Born near Russellville, Kentucky, Ritter received a limited schooling. He served as member of the State house of representatives in 1842 and 1850.

Ritter was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1865-March 3, 1867). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1866. He engaged in agricultural pursuits. He died in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, October 1, 1880. He was interred in Hopewell (later known as Riverside) Cemetery.

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