Anyanya

The Anyanya were a southern Sudanese separatist rebel army formed during the First Sudanese Civil War (a civil war sometimes referred to as Anyanya I) which started in 1955. A separate movement that rose during the Second Sudanese Civil War, and the war itself, were, in turn, called Anyanya II. Anyanya means "snake venom" in the Madi language.

Anyanya I

From about 1969 to 1972, the Lotuko, Madi, Bari, Acholi, Zande, Dinka, and other people from the entire southern region of Sudan waged a war against the Sudanese government. This mobilization came to be known as the Anyanya rebellion.

Anyanya II

When a previously agreed-to peace deal fell apart in 1983, the peoples of the South (this time, largely the Dinka, Nuer and Nuba peoples) organized the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) under the leadership of John Garang. This mobilization came to be known as Anyanya II or the Second Sudanese Civil War.

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