A
crude lysate is the solution produced when
cells are destroyed by disrupting their
cell membranes, often with detergent or other chaotropic agent, in a process known as
cytolysis. This releases the contents within the cell. Crude cell lysates are routinely produced in
biochemistry and
cell biology laboratories during the process of
protein purification, although purified cellular
organelles can also be retrieved from the solution. After a crude lysate has been generated, the first step in processing a crude lysate is often
ultracentrifugation, which separates the solution into distinct bands containing organelles, membrane
lipids,
proteins, and
nucleic acids. The crude lysate can also be analyzed directly without further processing or purification by such methods as Coomassie blue staining of polyacrylamide gels or Western blotting.