1964 Winter Olympics

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The 1964 Winter Olympics, officially known as the IX Olympic Winter Games, were celebrated in Innsbruck, Austria, from January 29 to February 9, 1964. The games included 1091 athletes from 36 nations, and the Olympic Torch was carried by Joseph Rieder, a former alpine skier who had participated in the 1956 Winter Olympics.

The games were affected by the deaths of Australian alpine skier Ross Milne and a British luge slider, during training, and by the deaths, 3 years earlier, of the entire US figure skating team and family members (see: Prior tragedies, below).

Games highlights

Normally snowy Innsbruck was threatened by a lack of snow. The Austrian army carved out 20,000 ice bricks from a mountain top and transported them to the bobsled and luge runs. They also carried 40,000 cubic meters of snow to the Alpine skiing courses. The army packed down the slopes by hand and foot.
Lidia Skoblikova took a full clean sweep in the women's speed skating events, an achievement not matched by a man until Eric Heiden in the 1980 Lake Placid Games.
Italian bobsleigh pilot Eugenio Monti distinguished himself by helping Britain's Tony Nash and Robin Dixon to win the gold medals when he loaned them an axle bolt to replace one that was broken. The Italians took bronze, but Monti was honored as the first recipient of the Pierre de Coubertin medal for sportsmanship.
Egon Zimmermann of Austria took the gold medal in the mens downhill alpine skiing event.
In the 4 man bobsled, the Canadian team won the gold medal with a total winning time of 4:14.46.
Norway's Knut Johannesen won the mens 5,000m speed skating event in an Olympic record time of 7:38.40.
Klavdiya Boyarskikh of the USSR earned three gold medals in cross-country skiing and, on the men’s side, Finnish Eero Mäntyranta won two and earned the nickname "Mr. Seefeld" after the venue because of his domination.
In alpine skiing, French sisters Christine and Marielle Goitschel finished first and second in both the slalom and the giant slalom.
Ski jumping gained a second event, and the sport of luge made its Olympic debut.
Politically, the Games were notable because East and West Germany entered a combined team.
The USSR won the games with a total of 11 medals.

Medal winners

Speed skating

Demonstration sport

Ice stock sport

Venues

Bergisel - ski jumping
Igls bobsleigh and luge track
Olympia Eisstadion - figure skating and ice hockey
Seefeld - cross country skiing and biathlon

Participating nations

36 nations sent athletes to compete in Innsbruck. India, Mongolia, and North Korea participated in the Winter Games for the first time. Athletes from West Germany (FRG) and East Germany (GDR) competed together as the United Team of Germany from 1956 to 1964.

Medal count

These are the top ten nations that won medals at these Games:

1		11	8	6	25
2	(host nation)	4	5	3	12
3		3	6	6	15
4		3	4	3	10
5		3	4	0	7
6		3	3	3	9
7		3	3	1	7
8		1	2	3	6
9		1	1	0	2
10		1	0	2	3

Prior tragedies

Tragedies, immediately prior to the 1964 Winter Olympics, affected the outcome and mood of the games:

Australian alpine skier Ross Milne and a British luge slider died during training. The organising committee said that Ross caught an edge and subsequently crashed into a tree. The IOC suggested that inexperience may have played a role in Ross's death, whereas Australian manager John Wagner suggested that overcrowding played a role, saying that he tried to slow down "on a spot which was not prepared for stopping or swinging" to avoid a crowd of contestants. His brother Malcolm Milne competed at the 1968 and 1972 Winter Olympics.

On February 15, 1961, the entire US Figure Skating team and several family members, coaches, and officials had been killed in the crash of Sabena Flight 548 in Brussels, Belgium en route to the World Championships in Prague. This tragedy sent the US skating program into a period of rebuilding. The loss of the U.S. team was considered so catastrophic for the sport that the 1961 World Championships were cancelled, and impacted later Winter Olympics.

References

"Australia and the Olympic Games" by Harry Gordon. ISBN 0-7022-2627-0