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Futsal

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Wikipedia

Futsal is an indoor version of association football. Its name is derived from the Portuguese futebol de salão and the Spanish fútbol sala/de salón, which can be translated as 'indoor football'.

Futsal is played between two teams of five players, one of whom is the goalkeeper. In addition each team may have 7 substitutes. Unlike some other forms of indoor football, the court is delimited by lines, and not walls or boards that players can use to rebound the ball. Futsal is played with a smaller ball with less bounce than a football. The emphasis is on improvisation, creativity and technique.

Other forms of indoor football games, which are played by somewhat different rules, exist and may be referred to as indoor football, five-a-side football or indoor soccer. Those games predate the formulation of official (FIFA) rules of futsal.

History of futsal

Futsal traced back to 1930 in Montevideo, Uruguay, the same year the inaugural World Cup was held in the country. This early form of futbol Sala (futsal) was developed by Juan Carlos Ceriani to be played at YMCAs. Ceriani's game was designed for five players per team, and could be played indoors or outdoors. At around the same time, a similar form of football played on basketball courts was being developed in São Paulo, Brazil. These new forms of football were quickly adopted throughout South America.. The Brazilian Confederation of Sport instituted its first official rules for futebol de salão in 1958.

The international governing body FIFUSA (Federación Internacional de Fútbol de Salón, International Futsal Federation) was created in 1971 to administer the game, and held its first futsal world championship in São Paulo in 1982. Due to an apparent dispute with FIFA over the administration of fútbol, FIFUSA coined the word fut-sal in 1985, while the United States Futsal Federation coined the name "Futsal" the same year.

FIFA soon began to administer its own indoor football games, creating its own version of the rules and hosting its first FIFA Indoor Soccer World Championship in 1989 in Rotterdam, Netherlands, in 1992 it was the FIFA Five-a-Side World Championship (Hong Kong) and since 1996 it has been called the FIFA Futsal World Championship (Guatemala). One of the most remarkable changes was the reduction of the ball weight and increase in ball size (from a handball size to a football size 4), which enabled faster play and, for the first time, scoring goals with the head (though this is still difficult and uncommon).

In 2002, members of PANAFUTSAL (La Confederación Panamericana de Futsal, The Pan-American Futsal Confederation) formed AMF (Asociación Mundial de Fútbol de Salón, World Futsal Association), an international futsal governing body independent of FIFA. Both FIFA and AMF continue to administer the game.

Some professional players start out with futsal to build fundamental skills. Brazilian players Ronaldinho, Robinho, Ronaldo, Rivaldo, Juninho, R.Oxley and many more started out playing futsal. In Brazil, the majority of children start out with Futsal rather than association football since it requires less space and many schools in the country do not have a field to play traditional association football. There are also some notable players like Falcão who continue to play futsal at the club level. Iranian Vahid Shamsaie has scored the most goals in futsal history. He has helped Iran win every AFC futsal championship except one.

Rules

As international governing bodies of futsal, FIFA and AMF are responsible for maintaining and promulgating the official rules of their respective versions of futsal. Like football, futsal has 'laws' that define all aspects of the game, including what may be changed to suit local competitions and leagues.

FIFA Futsal Laws of the Game
AMF Futsal Rules of the Game (in English and Spanish)
Key Differences between Futsal and UK-style Five-a-side football

Major international competitions

1971 - 2002 : FIFUSA World Futsal Championships

1982 in São Paulo, Brazil. Winner: Brazil. Runner-Up: Paraguay.
1985 in Madrid, Spain. Winner: Brazil. Runner-Up: Spain.
1988 in Australia. Winner: Paraguay. Runner-Up: Brazil.
1991 in Italy. Winner: Portugal. Runner-Up: Paraguay.
1994 in Argentina. Winner: Argentina. Runner-Up: Colombia.
1997 in Mexico. Winner: Venezuela. Runner-Up: Uruguay.
2000 in Bolivia. Winner: Colombia. Runner-Up: Bolivia.

Since 2002 : AMF World Futsal Championships

2003 in Asunción, Paraguay. Winner: Paraguay. Runner-Up: Colombia.
2007 in Mendoza, Argentina. Winner: Paraguay. Runner-Up: Argentina.

Since 1989 : FIFA Futsal World Cups

1989 (in Rotterdam, Netherlands). Winner: Brazil. Runner-Up: Netherlands. 3rd: USA. 4th: Belgium.
1992 (in Hong Kong). Winner: Brazil. Runner-Up: USA. 3rd: Spain. 4th: Iran.
1996 (in Barcelona, Spain). Winner: Brazil. Runner-Up: Spain. 3rd: Russia. 4th: Ukraine.
2000 (in Guatemala City, Guatemala). Winner: Spain. Runner-Up: Brazil. 3rd: Portugal. 4th: Russia.
2004 (in Taiwan). Winner: Spain. Runner-Up: Italy. 3rd: Brazil. 4th: Colombia.

2007 Only: Pan American Games

2007 (in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Winner: Brazil. Runner-Up: Argentina. 3rd: Paraguay. It was the first time the sport was played in a Pan American Games mainly because the event was held in Brazil. It will not be played in Guadalajara 2011.