Alton Railroad

The Alton Railroad was the final name of a railroad linking Chicago to Alton, Illinois, St. Louis, Missouri, and Kansas City, Missouri. Its predecessor, the Chicago and Alton Railroad, was purchased by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1931 and was controlled until 1942 when the Alton was released to the courts. On May 31, 1947, the Alton Railroad was merged into the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad.

Main lines included Chicago to St. Louis and a branch to Kansas City. The former is now part of the Union Pacific Railroad system, with Metra Heritage Corridor commuter rail service north of Joliet (there owned by the Canadian National Railway but used by UP). The latter is part of the Kansas City Southern Railway system.

History

The earliest ancestor to the Alton Railroad is the Alton and Sangamon Railroad, chartered February 27, 1847, in Illinois to connect the Mississippi River town of Alton to the state capital at Springfield in Sangamon County. The line was finished in 1852, and as the Chicago & Mississippi Railroad extended to Bloomington in 1854 and Joliet in 1855. Initially, trains ran over the completed Chicago and Rock Island Railroad to Chicago.

The Joliet and Chicago Railroad was chartered February 15, 1855, and opened in 1856, continuing north and northeast from Joliet to downtown Chicago. It was leased by the Chicago & Mississippi providing a continuous railroad from Alton to Chicago. In 1857 the C&M was reorganized as the St. Louis, Alton and Chicago Railroad, and another reorganization on October 10, 1862, produced the Chicago and Alton Railroad. The C&A chartered the Alton and St. Louis Railroad to extend the line to East St. Louis, opened in 1864 giving it a line from Chicago to East St. Louis.

Railroad family tree

Kansas City line

Springfield-Kansas City and Godfrey-Roodhouse

• Gateway Western Railway
• 1997-Present Gateway Western is a Kansas City Southern Railroad subsidiary
• 1990-1997 Gateway Western was an affiliate of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway
• Chicago, Missouri and Western Railway 1987-1989

Chicago-St. Louis line

• Union Pacific Railroad 1996-Present Chicago-St. Louis line
• Southern Pacific Chicago St. Louis Railroad 1989-1996 a subsidiary of Southern Pacific Railroad
• Chicago, Missouri and Western Railway 1987-1989

Early years of Alton

• Chicago, Missouri and Western Railway 1987-1989
• Illinois Central Gulf Railroad 1972-1987
• Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad 1947-1972
• Alton Railroad 1931-1947 Subsidiary of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
• Chicago and Alton Railroad 1906-1931 took over line from Peoria-Springfield
• Chicago and Alton Railway 1900-1906 controlled by UP & ROCK; later NKP
• Chicago and Alton Railroad 1861-1900
• Kansas City, St. Louis and Chicago Railroad 1878-1950 leased by Alton RR Mexico-Kansas City
• Louisiana and Missouri River Railroad 1870-1950 leased by Alton RR Louisiana-Springfield, MO
• Joliet and Chicago Railroad 1864-1950 leased by Alton RR Joliet - Chicago
• St. Louis, Alton and Chicago Railroad c.1857-1861 Alton - Joliet
• Alton and Sangamon Railroad 1847-c.1857 Springfield - Alton

Passenger service notables

The first sleeping car designed by George Pullman was built in the C&A's Bloomington shops and introduced on September 1, 1859, over the Chicago-East St. Louis mainline. Sleeping cars were operated over most routes between Chicago, Peoria, Bloomington, St. Louis and Kansas City in principal train consists. Successor Gulf, Mobile & Ohio operated Chicago-St. Louis sleeping car service until December 31, 1969, the last railroad to do so between the two cities.

The first dining car, the Delmonico, named for the famous New York restaurant, built by Pullman in the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Aurora, Illinois, shops, first appeared in regular service over the C&A's Chicago-East St. Louis mainline. Two other Pullman diners built at the same time, the Tremont, and the Southern, were leased, providing dining car service on all three principal C&A Chicago-East St. Louis trains. Dining cars were a part of Chicago-St.Louis train consists until May 1, 1971, with the takeover of passenger service by Amtrak.

Notable passenger trains

• The Alton Limited
• Abraham Lincoln
• Ann Rutledge
• The Hummer
• The Midnight Special

Stations in Chicago

First entry of C&A passenger trains from Joliet into Chicago was over the Chicago & Rock Island to that railroad's depot (later La Salle Street Station). Briefly, passenger trains were moved over to the Illinois Central depot. On December 28, 1863, the leased J&C and Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway came to an agreement where the J&C would use the PFW&C's terminal at Madison Street, later becoming a tenant of Union Station, which opened in 1881. In 1924, with the completion of a new Union Station between Adams and Jackson streets, C&A became a tenant and its successors used Union Station up until the takeover by Amtrak.

Company officers

Presidents of the Alton Railroad have included:

• Timothy Blackstone 1864–1899.
• Samuel Morse Felton, Jr. 1899–1908.

References

• Glendinning, Gene V. (2002). The Chicago & Alton Railroad, The Only Way. DeKalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press. ISBN 0-87580-287-7.
• Railroad History Database
• PRR Chronology
• Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri - Chicago & Alton Railway (1901)
• Lewis, Edward A. (2000). The historical guide to North American railroads. 2nd Edition, Waukesha, Wisconsin: Kalmbach Publishing. ISBN 0-89024-356-5.