He participated in two Grands Prix, debuting on May 12, 1974, scoring no championship points. He drove Brabham BT42s for Scuderia Finotto.

Before focusing on circuit racing, Larrousse won the French Rally Championship with an Alpine A110. His biggest successes in international rallies came in a Porsche 911. He won the Tour de Corse in 1969, and placed second at the Monte Carlo Rally in 1969, 1970 and 1972. On gravel, he achieved a sixth place at the 1970 RAC Rally.

In a team with Vic Elford in 1971, Larrousse won the 12 Hours of Sebring with a Porsche 917K and the 1000km Nürburgring in a Porsche 908/03. He would follow this with victory at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1973 and 1974 alongside Henri Pescarolo for Matra-Simca.

Following his sports car career, he moved into racing management. Ultimately, Larrousse managed the original factory Renault Formula One team during its final days as a full fledged factory team in 1984/5 (the current Renault F1 team was created when the company purchased the Benetton Formula team in 2001). Larrousse also shared ownership of a Formula One team with various partners, and under various names, from 1987 to 1994.

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