Chu

Chu, Steven, 1948-, U.S. physicist and government official, b. St. Louis, Mo., grad. Univ. of Rochester (B.S., A.B. 1970), Univ. of California, Berkeley (1976). He worked from 1978 at Bell Labs (from 1983 as head of its quantum electronics research department), where he began developing laser techniques for manipulating individual atoms and molecules and determining their properties. For developing a laser array that could be used to slow and capture atoms for study, he was awarded the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics with Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William D. Phillips. From 1987 to 2004, Chu was professor of physics and applied physics at Stanford, where he developed "optical tweezers," a laboratory technique in which lasers are used to trap one end of a molecule and hold it suspended so that an individual molecule's properties can be studied. In 2004 he became director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where he focused especially on developing research into alternative and renewable energy. In 2009 Chu was appointed secretary of energy by President Barack Obama.

or Chu Teh

(born Dec. 1, 1886, Yilong, Sichuan province, China—died July 6, 1976, Beijing) Founder of the Chinese communist force that became the People's Liberation Army. Educated at Yunnan Military Academy, Zhu began his military career in the armies of warlords in southern China. He became a communist in the early 1920s but hid his affiliation to become an officer in the Nationalist army. In 1927 he took part in the communist-led Nanchang Uprising, an event celebrated annually in China as the birth of the People's Liberation Army. When the uprising was defeated, Zhu led his troops south to join Mao Zedong's small guerrilla forces. He became commander in chief of the communist forces, a position he held through World War II and the civil war with the Nationalists, not stepping down until 1954. With Mao, Zhu is credited with elevating guerrilla warfare to a major strategic concept.

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or Chu Hsi

(born Oct. 18, 1130, Yu-hsi, Fukien province, China—died April 23, 1200, China) Chinese philosopher and proponent of Neo-Confucianism. The son of a minor government official, he was educated in the Confucian tradition and entered government service. Interested in history, he revised Sima Guang's famous history so that it would illustrate moral principles in government. In 1189 he began a commentary on the Daxue; he continued working on the Daxue all his life. Philosophically, his thought incorporated the ideas of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, Zhou Dunyi (1017–1073), and Zhang Zai, whose works he compiled. His commentaries on the Four Books, notably on the Lunyu (Analects) of Confucius and on Mencius (both 1177), were enormously influential. His philosophy emphasized logic, consistency, observance of classical authority, and the value of inquiry.

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Chu may refer to: Surname:

• A common Chinese surname

Spanish writing Chu (English Chou or Zhou) is the surname 曹 from Guangzhou, Guangdong (Canton). Places:

• Districts in the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China
• Chu River in modern Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan
• Chu, Kazakhstan (presently more commonly spelled "Shu"), a city in Kazakhstan
• Chu River in Vietnam
• A popular unofficial name for the Hubei Province and Hunan Province in the People's Republic of China States:
• Chu (Ten Kingdoms), a kingdom during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
• State of Chu(楚), a state in the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period of ancient China
• Kingdom of Chu, a state proclaimed by various rebellion leaders after the fall of the Qin Dynasty, including the state proclaimed by Xiang Yu during the Chu Han Contention
• The short-lived regime of Huan Xuan: see Jin Dynasty (265-420) Other:
• Old Church Slavonic (ISO 639 alpha-3, chu)
• Chu (instrument), an ancient Chinese instrument made of wood like a box that is struck by a stick to mark section beginnings
• A variation on the Latin transliteration of the common Chinese surname Zhu.
• Meaning House or Home in Min Nan Chinese and its Taiwanese dialect. This word appear on Toponym widely in Fujian, Taiwan, Singapore. See Chhù(厝).
• Chu, the Japanese onomatopoeia for the sound of a kiss.
• Chu, a merman character from the Japanese animated cartoon series One Piece.
• Chu Jelly, a recurrent enemy in the Legend of Zelda series.

CHU may refer to:

• Chung Hua University, a university in Hsinchu, Republic of China (Taiwan)
• Houston County Airport, in Houston County, Minnesota.
• CHU (callsign), the callsign of a shortwave radio station in Ottawa, Canada
• ChristenUnie, a Dutch political party
• Christelijk-Historische Unie (Christian-Historical Union), an influential Protestant political party in the Netherlands
• Churchill College, Cambridge, used in University of Cambridge internal publications
• , China Unicom's stock symbol on the New York Stock Exchange.
• Containerized housing unit, a shipping container converted to living space.