinian I
• Nicephorus Phocas the elder - Byzantine general, grandfather of later emperor and namesake
• Bardas Phokas the elder - Byzantine general and father of Nicephorus II
• Nicephorus II Phocas - Byzantine Emperor and successful general
• Basil II - Byzantine emperor, conquered Bulgaria, defeated Abbassids, annexed Armenia
• Basil Boiannes - Byzantine general and catepan of Italy
• George Maniaces - 11th century Byzantine general
• Nicephorus Botaniates - 11th century Byzantine general, later emperor
• Nicephorus Bryennius - 11th century Byzantine general
• Taticius - 11th century Byzantine general
• Alexios I Komnenos - Byzantine emperor and general
• John II Komnenos - Byzantine emperor
• Roussel de Bailleul - Norman mercenary in Byzantine service
• Michael Palaeologus - Byzantine general
• Alexios Strategopoulos - retook Constantinople from the Latin Empire.
• Alexios Philanthropenos - defeated the Turks in the 1290s.

Arabs

• Muhammad (Prophet of Islam)
• Battle of Badr
• Battle of Uhud
• Battle of the Trench
• Battle of Khaybar
• Conquest of Mecca
• Battle of Hunayn
• Siege of Ta'if
• Battle of Tabouk

Rashidun Caliphate Generals

• Abu Bakr (First Caliph of Islam)
• Umar ibn al Khattab (Second Caliph of Islam)
• Usman (Third Caliph of Islam)
• Ali ibn Abi Talib (Fourth Caliph of Islam)
• Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah- was Commander in Chief of the Rashidun army and the areas of Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine and Southern Turkey.He defeated the Byzantine army in the Battle of Maraj-al-Rome and Yarmouk.He appointed Khalid ibn al-Walid as commander of his Mobile guard.
• Amr ibn al-Aas- defeated Byzantine forces in Egypt, under Theodore at the Battle of Heliopolis and the subsequent capitulation of Alexandria in November 641, Arab troops had taken over what was Roman Egypt.Later he defeated Manuel at Battle of Nikiou.
• Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas- defeated the Persian Sassanid Empire at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah.
• Yazid ibn Abu Sufyan
• Muawiyah I - sacked Caesarea Mazaca in 647 AD,Salamis of Cyprus in 650 AD and re-invaded the island in 654 AD and taking Rhodes as well.His initial naval campaigns were very successful defeating the Roman navy off the coast of Lycia (655).
• Shurhabil ibn Hasana
• Qa'qa ibn Amr
• Abd-Allah ibn al-Zubayr - marched to Sbeitla,Tunisia, the capital of exarchate of Carthage, King Gregory. Gregory was defeated and killed in the Battle of Sufetula in 647.
• Zirrar ibn Azwar
• Walid ibn Uqba - quelled a rebellion in Azerbaijan
• Asim ibn Amr
• Hakam ibn Amr - conquered Makran in 644 after defeating Hindu King of Sind Raja Rasal at a battle near River Indus.
• Majasha ibn Masood - In 652, Balochistan (Iran) was re-conquered during the campaign against the revolt in Kermān.
• Abdul Rehman ibn Samrah - crushed a revolt in Zarang, Afghanistan.He conquered Kabul and Ghazni. At the same time another column moved towards the Quetta District in the north-western part of Balochistan (Pakistan) and in 654 conquered an area up to the ancient city of Dawar and Qandabil today known as Bolan.
• Abdullah ibn Aamir
• Khalid ibn al-Walid- won numerous battles for Arab Muslims in the Roman Syria,Roman Egypt and Persian fronts.He helped defeat the Byzantine forces at the Battle of Yarmouk.This battle is also considered to be one of Khalid ibn al-Walid's most decisive victories, and cemented his reputation as one of the greatest military strategists and cavalry commanders of the Medieval Ages.
• Abdullah ibn Saad - Tripolitania was taken, followed by Sufetula, 150 miles south of Carthage. Abdallah's booty-laden force returned to Egypt in 648 AD.He defeated Constans II at the Naval Battle of the Masts in 655 AD.
• Al-Ahnaf Ibn Qays - helped complete the conquest of Khurasan by bringing Tustar and Marwir-Rawdh into the fold of Muslim Arab Empire and pushed Yazdgerd III all the way to Merv in Turkmenistan where he died bringing the Persian Sassanian Imperial family to an end.
• Al-Nu'man ibn Muqarrin al-Muzani defeated the PersianYazdgerd III at the Battle of Nihawānd.

Umayyad Caliphate Generals

• Muawiyah I- Siege of Constantinople (674)- Muawiyah I, who had emerged as the ruling dynasty of the Arab empire following the civil war, besieged Constantinople under Constantine IV. In this battle, the Umayyads, unable to breach the Theodosian Walls, blockaded the city along the River Bosporus. The approach of winter forced the besiegers to withdraw to an island 80 miles away.
• Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf - crushed Ibn al-Zubair's revolt and helped reunite the Islamic Empire under the Umayyads.
• Muhammad ibn-Qasīm, who in 712 conquered Sindh after defeating Raja Dahir.
• Maslama bin Abdul-Malik
• Sulayman ibn Hisham
• Qutayba ibn Muslim - conquered Turkestan
• Abu al-Muhajir Dinar
• Kusaila
• Uqba ibn Nafi - responsible for Islamic conquest of the Maghreb, including present-day western Algeria and Morocco in North Africa. He was also the nephew of Amr ibn al-Aas
• Hasan ibn al-Nu'man - He captured Carthage after defeating Ioannes the Patrician and Tiberios III at the Battle of Carthage in 698 CE. and advanced into the Atlas Mountains.
• Musa ibn Nusayr conquest of North Africa (Ifriqiya).
• Tariq ibn Ziyad conquered Al-Andalus(Spain) at the Battle of Guadalete.
• Al-Djarrah ibn Abdullah
• Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi

Abbasid Caliphate Generals

• As-Saffah - established the Abbasid empire after defeating the Umayyads at Battle of the Zab in 750.
• Ziyad ibn Salih - defeated the Chinese Tang Dynasty at the Battle of Talas in 751 and took control of Syr Darya(Central Asia).
• Abu Muslim Khorasani
• Asad ibn al-Furat - conquest of Sicily.

Mashriq Muslim Dynasties Generals

Zengid dynasty 1127-1250

• Imad ad-Din Zengi- In 1144 took the crusader County of Edessa (see Siege of Edessa)
• Nur ad-Din Zengi- defeated the second crusade and destroyed the crusader army at the Battle of Inab killing Raymond of Antioch in 1149

Ayyubid dynasty 1171-1246

• Saladin
• Al-Adil I
• Al-Afdal
• Al-Kamil
• As-Salih Ayyub

Mamluks 1250-1517

• Saif ad-Din Qutuz - defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut in 1260.
• Baybars I - defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut in 1260.He fought a large crusader army and defeated it at the Battle of La Forbie.He also fought the Battle of al Mansurah during the seventh crusade.Fought and defeated the 7th,8th and 9th Crusades.
• Faris ad-Din Aktai
• Saif al-Din Qalawun - fought Abaqa Khan's army under Möngke Temur in the Second Battle of Homs and defeated him in 1281.
• Al-Ashraf Khalil - took the last crusader city of Acre ending the crusader kingdoms in 1291 CE.
• Al-Nasir Muhammad
• Baybars II - defeated Kutlushah sent by Ghazan at the Battle of Shaqhab in 1303 between Mongols and Mamluks.

Afghan Generals

Ghaznavid empire

• Mahmud of Ghazni

GhuridsSultanate

• Muhammad of Ghor- defeated Prithviraj Chauhan at the Second Battle of Tarain.He also conquered the Ghaznavid empire and extended his territory up to Lahore.Upon his death, Qutb-ud-din Aybak, Muhammad Ghori's most capable general, took control of Muhammad's Indian conquests and declared himself the first Sultan of Delhi thus establishing Sultanate of Delhi.

Durrani Empire

• Ahmad Shah Abdali - defeated the Maratha Empire at the Battle of Panipat (1761).He established The Durrani Empire which was a large state that included territories within modern Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Khorasan province of Iran and a smaller section of western India.

Turkic Muslim Generals

Seljuks

• Toğrül Beg - defeated the Ghaznavid Empire at The Battle of Dandanaqan and conquered Khorasan in 1040 CE.
• Alp Arslan - defeated the Byzantine Empire and captured Emperor Romanos IV at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 preparing the way for the Turkish settlement in Anatolia.
• Kilij Arslan I

Ortoqids

• Sokman ibn Artuq - defeated the crusaders at the Battle of Harran
• Najm ad-Din Ilghazi ibn Artuq - defeated Roger of Salerno at the Battle of Ager Sanguinis in 1119.

Danishmends

• Danishmend Gazi

Ottoman

• Murad I - defeated Lazar of Serbia at the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 CE.
• Bayezid I - defeated Allied Europe at the Battle of Nicopolis in 1396 CE.
• Murad II - took Thessaloniki, from the Venetians in 1423 CE.He defeated Władysław III of Poland and János Hunyadi at The Battle of Varna in 1444 CE and Battle of Kosovo (1448).
• Mehmed II- he conquered Constantinople, bringing an end to the medieval Byzantine Empire in 1453 CE.
• Gedik Ahmet Pasha - conquered the Principality of Theodoro and Genoese colonies in Cembalo, Soldaia, and Caffa in 1475 CE
• Kemal Reis - defeated the Venetians first at Battle of Zonchio in 1499 CE and at Battle of Modon in 1500 CE.
• Selim I - marched to Iran in 1514 CE and defeated Shah Ismail at the Battle of Chaldiran.He attacked and destroyed the Mamluk Sultanate at the Battle of Marj Dabiq and Battle of Ridanieh in 1517 CE.
• Suleiman the Magnificent- Belgrade fell in August 1521 CE.He defeated Louis II of Hungary at the Battle of Mohács in 1526 CE.He also defeated Habsburg Monarchy at the Battle of Szigetvár in 1566 CE.
• Hayreddin Barbarossa - In February 1538, Pope Paul III succeeded in assembling a Holy League (comprising the Papacy, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, the Republic of Venice and the Maltese Knights) against the Ottomans, but Barbarossa defeated its combined fleet, commanded by Andrea Doria, at the Battle of Preveza.
• Piyale Pasha - defeated the Holy League at Battle of Djerba in 1560 CE.
• Mehmed III's armies conquered Erlau and defeated the Habsburg and Transylvanian forces at the Battle of Mezőkeresztes in 1596 CE.
• Murad IV captured Baghdad in 1638 CE.
• Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha - conquered Heraklion and ended the Cretan War (1645–1669).
• Baltacı Mehmet Paşa - won a major victory at the Battle of Prut against the Russians in 1710-1711 CE.
• Silahdar Damat Ali Pasha - conquered the Morea in the Turkish-Venetian War (1714–1718).
• Mahmud Dramali Pasha - fought in the Greek War of Independence.
• Reşid Mehmed Pasha - fought in the Greek War of Independence and the Egyptian-Ottoman War.
• Omar Pasha - fought in the Crimean War.
• Mustafa Kemal Atatürk - defeated Allies of World War I at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915 CE.

Norman

• King William I of England (Duke of Normandy, which was known as William the Bastard before known as William the Conqueror)
• Robert of Selby (Anglo-Norman general in the service of Sicily)
• Robert Guiscard (Norman conqueror of Naples and S. Sicily)

Crusades

• Godfrey of Bouillon (leader of the First Crusade)
• Baldwin of Boulogne (leader of the First Crusade)
• Baldwin of Bourcq (leader of the First Crusade)
• Bohemond of Taranto (leader of the First Crusade)
• Tancred (leader of the First Crusade)
• Raymond IV of Toulouse (leader of the First Crusade)
• Stephen, Count of Blois (leader of the First Crusade)
• Hugh of Payens (founder of the Knights Templar)
• Frederick Barbarossa (Holy Roman Emperor and Crusader)
• Raymond III of Tripoli (Crusader general)
• Raynald of Chatillon (Crusader general)
• Gerard de Ridefort (Grand Master of the Knights Templar)
• Jobert of Syria (Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller)
• Roger de Moulins (Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller)
• Richard I of England (King of England, often referred as Richard the Lionhearted, known for his participation in the Third Crusade)
• Boniface of Montferrat (leader of the Fourth Crusade)
• Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (leader of the Fifth Crusade and Sixth Crusade)
• Louis IX of France (leader of the Seventh Crusade and Eighth Crusade)

Indian

• Lalitaditya Muktapida (8th century), Kashmiri king who conquered a number of Indian, Uttarakuru, Kamboja, Turkic, Tocharian, Tibetan and Dardic kingdoms
• Devapala (9th century), Bengali Pala king who conquered the Northern Indian, North-East Indian, Andhra Pradesh, Huna and Kamboja kingdoms
• Rajendra Chola I (11th century), Tamil Chola king and naval commander who conquered the Pala Empire, Srivijaya Empire, Sri Lanka, and the Chalukya, Rashtrakuta and Pandya dynasties
• Zafar Khan (13th century), Muslim Indian general who defeated invaders from the Mongol Empire
• Alauddin Khilji
• Zāhir ud-Dīn Mohammad Babur - conquered India at the Battle of Panipat (1526) and established the Mughal Empire
• Sher Shah Suri - In 1539, he was able to defeat Humayun in the Battle of Chausa. Again in 1540, he defeated Humayun in the Battle of Kannauj, and went on to capture Delhi and Agra.
• Akbar the Great - defeated the Hindu leader Hemu at the Battle of Panipat (1556)
• Maharana Pratap (a.k.a. Pratap Singh, Maharana of Mewar) (1540-1597), was a ruler of Mewar. On June 21, 1576 who fought the great Battle of Haldighati
• Aurangzeb
• Guru Gobind Singh (22 December 1666 – 7 October 1708), was the tenth Guru of the Sikhs. He was a warrior, a poet, and a spiritual leader, who fought 11 battles with the Mughals and their Rajput alliances
• Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Sikh king of the sovereign country of Punjab and the Sikh Empire
• Tipu Sultan, The Tiger of Mysore fought the Anglo-Mysore Wars
• Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj(a.k.a. Shivaji Raje Bhosle) (1627-1680), Maratha king who was the founder of Maratha empire in western India in 1674 CE.

Japanese

• Minamoto no Yoshitsune (Japanese general whose decisive victories brought down the Taira clan during the Genpei War)
• Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582) (Japanese daimyo during the Sengoku period of Japan. The first of the three unifiers of Japan.)
• Toyotomi Hideyoshi (Japanese general, he seized control over Japan after the death of Oda Nobunaga)
• Tokugawa Ieyasu (daimyo, the first to unite the whole Japan and a founder of a shogunate that lasted over 250 years)
• Takeda Shingen (Japanese daimyo during the Sengoku period of Japan. Known for the famous phrase "Swift as the Wind, Silent as a Forest, Fierce as Fire and Immovable as a Mountain" on his standard; demonstrating his political and military strategies.)
• Sanada Yukimura (Japanese general during the Sengoku period of Japan and retainer to Takeda Shingen; praised as "A Hero who may appear once in hundred years" and "crimson demon of war". In legend, he is the leader of the Sanada Ten Braves.)
• Uesugi Kenshin (Japanese daimyo during the Sengoku period Japan. Known as the "Dragon of Echigo for his prowess on the battlefield, he was considered as the primary rival of Takeda Shingen.)

Mongols

• Genghis Khan (Great Khan of the Mongols, also known as Temüjin)
• Ögedei Khan (Second Great Khan of the Mongols)
• Muqali (General, commanded Mongols campaigns in Manchuria)
• Subutai Bahadur (General and childhood friend of Genghis Khan)
• Jebe Noyon (General, participated in campaigns in Central Asia and Russia)
• Batu Khan (Mongolian conqueror of Eastern Europe and first Khan of the Golden Horde)
• Berke (Khan of the Golden Horde)
• Hulagu (Khan of the Ilkhanate)
• Kitbuqa (General of the Ilkhanate, defeated in the Battle of Ain Jalut)
• Burundai (General of the Golden Horde)
• Nogai Khan (General and kingmaker of the Golden Horde)
• Kublai Khan (Fifth Great Khan of the Mongols, conqueror of China)
• Mamai (General and kingmaker of the Golden Horde)
• Tokhtamysh (Khan of the Golden Horde)
• Ghazan
• Tughlugh Timur
• Timur

Vietnam

• Tran Hung Dao, general during the Trần Dynasty. Lead the armies that twice repelled Mongol invasions of Vietnam.
• Le Loi, A military commander and founder of the le dynasty, he is among the most famous figures from the medieval period of Vietnamese history and one of its greatest heroes.

Russian

• Alexander Nevsky (Prince of Novgorod, Grand Prince of Vladimir, saint and national hero of Russia)
• Dovmont of Pskov and Vladimir the Bold, highly successful Russian military leaders
• Ivan III Ivan the Great
• Ivan IV Ivan the Terrible
• Tsar Nicholas Tsar Nicholas I and II.

English

• Edward I of England (known as the Hammer of the Scots)
• Edward III of England (English King in the Hundred Years' War)
• Edward the Black Prince, heir to the throne of England, and general who defeated French trooper during Battle of Poitiers
• King Henry V of England, a seasoned warrior at the age of sixteen
• Henry VII of England was the first monarch of the Tudor dynasty. Henry's forces decisively defeated the Yorkist army under Richard III of England at the Battle of Bosworth Field.
• Oliver Cromwell Controversial English military and political leader

Scottish

• William Wallace (Scottish Knight and freedom fighter)
• Robert the Bruce (Scottish King and freedom fighter)

Irish

• Hugh O'Neill, 3rd earl of Tyrone (Irish nobleman and general, commander of Irish army in the 9 years war)
• Hugh Dubh O'Neill (commander of Irish forces in the Irish Confeferate Army)

French

• Du Guesclin (Breton knight and Constable of France)
• Joan of Arc (National heroine of France and saint of the Catholic Church)

Spanish

• Aben Humeya
• Abo Hafs Omer Al-Baloty
• El Cid (Spanish knight and hero)
• Gonzalo Fernandez de Cordoba (Spanish general)
• Don John of Austria (Spanish admiral)
• Pelayo
• Umar ibn Hafsun

Modern Era

Early Modern Era

• Nadir Shah, Iran
• Hernán Cortés (Spanish conquistador)
• Konstanty Ostrogski
• Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba (Warrior Queen of the Mbundu people; kept Portugal at bay)
• Shivaji (Ruler of the Maratha empire)
• Bajirao I (Peshwa of the Maratha Empire)
• Madhavrao I Scindia (Shinde of Gwalior)
• Sir Walter Raleigh (English Admiral under Queen Elizabeth I)
• Francisco Pizarro (Spanish conquistador, conquered the Inca)
• Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky
• Louis II de Condé
• Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne
• Koxinga (Ming general, took over Taiwan)
• Jan Zamojski
• Stefan Batory (King of Poland)
• Jan Karol Chodkiewicz
• Stanisław Żółkiewski (polish magnate and hetman, captured Moscow)
• John III Sobieski (King of Poland, commander in Battle of Vienna and wars with Turkey)
• Prince Eugene of Savoy (Austria)
• Maurice, comte de Saxe (France)
• Oliver Cromwell (English Civil War)
• Gustavus Adolphus (Swedish King in the Thirty Years' War)
• Albrecht von Wallenstein (general in the Thirty Years' War)
• Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly (general in the Thirty Year's War)
• Louis of Nassau, brother of William the Silent commander in the Eighty Years' War
• Charles de Héraugière, the Eighty Years' War commander of a special force, which conquered Breda in a "Trojan Horse" action.
• Ernst Casimir van Nassau-Dietz military commander in the Eighty Years' War, Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe for the Dutch Republic
• Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, overall commander of the Dutch forces (Captain and Admiral-General) in the Eighty Years' War for the Dutch Republic
• Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange,Stadtholder, military commander in the Eighty Years' War for the Dutch Republic
• Hendrik Casimir I van Nassau-Dietz, military commander in the Eighty Years' War, Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe
• Piet Pieterszoon Hein, vice-admiral and admiral during the Eighty Years' War
• Maarten Tromp, Admiral during the Eighty Years' War and the First Anglo-Dutch War
• Michiel de Ruyter, The Netherlands (admiral in the First Anglo-Dutch War, the Second Anglo-Dutch War, the Third Anglo-Dutch War and the Franco-Dutch War
• Heino Heinrich Graf von Flemming (Austria)
• Duke of Marlborough (War of the Spanish Succession)
• Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim
• Alexander Menshikov
• Charles XII of Sweden
• Peter The Great (Great Northern War)
• Frederick II of Prussia
• Peter Rumyantsev
• Alexander Suvorov
• Feodor Ushakov
• George Washington
• John Stark (Victor at the Battle of Bennington)
• Napoleon Bonaparte (Emperor of the French)
• Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood
• Jean Baptiste Bessieres
• Jean Baptiste Bernadotte
• Joachim Murat
• Louis Nicolas Davout
• Louis Alexandre Berthier
• Michel Ney
• Jean Lannes
• Auguste Marmont
• Laurent, Marquis de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
• Nicolas Oudinot
• Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult
• Guillaume Brune
• Jean Baptiste Jourdan
• André Masséna
• Louis Gabriel Suchet
• Jozef Poniatowski (Prince of Grand Duchy of Warsaw, Marschal of France)
• Jose de San Martin (Argentine General. Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru)
• Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov
• Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
• Horatio Nelson British Navy Officer (late 1700 to 1805)
• Isaac Brock (British major general in Canada during War of 1812)
• François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie
• Victor-Maurice, comte de Broglie
• Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher
• Peter Wittgenstein
• Petr Bagration
• Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly (Russian Field Marshal)
• Andres Bonifacio (Katipunero)
• Shaka (changed the Zulu tribe from a small clan into a nation)
• Sir George Howard (UK)
• Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov (Caucasian wars)
• Simón Bolívar (South American nationalist and general)
• Giuseppe Garibaldi (South American and Italian independence wars general)
• Zuo Zongtang (Chinese general)
• Zeng Guofan (Chinese military commander)
• Li Hongzhang (Chinese general)
• Winfield Scott (Mexican-American War)
• P.G.T. Beauregard (US Civil War)
• David Farragut (US Civil War)
• Robert E. Lee (US Civil War)
• Ulysses S. Grant (US Civil War)
• Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson (US Civil War)
• William Tecumseh Sherman (US Civil War)
• George McClellan (US Civil War)
• George Meade (US Civil War)
• A.E. Burnside (US Civil War)
• Beverly Robertson (US Civil War)
• Braxton Bragg (US Civil War)
• Joseph E. Johnston (US Civil War)
• George Pickett (US Civil War)
• Henry Jackson Hunt (US Civil War)
• Phillip H. Sheridan (US Civil War)
• James Longstreet (US Civil War)
• Joseph Gilbert Totten (US Civil War)
• Thomas Francis Meagher (US Civil War)
• Sir Harry Smith (UK)
• Pavel Nakhimov (Crimean War)
• Mikhail Skobelev (Russo-Turkish and Central Asian wars)
• Joseph Gurko (Bulgarian war)
• Pancho Villa (Mexican Revolutionary)
• Horatio Kitchener
• Yuan Shikai (China)
• Yamagata Aritomo (Japan)
• Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (Balkan Wars, WWI Turkey)
• Douglas Haig (WWI UK)
• Aleksei Brusilov (WWI Russia)
• Ferdinand Foch (WWI France)
• Erich Ludendorff (WWI Germany)
• Paul Erich von Lettow-Vorbeck (WWI Germany, never defeated, lead campaign in East Africa)
• Paul von Hindenburg (WWI Germany)
• Vladimir Vazov (WW1 Bulgaria, never defeated; defeated superior Anglo-Greek forces at Doiran)
• John Monash (WW1 Australia)
• Arthur Currie (WWI Canada)
• John J. Pershing (WWI US)
• Erich von Falkenhayn (WWI Germany)
• William S. Harney (US)
• Sterling Price (US Civil War)
• Hermann von François (German general, World War I)
• Helmuth von Moltke (Prussian/German general, Franco-Prussian War)
• Patrice MacMahon (Marshal of France, Franco-Prussian War)
• Michael Collins (Irish War of Independence)
• Emilio Aguinaldo (First Philippine President, Philippine-Spanish War)
• Macario Sakay (Filipino General, 80 years of rebellion against Spain)
• Gabriela Silang (Filipina Revolutionary Leader)
• Baibars (Mamluke General)
• Ghazi Osman Pasha (Ottoman hero of the Siege of Pleven in the Russo Turkish War)
• Miguel Primo de Rivera (Captain General in the Third Rif War)
• Osman Digna (Sudan)

World War II - Present

• Adan, Abraham (1947-1973 Israel)
• Anders, Wladyslaw (WWII Poland)
• Alexander, Harold (WWII, UK)
• Auchinleck, Claude (WWII UK)
• Biao, Lin (WWII, China)
• Blamey, Thomas (WWII, Australia)
• Buckner Jr., Simon Bolivar (WWII, US)
• Bradley, Omar (WWII, US)
• Lord Alan Brooke (WWII, UK)
• K.M. Cariappa (WWII & 1st Indo-Pak War 1948, India)
• Castro, Fidel (1950s Cuba)
• Chuikov, Vasily (WWII Soviet Union)
• Clark, Mark (WWII US)
• Michael O'Moore Creagh (WWII UK)
• De Wiart, Adrian Carton (WWII UK)
• Crerar, Henry Duncan Graham (Canada's leading general during WWII)
• Cunningham, Alan Gordon (WWII UK)
• Cunningham , Andrew Brown (WWII UK)
• Dayan, Moshe (Israel)
• (WWII, Chinese Civil War and Korean War, China)
• Dempsey, Miles (WWII UK)
• Dumitrescu, Petre (WWII Romania)
• De, Zhu (Chinese communist revolutionary leader)
• Eisenhower, Dwight (WWII US)
• Franks, Tommy (Iraq US)
• Simon Fraser| Fraser, Simon (WWII UK)
• Freyberg, Bernard (WWI WWII NZ)
• Goering, Hermann (WWI WWII Germany)
• Gott, William (WWII UK)
• Giap, Vo Nguyen (First Indochina War and Vietnam War, Vietnam)
• Guevara, Che (1950s Cuba)
• Graziani, Rodolfo (WWII Italy)
• De Gaulle, Charles (WWII France)
• Guderian, Heinz (WWII Germany)
• Hitler, Adolf (WWII Germany)
• Horrocks, Brian (WWII UK)
• Kesselring, Albert (WWII Germany)
• Koenig, Marie Pierre (WWII France)
• Konev, Ivan (WWII Soviet Union)
• Krueger, Walter (WWII US)
• de Lattre de Tassigny, Jean (WWII France)
• Leclerc, Philippe (France WWII)
• Leese, Oliver (WWII UK)
• MacArthur, Douglas (WWII and Korea, US)
• Maczek, Stanislaw (WWII Poland)
• McNaughton, Andrew (WWI, WWII Canada)
• Manekshaw, Sam (3rd Indo-Pak War 1971, India)
• Mannerheim, Carl Gustaf Emil (Winter War and WWII Finland)
• Massoud, Ahmad Shah (1979-2001 Afghanistan)
• Ushijima, Mitsuru (WWII Japan)
• Model, Walther (WWII Germany)
• Field Marshal Montgomery (WWII UK)
• Morshead, Leslie (WW II Australia)
• Mountbatten, Louis (WWII UK)
• Mukhtar, Omar (Libyan freedom fighter who fought against the Italians from 1911 to 1931)
• Prince Higashikuni Naruhiko (WWII Japan)
• Nimitz, Chester (WWII US Navy)
• O'Connor, Richard (WWII UK)
• Papagos, Alexandros (WWII Greece)
• Patton, George (WWII US)
• Paulus, Friedrich (WWII Germany)
• Petraus, David (Iraq US)
• Powell, Colin (Persian Gulf US)
• "Chesty" Puller (WWII US Marines)
• Rabin, Yitzhak (Israel)
• Ramos, Fidel (Korean War)
• Ridgway, Matthew (WWII and Korea, US)
• Ritchie, Neil (WWII UK)
• Rokossovsky, Konstantin (WWII Soviet Union)
• Rommel, Erwin (WWII Nazi Germany)
• von Rundstedt, Gerd (WWII Germany)
• von Manstein, Erich (WWII Germany)
• Stane, Franc Rozman (WWII Slovene partisans)
• Singh , Arjan (2nd Indo-Pak War 1965,India)
• William Slim| (WWII UK)
• Sharon, Ariel (Israel)
• Schlemm, Alfred (WWII Germany)
• Spruance, Raymond (WWII US Navy)
• Student, Kurt (WWII Germany)
• Mihailović, Dragoljub "Draža" (WWII General of Serbian Royalists)