The suborder Cylindrobulloidea used to be recognized as monogeneric suborder; in other words there was only one family in the suborder, the family Cylindrobullidae and one e genus Cylindrobulla.
It was treated by Jensen (1996) as a sister group of Sacoglossa. However, a recent systematic review by Paula Mikkelsen (1998) has argued that the genus Cylindrobulla actually belongs in Cephalaspidea, where it forms a monophyletic group Oxynoacea with the shelled sacoglossans. This change in taxonomy was suggested on the basis of the similarity in many characteristics: digestive, sexual, pallial (= concerning the mantle), and the nervous system.
Finally, in the new taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), it has been classed in a separate Group Cylindrobullida.