Events

• 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle.
• 1355 - Tvrtko I writes in castro nostro Vizoka vocatum from old town Visoki.
• 1532 - Lady Anne Boleyn is made Marchioness of Pembroke by her fiancé, King Henry VIII of England.
• 1644 - Battle of Tippermuir, Montrose defeats Elcho's Covenanters, reviving Royalist cause.
• 1715 - King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years—the longest of any major European monarch.
• 1752 - The Liberty Bell arrives in Philadelphia.
• 1763 - Catherine II of Russia endorses Ivan Betskoy's plans for a Foundling Home in Moscow
• 1772 - Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa founded in San Luis Obispo, California.
• 1804 - Juno, one of the largest main belt asteroids, was discovered by German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding.
• 1807 - Former US Vice President Aaron Burr is acquitted of treason.
• 1836 - Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington.
• 1859 - A solar superstorm affects electrical telegraph service.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly - Confederate forces attack retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Confederate General John Bell Hood evacuates Atlanta, Georgia after a four-month siege by General Sherman.
• 1870 - Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Sedan is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.
• 1873 - Cetshwayo ascends to the throne as king of the Zulu nation following the death of his father Mpande.
• 1875 - A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband.
• 1894 - Great Hinckley Fire: A forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota, kills more than 400 people.
• 1897 - The Boston subway opens, becoming the first underground rapid transit system in North America.
• 1902 - A Trip to the Moon, considered one of the first science fiction films, is released in France.
• 1905 - Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation.
• 1906 - The International Federation of Intellectual Property Attorneys (FICPI) is established.
• 1914 - St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to Petrograd.
• 1914 - The last passenger pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.
• 1923 - The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing about 105,000 people.
• 1928 - Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king.
• 1934 - SMJK Sam Tet was founded by Father Fourgs from the St. Michael Church, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.
• 1939 - World War II: Nazi Germany attacks Poland, beginning the war. (See Invasion of Poland.)
• 1939 - George C. Marshall becomes Chief of Staff of the United States Army.
• 1939 - The Wound Badge for Wehrmacht, SS, Kriegsmarine, and Luftwaffe soldiers is instituted. The final version of the Iron Cross was also instituted on this date.
• 1939 - Switzerland mobilizes its forces and the Swiss Parliament elects Henri Guisan to head the Swiss Army (an event that can happen only during war or mobilization).
• 1951 - The United States, Australia and New Zealand sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty.
• 1961 - The Eritrean War of Independence officially begins with the shooting of the Ethiopian police by Hamid Idris Awate
• 1962 - Channel Television launches to 54,000 households in the Channel Islands.
• 1964 - Indian Oil Corporation formed after merging Indian Oil Refineries and Indian Oil Company.
• 1969 - A revolution in Libya brings Col. Muammar al-Gaddafi to power, which was later transferred to the People's Committees.
• 1970 - Attempted assassination of King Hussein of Jordan by Palestinian guerillas, who attacked his motorcade.
• 1972 - In Reykjavík, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion.
• 1974 - The SR-71 Blackbird sets (and holds) the record for flying from New York to London: 1 hour 54 minutes and 56.4 seconds.
• 1979 - The American space probe Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 km.
• 1980 - Terry Fox's Marathon of Hope ends in Thunder Bay, Ontario.
• 1981 - A coup d'état in the Central African Republic overthrows President David Dacko.
• 1982 - Canada adopts a Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as part of its Constitution.
• 1982 - The United States Air Force Space Command is founded.
• 1983 - Cold War: Korean Air Flight 007 is shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft enters Soviet airspace. All 269 on board are killed, including US Congressmen Lawrence McDonald.
• 1985 - A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic.
• 1990 - The Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist is founded, following a split from the Communist Labour Party of Turkey.
• 1991 - Uzbekistan declares independence from the Soviet Union
• 2004 - The Beslan school hostage crisis begins when armed terrorists take hundreds of school children and adults hostage in the Russian town of Beslan in North Ossetia.
• 2005 - Seven members and former members of the AFL-CIO form a new trade union organization, the Change to Win Federation.
• 2006 - Luxembourg became the first country to complete the move to all digital television broadcasting.

Births

• 1286 - Elisabeth Richeza of Poland, Queen of Poland (d. 1335)
• 1453 - Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Spanish general (d. 1515)
• 1566 - Edward Alleyn, English actor (d. 1626)
• 1588 - Henry II, Prince of Condé, French nobleman (d. 1646)
• 1651 - Nataliya Kyrillovna Naryshkina, Tsaritsa of Russia (d. 1694)
• 1653 - Johann Pachelbel, German composer (d. 1706)
• 1711 - William IV, Prince of Orange (d. 1759)
• 1795 - James Gordon Bennett, Sr., American newspaper publisher (d. 1872)
• 1848 - Auguste-Henri Forel, Swiss entomologist (d. 1931)
• 1854 - Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (d. 1921)
• 1855 - Innokenty Annensky, Russian poet (d. 1909)
• 1856 - Sergei Winogradsky, Russian scientist (d. 1953)
• 1866 - James J. Corbett, American heavyweight boxer (d. 1933)
• 1868 - Henri Bourassa, French Canadian politician and publisher (d. 1952)
• 1871 - J. Reuben Clark, Jr., American Undersecretary of State (d. 1961)
• 1875 - Edgar Rice Burroughs, American writer (d. 1950)
• 1876 - Harriet Shaw Weaver, English political activist (d. 1961)
• 1877 - Francis William Aston, Nobel laureate (d. 1945)
• 1878 - Princess Alexandra of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1942)
• 1883 - Didier Pitre, French Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1934)
• 1884 - Sigurd Wallén, Swedish actor and filmdirector (d. 1947)
• 1887 - Blaise Cendrars, Swiss writer (d. 1961)
• 1888 - Andrija Štampar, Croatian physician (d. 1958)
• 1889 - Richard Arlen, American actor (d. 1976)
• 1892 - Leverett Saltonstall, 55^th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1979)
• 1895 - Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavatar, Indian musician (d. 1974)
• 1896 - A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Indian theologian (d. 1977)
• 1897 - Andy Kennedy, Irish footballer (d. 1963)
• 1899 - Andrei Platonov, Russian writer (d. 1951)
• 1904 - Johnny Mack Brown, American actor (d. 1974)
• 1905 - Elvera Sanchez, Puerto Rican dancer (d. 2000)
• 1906 - Joaquín Balaguer, President of the Dominican Republic (d. 2002)
• 1906 - Franz Biebl, German composer (d. 2001)
• 1907 - Walter Reuther, American labor union leader (d. 1970)
• 1908 - Amir Elahi, Pakistani cricketer (d. 1980)
• 1909 - E. Herbert Norman, Canadian diplomat (d. 1957)
• 1913 - Ludwig Merwart, Austrian painter and graphic artist (1979)
• 1913 - Christian Nyby, American director and film editor (d. 1993)
• 1919 - Ossie Dawson, South African cricketer
• 1920 - Richard Farnsworth, American actor (d. 2000)
• 1921 - Willem Frederik Hermans, Dutch writer (d. 1995)
• 1921 - Madhav Mantri, Indian cricketer
• 1922 - Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian-born actress (d. 2007)
• 1922 - Vittorio Gassman, Italian actor (d. 2000)
• 1923 - Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969)
• 1923 - Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, Canadian businessman (d. 2006)
• 1925 - Art Pepper, American musician (d. 1982)
• 1926 - Abdur Rahman Biswas, President of Bangladesh
• 1926 - Gene Colan, American comic book artist
• 1928 - Clifford Lincoln, Canadian politician
• 1928 - George Maharis, American actor
• 1929 - Anne Ramsey, American actress (d. 1988)
• 1931 - Boxcar Willie, American country musician (d. 1999)
• 1933 - Ann W. Richards, American politician (d. 2006)
• 1933 - Conway Twitty, American singer (d. 1993)
• 1935 - Seiji Ozawa, Japanese conductor
• 1937 - Al Geiberger, American golfer
• 1937 - Ron O'Neal, American actor, film director and screenwriter (d. 2004)
• 1939 - Lily Tomlin, American actress and comedian
• 1941 - Graeme Langlands, Australian rugby league footballer
• 1942 - C. J. Cherryh, American writer
• 1943 - Don Stroud, American actor
• 1944 - Leonard Slatkin, American conductor
• 1945 - Mustafa Balel, Turkish writer
• 1946 - Greg Errico, American drummer (Sly & the Family Stone)
• 1946 - Barry Gibb, English singer (Bee Gees)
• 1946 - Roh Moo-Hyun, President of South Korea
• 1947 - Al Green, American politician
• 1948 - Józef Życiński, Polish archbishop and philosopher
• 1949 - P.A. Sangma, Indian politician
• 1950 - Phillip Fulmer, American football coach
• 1950 - Dr. Phil McGraw, American talk show host
• 1951 - Nicu Ceauşescu, Romanian politician (d. 1996)
• 1951 - David Bairstow, England cricketer (d. 1998)
• 1952 - Phil Hendrie, American radio personality
• 1953 - Beau Billingslea, American voice actor
• 1953 - Ted Petty, American professional wrestler (d. 2002)
• 1954 - Dave Lumley, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1955 - Billy Blanks, American martial artist
• 1955 - Bruce Foxton, English bassist (The Jam)
• 1957 - Gloria Estefan, Cuban/American singer
• 1957 - Duško Ivanović, Montenegrin basketball coach
• 1958 - Armi Aavikko, Finnish singer (d. 2002)
• 1959 - Kenny Mayne, American sports journalist
• 1961 - Bam Bam Bigelow, American professional wrestler (d. 2007)
• 1962 - Ruud Gullit, Dutch footballer
• 1962 - Tony Cascarino, Irish footballer
• 1963 - Stephen Kernahan, Australian rules footballer
• 1963 - Carola Smit, Dutch singer
• 1964 - Brian Bellows, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1964 - Cécilia Rhode, Swedish model
• 1964 - Ray D'Arcy, Irish DJ and TV presenter
• 1966 - Tim Hardaway, American basketball player
• 1967 - David Whissell, Quebec politician
• 1968 - Mohammed Atta, Egyptian terrorist (d. 2001)
• 1969 - Henning Berg, Norwegian footballer
• 1970 - Hwang Jung-min, South Korean actor
• 1970 - Padma Lakshmi, Indian actress
• 1970 - Mitsou, Quebec singer, television and radio host, actress
• 1970 - Vanna, Croatian singer
• 1971 - Ricardo Antonio Chavira, American actor
• 1971 - Joe Enochs, American soccer player
• 1971 - Yoshitaka Hirota, Japanese composer
• 1971 - Lââm, French singer
• 1971 - Jimmy Snuka, Jr., American professional wrestler
• 1971 - Hakan Şükür, Turkish footballer
• 1972 - Doug Williams, British professional wrestler
• 1973 - Ram Kapoor, Indian actor
• 1973 - J. D. Fortune, Canadian singer (INXS)
• 1973 - Zach Thomas, American football player
• 1974 - Jason Taylor, American football player
• 1974 - Jhonen Vasquez, American comic book artist
• 1975 - Scott Speedman, English-born actor
• 1975 - Natalie Bassingthwaighte, Australian actress and singer
• 1975 - Omar Rodriguez-Lopez, Puerto Rican guitarist
• 1975 - Cuttino Mobley, American basketball player
• 1976 - Marcos Ambrose, Australian racing driver
• 1976 - Erik Morales, Mexican boxer
• 1976 - Jada Fire, American porn actress
• 1976 - Polly Shannon, Canadian actress
• 1976 - Sebastián Rozental, Chilean footballer
• 1976 - Clare Connor, England Woman cricketer
• 1977 - Aaron Schobel, American football player
• 1977 - Raffaele Giammaria, Italian racing driver
• 1977 - Shoshana Bean, American stage actress
• 1977 - Aamir Ali, Indian television actor
• 1977 - David Albelda, Spanish footballer
• 1978 - Max Vieri, Australian soccer player
• 1978 - Lucie Blackman, English murder victim (d. 2000)
• 1979 - James O'Connor, Irish footballer
• 1980 - Chris Riggott, English footballer
• 1980 - Sammy Adjei, Ghanaian footballer
• 1981 - Clinton Portis, American football player
• 1981 - Adam Quick, Australian basketball player
• 1982 - Ryan Gomes, American basketball player
• 1982 - Paul Dumbrell, Australian racing driver
• 1982 - Jeffrey Buttle, Canadian figure skater
• 1983 - José Antonio Reyes, Spanish footballer
• 1984 - Joseph Trohman, American musician (Fall Out Boy)
• 1984 - Nick Noble, American soccer player
• 1985 - Camile Velasco, Filipino-American singer
• 1986 - Gaël Monfils, French tennis player
• 1986 - Anthony Allen, English rugby union player
• 1987 - Dann Hume, New Zealand musician (Evermore)
• 1988 - Gabriel Ferrari, American soccer player
• 1988 - Mushfiqur Rahim, Bangladeshi cricketer
• 1989 - Juliana Lohmann, Brazilian actress
• 1993 - Ilona Mitrecey, French singer
• 1994 - Bianca Ryan, American singer

Deaths

• 1067 - Baldwin V of Flanders
• 1159 - Pope Adrian IV (b. 1100)
• 1256 - Kujo Yoritsune, Japanese shogun (b. 1218)
• 1414 - William de Ros, 7th Baron de Ros, Lord Treasurer of England (b. 1369)
• 1557 - Jacques Cartier, French explorer (b. 1491)
• 1581 - Guru Ram Das, fourth Sikh Guru (b. 1534)
• 1600 - Tadeáš Hájek, Czech physician (b. 1525)
• 1615 - Étienne Pasquier, French lawyer (b. 1529)
• 1648 - Marin Mersenne, French mathematician (b. 1588)
• 1685 - Leoline Jenkins, Welsh lawyer (b. 1625)
• 1687 - Henry More, English philosopher (b. 1614)
• 1715 - François Girardon, French sculptor (b. 1628)
• 1715 - King Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
• 1818 - Robert Calder, British naval officer (b. 1745)
• 1838 - William Clark, American explorer, part of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (b. 1770)
• 1943 - Charles Atangana, Cameroonian chief (b. 1880)
• 1947 - Frederick Russell Burnham, father of the international Scouting movement (b. 1861)
• 1953 - Bernard O'Dowd, Australian poet (b. 1866)
• 1957 - Dennis Brain, English musician (b. 1921)
• 1967 - Siegfried Sassoon, English poet (b. 1886)
• 1967 - Ilse Koch, Nazi war criminal (b. 1906)
• 1969 - Drew Pearson, American newspaper columnist (b. 1897)
• 1970 - François Mauriac, French writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1885)
• 1977 - Ethel Waters, American singer (b. 1896)
• 1981 - Albert Speer, Nazi official (b. 1905)
• 1981 - Ann Harding, American actress (b. 1901)
• 1982 - Haskell Curry, American mathematician (b. 1900)
• 1982 - Wladyslaw Gomulka, Polish communist leader (b. 1905)
• 1983 - Henry M. Jackson, American politician (b. 1912)
• 1983 - Larry McDonald, American congressman (b. 1935)
• 1985 - Stefan Bellof, German race car driver (b. 1957)
• 1985 - Jay Youngblood, American wrestler (b. 1955)
• 1986 - Murray Hamilton, American actor (b. 1923)
• 1988 - Luis Alvarez, American physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1911)
• 1989 - A. Bartlett Giamatti, American baseball commissioner (b. 1938)
• 1989 - Tadeusz Sendzimir, American inventor (b. 1894)
• 1994 - Boris Malenko, American professional wrestler (b. 1933)
• 1998 - Józef Krupiński, Polish poet (b. 1930)
• 1998 - Cary Middlecoff, American golfer (b. 1921)
• 1999 - W. Richard Stevens, Zambian computer scientist (b. 1951)
• 2001 - Brian Moore British sports commentator (b. 1932)
• 2003 - Sir Terry Frost, British artist (b. 1915)
• 2004 - Ahmed Kuftaro, Grand Mufti of Syria (b. 1915)
• 2005 - R. L. Burnside, American musician (b. 1926)
• 2005 - Thanos Leivaditis, Greek actor (b. 1934)
• 2006 - Sir Kyffin Williams, Welsh landscape painter (b. 1918)
• 2006 - Bob O'Connor, mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (b. 1944)
• 2006 - Nellie Connally, wife of Texas governor John Connally (b. 1919)
• 2006 - Warren Mitofsky, American pollster (b. 1934)
• 2007 - Roy McKenzie, New Zealand philanthropist (b. 1922)
• 2008 - Don LaFontaine, American voice actor (b. 1940)

Holidays and observances

• In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the new liturgical year begins on September 1. Also see September 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).
• Eastern (Byzantine) Catholic Church, the new Liturgical Year (Indiction) also begins.
• Church of England - Saint Giles.
• Libya - Revolution Day (1969).
• New Zealand - National R.A.K. (Random Act of Kindness) Day
• Russia - Knowledge Day.
• Singapore - Teachers' Day.
• Slovakia - Constitution Day.
• Uzbekistan - Independence Day (from USSR, 1991).
• Start of the season when oysters are fit to eat (when month names contain an "R").
• Start of the partridge-shooting season ("St. Partridge").
• First day of Spring in Australia and New Zealand.
• Aaron, brother of Moses
• Aitillaha of Bet-Nuhadra, a companion of Acepsimas of Hnaita
• Saint Giles

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada