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38th_United_States_Congress
38th United States Congress
The Thirty-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4 1863 to March 3 1865, during the last two years of the first administration of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
Dates of sessions
March 4 1863 - March 3 1865- Special session of the Senate: March 4 1863 – March 14 1863
- First session: December 7 1863 - July 4 1864
- Second session: December 5 1864 - March 3 1865 — a lame duck session
Previous: 37th Congress • Next: 39th Congress
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
- Democratic (D): 10
- Republican (R): 33 (majority)
- Unionist (U): 4
- Unconditional Unionist (UU): 5
TOTAL members: 52
House of Representatives
- Democratic (D): 72
- Republican (R): 85 (majority)
- Unionist (U): 9
- Unconditional Unionist (UU): 16
- Independent Republican (IR): 2
TOTAL members: 184
Leadership
Senate
- President: Hannibal Hamlin (R)
- President pro tempore:
- Solomon Foot (R), March 4 1863 – April 13 1864
- Daniel Clark (R), April 26 1864 – End
Majority (Republican) leadership
House of Representatives
- Speaker: Schuyler Colfax (R), December 7 1863 – End
Majority (Republican) leadership
Major events
- Main article: Events of 1863; Events of 1864; Events of 1865
- American Civil War, which started in 1861, continued through this Congress and ended later in 1865
Major legislation
- April 22, 1864 — Coinage Act of 1864, Sess. 1, ch. 66,
- March 3 1865 — Freedman's Bureau, Sess. 2, ch. 90,
Treaties ratified
States admitted and seceded and Territories organized
States admitted
- June 19 1863 — West Virginia admitted (formed from a portion of Virginia),
- October 31 1864 — Nevada admitted,
States seceded
Congress did not accept secession. Seceding states lost their representation in Congress.- Already seceded: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee
Territory organized
- May 26 1864 — Montana Territory organized, Sess. 1, ch. 95,
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.- See also: United States House elections, 1862
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.- See also: United States Senators
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House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
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Officers
Senate
- Secretary: John W. Forney
- Sergeant at Arms: George T. Brown
- Chaplain:
- Byron Sunderland, Presbyterian
- Thomas Bowman, Methodist, elected May 11 1864
House of Representatives
- Clerk: Edward McPherson
- Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway
- Doorkeeper: Ira Goodnow
- Postmaster: William S. King
- Messenger to the Speaker:
- Chaplain: William H. Channing, Unitarian
Notes
References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Last updated on Monday August 04, 2008 at 15:22:44 PDT (GMT -0700)
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Last updated on Monday August 04, 2008 at 15:22:44 PDT (GMT -0700)
View this article at Wikipedia.org - Edit this article at Wikipedia.org - Donate to the Wikimedia Foundation
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