Degrassi: The Next Generation is a Canadian teen drama television series, set in the Degrassi fictional universe created by Linda Schuyler and Kit Hood in 1980. Degrassi: The Next Generation is the fourth fictional series in the Degrassi franchise, following The Kids of Degrassi Street, Degrassi Junior High, and Degrassi High. Like its predecessors, Degrassi: The Next Generation follows a group of students attending Degrassi Community School who face challenges common to teen life, such as self image, peer pressure, child abuse, sexual identity, self-injury, school shootings, teenage pregnancy and drug abuse. The series was created by Linda Schuyler and Yan Moore, is produced by Epitome Pictures in association with CTVglobemedia, and distributed by Alliance Atlantis. The current executive producers are Schuyler and her husband Stephen Stohn, and Brendon Yorke. The executive creative consultant is James Hurst. Jody Colero is the music supervisor and selects all the music for the show, and Jim McGrath composes the music score. It is filmed at Epitome's studios in Toronto, Ontario, rather than on the real De Grassi Street from which the franchise takes its name.
The pilot episode, "Mother and Child Reunion", premiered on 14 October 2001 on CTV, a Canadian terrestrial television network. The series has has a large fan-base in the United States, where it is broadcast on the cable television network The N. The current season, season eight, premiered on 5 October 2008. As of 10 October 2008, 145 episodes have aired. A critical and popular success, Degrassi: The Next Generation is often the most-watched domestic drama series in Canada, and the highest-rated show on The N. In 2004, one episode received just under one million Canadian viewers and over half a million U.S. viewers. The series has won numerous awards, including nine Gemini Awards, two Teen Choice Awards and five Directors Guild of Canada Awards. Degrassi: The Next Generation's success has led to related miniseries and webisodes, and tie-in merchandise, including soundtrack CDs, an encyclopedic guidebook, graphic novels, and a podcast.
Schuyler and original Degrassi series head writer Yan Moore were developing a new television drama in 1999. As the months passed, they slowly started planning what had happened to the characters of Degrassi High in order to develop a reunion-themed show. However, the two decided that a series would not work effectively if it was based around adults instead of children. Moore realized that the character Emma Nelson, born at the end of Degrassi Junior High's second season, would soon be entering junior high school, and development for the series took a new direction by being focused around Emma as a main character and what her school experiences would include.
Stephen Stohn, Schuyler's husband suggested Degrassi: The Next Generation as the name for the new sequel series, borrowing the concept from Star Trek: The Next Generation, of which he was a fan, and the project was pitched to CTV in May 2000, with the originally planned reunion episode serving as the pilot to the new series.
The Degrassi: The Next Generation opening sequence follows a two to three minute cold open. During the first five seasons these credits showed the characters on the school premises and followed a mini storyline. Seasons six and seven featured titles with the actors breaking the fourth wall and facing on the camera, over a montage of character videos from past seasons (with the exception of Adamo Ruggiero), saturated with blue colour and gold outlines (school colors). The montages behind the characters depicting a major event in that character's storyline. For the eighth season, the show abandoned the style of titles used for the previous two seasons and returned to the original form of showing the characters at school while participating in school-related activities.
The theme music, "Whatever it Takes", was written by Jim McGrath, Jody Colero and Stephen Stohn. McGrath composed the music, and Colero and Stohn wrote the lyrics which include the lines, "Whatever it takes, I know I can make it through/Be the best, the best I can be", to convey a "sense of joy and optimism". Lisa Dalbello performed the lyrics with a children's choir over an 80s pop music style tune during the first three seasons. Dave Ogilvie and Anthony Valcic of Canadian industrial/pop group Jakalope reworked and performed the song with a heavier sound, reflecting the growing maturity of the characters in season four. For seasons six and seven, the theme—still performed by Jakalope—was remixed and stripped of vocals. A fourth version of the theme song (with lyrics worked back in) was introduced for the eighth season.
D:TNG features a mix of original emo, alternative rock and pop music. Popular songs are used sparingly in the series, mainly because of budget constraints. Instead, music supervisor Jody Colero selects songs from little-known, unsigned Canadian artists. These songs are included pursuant to action in the show. For example, well-known songs are played during Ashley's party in the first season episode "Jagged Little Pill" and at the wedding reception in the fifth season episode "Weddings, Parties, Anything", and at the party scene in the seventh season episode "Everything She Wants".
Some well-known Canadian and American bands whose songs have featured on the show include: Stars (band), The Academy Is..., Paramore, Paper Moon, Taking Back Sunday, Alexisonfire, The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus, Tuuli, Hellogoodbye, Army of Me (band), Two Hours Traffic, La Casa Azul, Natasha Bedingfield, The Trews, Jakalope, Skye Sweetnam, All Time Low, among others.
Producers of Degrassi Junior High used Vincent Massey Public School, then known as Daisy Avenue Public School, as their main filming location, and Centennial College was used for Degrassi High. D:TNG, however, is filmed mostly in studios. The exterior of Degrassi Community School is located on the studio's backlot, and uses the same colours and glass pattern as Degrassi High's Centennial College. The school exterior also features a "hoarding area", where students gather, and a bus stop across the road. The backlot is also used for exterior shots of the characters' houses, which are actually the same unit dressed differently for each house, and The Dot Grill. The building for The Dot is the only one on the backlot big enough to allow filming inside; scenes taking places inside the school and house interiors are filmed on one of four soundstages.
Stage A holds the sets for the university house, an interior house set used in Instant Star, and the school's hallways, washrooms, cafeteria and classroom. The hallways are stenciled with phrases such as "the perfect human being is all human", found at the Etobicoke School for the Arts, one of the schools used for research. The washroom set has graffiti on the walls to look authentic, and is used for the girls' and boys' room; urinals are installed and removed as needed. The set used for the cafeteria is "purposefully bland to take the edge off the rest of the school looking so beautiful". It is also used as the studio's cafeteria where the cast and crew eat.
Stage B contains the sets for the characters' houses and The Core newspaper office, as well as sets for Instant Star, another series produced by Epitome Pictures.
Stage C holds the sets for the school's entrance foyer, the gymnasium, the media lab and the hallway with the lockers. As the series progressed and the budget increased, a stairway and balcony was installed in the foyer in an attempt to get characters off the floor, and not all in the same geometric plane. For the first few seasons, the gym floor was wooden floorboard; due to warping, it was replaced by concrete painted to look like wood.
For the new generation of students, the producers chose eleven school-aged children from six hundred applicants in an attempt to provide characters to which the teenage target audience could relate. This was in contrast to other shows of the same period, such as Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Dawson's Creek, which cast actors in their twenties as teenagers. Sarah Barrable-Tishauer acted as high-achiever yet lonely Liberty Van Zandt. Daniel Clark played bad-boy Sean Cameron. Lauren Collins acted as cool cheerleader Paige Michalchuk. Ryan Cooley acted as class clown James Tiberius "J.T." Yorke. Jake Goldsbie portrayed Toby Isaacs, a computer geek. Aubrey Graham portrayed rich and athletic Jimmy Brooks. Shane Kippel played Gavin "Spinner" Mason, the school bully. Miriam McDonald portrayed environmentalist Emma Nelson. Melissa McIntyre played Ashley Kerwin, the perfect girl who attracts the popular boys, and the other girls are jealous of. Cassie Steele played Emma's sidekick, the sweet and innocent Manuela "Manny" Santos. Christina Schmidt portrayed chubby and insecure Terri McGreggor.
In season two, former Degrassi actor Pat Mastroianni returned to the franchise as Joey Jeremiah, followed by the return of Joey's former on-screen girlfriend, Caitlin Ryan (played by Stacie Mistysyn), in the third season.
There have been a number departures from the series, and season six depicted the first death of one of the show's main characters, when J.T. Yorke was stabbed and killed. Daniel Clark's character Sean Cameron has been written out of the show twice. He left the series during the fourth season in the wake of the shooting death of Rick Murray, and returned for the sixth season. He left the series once again, but made another reappearance for one episode in season seven. The family of Joey Jeremiah was written out of the series at the end of season five, when Joey and his daughter Angie, moved to Calgary, Alberta, and his stepson Craig Manning left Degrassi to pursue his musical dreams. Craig has made guest appearances three times since then, reappearing in a two-part episode in season six and an episode in season seven. He will also make an appearance in the upcoming eighth season. Caitlyn Ryan left to continue her career in Los Angeles, California, though she returned in one episode of season seven.
As several of the core characters had graduated at the end of season six, a number of cast additions were made in season seven, when Degrassi Community School merged with a nearby school; in all, six new actors were given starring roles. Season eight saw major cast changes as many of the originals had departed including Lauren Collins, Stacey Farber, Aubrey Graham, Amanda Stepto, Shanae Grimes, Mike Lobel, Melissa DiMarco and Adamo Ruggiero (though some still make guest appearances). Mazin Elsadig, who was introduced as Damian during season seven, was also dropped. A total of thirteen actors were either added or promoted to regulars including Evan Williams, Judy Jiao, Samantha Munro, Jajube Mandiel, AJ Saudin, Sam Earle, Aislinn Paul, Melinda Shankar, Raymond Ablack. Natty Zavitz, Scott Paterson, Jordan Hudyma and Argiris Karras.
Movie director Kevin Smith has been a fan of the Degrassi series from the early 1990s, when he worked at a convenience store in Leonardo, New Jersey. Actor Jason Mewes was his co-worker at the time and also became a fan. Every Sunday morning at work, Smith and Mewes watched episodes of Degrassi Junior High and Degrassi High on Public Broadcasting Service. Smith enjoyed the earlier series and has acknowledged an infatuation with Stacie Mistysyn. He paid homage to Degrassi by making reference to it in several of his films. For example, he named a Clerks character Caitlin Bree after Mistysin's Degrassi character, Caitlin Ryan, wrote Shannen Doherty's character Rene wearing a Degrassi jacket throughout his Mallrats film, and had Jason Lee's character in Chasing Amy specifically mention Degrassi Junior High as a TV show he wants to watch, rather than going out.
Smith and Mewes guest starred as themselves in the final three episodes of the fourth season. The plot for these episodes involves the pair working on Jay and Silent Bob Go Canadian, Eh!, a fictional feature film in the View Askewniverse, using Degrassi Community School as a filming location. Singer Alanis Morissette, who had worked with Smith in the past, also guest stars in "Going Down the Road Part One" as herself, acting as the school principal in Smith's film. In a scene alluding to Smith's former crush on Mistysyn, he flirts with, and attempts to seduce Caitlin Ryan in a bar; Caitlin enjoys the conversation but ultimately declines Smith's advances and leaves, whereupon Smith turns his attention to another (unnamed) woman in the bar, portrayed by Smith's real-life wife, Jennifer Schwalbach Smith. Smith and Mewes return to D:TNG as themselves for two episodes in season five. The storyline in the episodes was of the premiere of Jay and Silent Bob Go Canadian, Eh! Alanis Morissette made a cameo appearance as the school principal when scenes from the film were shown during its premiere screening. Smith and Mewes are to reappear in season eight, though very few details have emerged, with Stohn only saying, "Just a quick update... today we're shooting the airport sequences. Jason Mewes has already started his appearances earlier this week, Kevin Smith arrives this afternoon... on the official Degrassi forums.
Jonathan Torrens appeared as Emma's father, Shane, in the two-part season three premiere. The role had been played by Bill Parrott in the classic series, but decided not to return to the role. Torrens looks remarkably like Parrott, and has another link to the series; in 1999, his talk show, Jonovision, reunited some of the classic Degrassi cast members for a two-episode Christmas special. Jayne Eastwood played Sean Cameron's mother for one episode in 2004, the same year which saw Billy Ray Cyrus appear as Duke, a limousine driver who gets arrested, leaving Jimmy and Hazel, amongst others, stranded in the street. Season seven featured appearances from Shirley Douglas as a university professor, Free The Children founder Craig Kielburger, and English pop singer Natasha Bedingfield as themselves.
Seasons one to five of D:TNG premiered in Canada on CTV before they were aired in the U.S. on The N. Season six, however, premiered on The N two months before its CTV debut; it wasn't until the ninth episode that CTV aired an episode before The N. Season seven also premiered on The N, three months before it did on CTV, which was able to premiere the thirteenth episode before The N. New episodes currently air at 7:30 p.m. ET in Canada, and 8:00 p.m. ET in the U.S.
The three episode story arc from the fourth season in which Kevin Smith and Jason Mewes guest star has also been released as a single disc Region 1 DVD. FUNimation Entertainment released the disc on 8 November 2005, in two versions: the first subtitled as "Uncut, Uncensored and Unrated", and the second, "Rated". Each release had the same DVD extras, including an interview with Kevin Smith, bloopers and a Jay and Silent Bob Photo Album. The Unrated release also featured episode commentaries by Kevin Smith, Jason Mewes, Stacie Mistysyn, the associate producer Jim Jackman and writer Aaron Martin.
In the following years the show has received further recognition from the Gemini Awards and the Directors Guild of Canada, as well as winning two Teen Choice Awards and two Canadian Screenwriting Awards. In 2004, the show received a nomination for a GLAAD Media Award, but lost to the sports drama Playmakers. In July 2005, Degrassi: The Next Generation won the Television Critics Association Award for "Outstanding Achievement in Children's Programming". It was only the second time that a non-U.S. series has won an award in this category (the first time was Degrassi Junior High in 1988).
The N objected to episodes in seasons two and three, one whose storyline revolved around the subject of date-rape, the other showed a fifteen-year-old character having an abortion after having sexual intercourse with her boyfriend. The third season episodes were not shown in the U.S., causing an uproar amongst fans who organized a petition that caught the attention of the New York Times, as well as CBC, the National Post and the London Free Press in Canada. The episodes were eventually aired three years later as part of an "every episode ever" marathon. Another storyline was featured in the media after ten children from a Québécois school were found to have a number of cuts on their bodies. They said they had copied the show when one character began cutting herself in an episode.
The series has also been reproached for its lack of ethnic diversity. After watching nearly seventy hours of twenty-one Canadian-produced programs, Simon Fraser University cited Degrassi: The Next Generation's first season in their report as one of the Canadian television programmes that is "too Caucasian". The producers did not make any changes to the ethnicity of the cast following the university's findings.
The first podcast was released on 16 January 2007 and featured actors Mike Lobel and Daniel Clark. Each podcast features interviews with castmembers, producers, and writers, the D:TNG podcasts are recorded behind-the-scenes at the studios. Ten podcasts have been released as of 20 June 2008.
In 2006 CTV and The N began streaming D:TNG episodes on their websites, and on 2 February 2006, they premiered the first internet-only web series, Degrassi Minis, produced by Stefan Brogren. Some of the two to three minute long webisodes take place between existing episodes of the television show, whereas others are completely fantastical takes on the Degrassi universe.
Degrassi on the Set premiered in 2006 and shows backstage action from seasons six and seven. Degrassi Mangasodes, a third web series, is a collection of animated shorts. Only two episodes have been made, using stories adapted from scenes from the Degrassi: Extra Credit books written by J. Torres. The episodes were produced by Yowza! Animation, scripted by J. Torres, and animated by James McCrimmon. The episodes feature Degrassi: The Next Generation actors providing voices for their animated characters.
Degrassi Unscripted, premiered on 27 August 2004. Eight half-hour episodes documented the lives of different Degrassi: The Next Generation actors. The first five episodes aired in the weeks before the fourth D:TNG season began; the final three episodes were aired in June 2005, before the second half of the season. The actors featured were Miriam McDonald, Adamo Ruggiero, Cassie Steele, Jake Epstein, Lauren Collins, Stacey Farber, Aubrey Graham and Melissa McIntyre.
Degrassi's 40 Most Go There-est Moments was the most recent miniseries to be produced, and aired during September 2006 as a teaser for season six of D:TNG. In a similar style to Degrassi Crash Course: The 100 Most Intense Moments the series counted down the most "Degrassi-est" moments from the previous five seasons over four weekly episodes. The specials highlighted ten moments each and featured commentaries by actors of the show. Fans of the show were encouraged to vote for their "Degrassi-est" moment on The N's website, each week one viewer's choice from a different category was shown.
"Degrassi in Kenya" ("Degrassi: Doing What Matters" in the U.S.) was the second special episode, and aired 18 October 2007 on MTV Canada, and 14 March 2008 on The N. It documented the D:TNG cast visiting the Masai Mara, Kenya to build an extension onto Motony Primary School.
"Degrassi of the Dead", which parodies the zombie movie Dawn of the Dead, was a Halloween special episode which aired on 26 October 2007 on The N, and four days later on CTV. The episode was not part of the regular episodes or Degrassi continuity, although it did feature a number of D:TNG actors in character, some of whom had turned into zombies after eating genetically modified food in the school cafeteria, while others were trying to escape. The second half of the show was a behind-the-scenes look at the episode with Cassie Steele, Aubrey Graham and Lauren Collins. The episode was directed by Stefan Brogren, and originally made as five Degrassi Minis, with an additional streaming video of Aubrey Graham dancing to a Halloween themed rap performed by Brogren.
"Turning Japanese", the first graphic novel in the Degrassi: Extra Credit series, was released on 12 October 2006 in Canada by H.B. Fenn, and 21 November 2006 in the U.S. by Pocket Books, a division of Simon & Schuster. Three more graphic novels have been also released: "Suddenly, Last Summer", "Missing You" and "Safety Dance". The stories in Degrassi: Extra Credit cover and expand upon plots and elements not seen on the show. On 23 August 2005, H.B. Fenn published Degrassi: Generations - The Official 411, an encyclopædic guidebook that includes script guidelines for the show, biographies of actors from Degrassi High and D:TNG, and information about the show's bands.
Online databases