Dominique Mbonyumutwa (died July 26, 1986) was a Rwandan politician. He served as the first (provisional) President of Rwanda, from January 28 to October 26, 1961, immediately following the abolition of the Rwandan monarchy when King Kigeri V of Rwanda was visiting other nations while conducting international relations.

Mbonyumutwa was of Hutu ethnicity. He was succeeded as president by Grégoire Kayibanda. He died in 1986.