Extermination is the act of killing or murdering with the intention of eradicating demographics within a population.

• When applied to humans, the term genocide is more often used. However, extermination is categorized in international criminal law as a crime against humanity which is separate from genocide.
• Extermination of insects or vermin relates to the field of pest control. The term is not preferred by pest control practitioners.
• In the popular British television show Doctor Who, "Exterminate!" (usually pronounced "EX-TER-MIN-ATE", with each syllable heavily emphasised), is the battle cry of the Daleks. It is also the Daleks' intention to exterminate every other form of life in the universe.
• Extermination (video game), a Playstation 2 game made by Sony Computer Entertainment.
• Exterminate! (song), a song by Snap!.