He was born in 1658.
Van Cortlandt purchased a parcel of land in what is now Van Cortlandt Park in Bronx, New York from John Barrett, after his father, Samuel Barrett, died around 1691. At that time, the plantation was then considered Yonkers. Jacobus' son Frederick Van Cortlandt built the Van Cortlandt House.
He died in 1739.
Jacobus' grandson was John Jay, a Founding Father and first Chief Justice of the United States. Another grandson, Augustus Van Cortlandt, was a City Clerk.