1882

Events

January - March

• January 2 - John D. Rockefeller unites his oil holdings into the Standard Oil trust.
• February 2 - The Knights of Columbus are formed in New Haven, Connecticut.
• February 3 - P. T. Barnum purchases the elephant Jumbo.
• March 2 - Roderick Maclean fails to assassinate Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
• March 20 - British gunboats enter Monrovia, with Arthur Havelock demanding that Liberia cede disputed territory to the British colony of Sierra Leone.
• March 22 - Polygamy is made a felony by the Edmunds Act as passed by the U.S. Congress.
• March 24 - Robert Koch announces the discovery of the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).
• March 28 - Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in France free, non-clerical (laique) and obligatory.
• March 29 - The Knights of Columbus are established.
• March - Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claims to be the 'Reformer of Islam' or Majaddid of the Muslim 14th century.

April - June

• April 3 - Old West outlaw Jesse James is shot in the back and killed by Robert Ford.
• May 2 - Charles Stewart Parnell is released.
• May 6
• The "Invincibles" (militant Irish republicans) kill Lord Frederick Cavendish, chief secretary for Ireland and permanent undersecretary T.H. Burke in Phoenix Park, Dublin;
• The Chinese Exclusion Act is the first important law which restricts immigration into the U.S.A.
• May 20 - The Triple Alliance is formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy.
• June 6
• A cyclone in the Arabian Sea causes flooding in Bombay harbor, leaving about 100,000 dead.
• Battle of Embabo: The Shewan forces of Menelik defeat the Gojjame army.
• June 11 - The Urabi Revolt breaks out in Egypt against the Khedive and European influence in that country.
• June 30 - U.S. presidential assassin Charles Guiteau is hanged.

July - September

• July 11 - British troops occupy Alexandria and the Suez Canal.
• July 26 - Boers establish the republic of Stellaland in southern Africa.
• July 31 - The Hebrew Moshava of Rishon Le-Zion is founded.
• August 3 - The U.S. Congress passes the 1882 Immigration Act.
• August 5 - Standard Oil of New Jersey is established.
• August 20 - Piotr Ilyitch Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow.
• September 5 - The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
• September 13 - 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War: British troops occupy Cairo, and Egypt becomes a British protectorate.

October - December

• October 5 - The Society for Ethical Culture of Chicago - (currently the Ethical Humanist Society of Chicago) is founded by Felix Adler.
• October 14 - The University of the Punjab is founded in present day Pakistan.
• October 16 - The Nickel Plate Railroad opens for business.
• November 16 - The Royal Navy's HMS Flirt destroys Abari village in Niger.
• December 6 - The last transit of the planet Venus until 2004 occurs.
• December - Zichron Yaakov is founded in northern Israel.

Undated

• Nikola Tesla conceives the rotating magnetic field principle and uses it to invent the alternating current generator/motor.
• First International Polar Year, an international scientific program, begins.
• Ferdinand von Lindemann publishes his proof of the transcendentality of pi.
• The Married Women's Property Act 1882 in Britain enables women to buy, own and sell property and to keep their own earnings.
• Zulu king Cetshwayo returns to South Africa.
• A peace treaty is signed between Paraguay and Uruguay.
• The British Chartered Institute of Patent Agents is founded (now called Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys).
• The Personal Liberty League is established to oppose the temperance movement in the United States.
• Carolyn Merrick is elected president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union.
• St Andrew's Ambulance Association in Glasgow, Scotland, and St. John Ambulance in Canada are founded.
• Founding of:
• Waterloo Rugby Club
• Tottenham Hotspur F.C. (as Hotspur F.C.)
• Albion Rovers F.C. (though the amalgamation of two Coatbridge clubs, Albion and Rovers)
• Queens Park Rangers F.C.
• Burnley F.C.
• Thames Ditton Lawn Tennis Club
• Redruth Mining School opens.
• Pogroms in Southern Russia end.

Births

January - June

• January 6
• Fan S. Noli, Albanian poet and political figure (d. 1965)
• Sam Rayburn, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1961)
• January 17 - Noah Beery, American actor (d. 1946)
• January 18 - A. A. Milne, British author (d. 1956)
• January 25 - Virginia Woolf, English writer (d. 1941)
• January 30 - Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 32nd President of the United States (d. 1945)
• February 1 - Louis Stephen St. Laurent, twelfth Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1973)
• February 2 - James Joyce, Irish author (d. 1941)
• February 4 - E. J. Pratt, Canadian poet (d. 1964)
• February 15 - John Barrymore, American actor (d. 1942)
• February 22 - Eric Gill, British sculptor and writer (d. 1940)
• February 26 - Husband E. Kimmel, American admiral (d. 1968)
• February 28 - Geraldine Farrar, American soprano (d. 1967)
• March 6 - F. Burrall Hoffman, American architect (d. 1980)
• March 14 - Waclaw Sierpinski, Polish mathematician (d. 1969)
• March 15 - Jim Lightbody, American runner (d. 1953)
• March 18 - Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer (d. 1973)
• March 23 - Emmy Noether, German mathematician (d. 1935)
• March 26 - Hermann Obrecht, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 1940)
• March 30 - Melanie Klein, Viennese child psychoanalyst (d. 1960)
• April 4 - Kurt von Schleicher, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1934)
• April 17 - Artur Schnabel, Polish pianist (d. 1951)
• April 18
• Isabel J. Cox, wife of Canadian prime minister Arthur Meighen (d. 1985)
• Leopold Stokowski, English conductor (d. 1977)
• Monteiro Lobato, Brazilian writer (d. 1948)
• April 19 - Getúlio Vargas, president of Brazil (d. 1954)
• April 21 - Percy Williams Bridgman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
• April 24 - Hugh Dowding, commander of the RAF Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain (d. 1970)
• April 29 - H.N. Werkman, Dutch artist and printer (d. 1945)
• May 5 - Sylvia Pankhurst, suffragette (d. 1960)
• May 6 - Crown Prince Wilhelm of Germany, heir of Kaiser Wilhelm II (d. 1951)
• May 9
• Henry J. Kaiser, American industrialist (d. 1967)
• George Barker, American painter (d. 1965)
• May 13 - Georges Braque, French painter (d. 1963)
• May 19 - Mohammed Mossadegh, Iranian prime minister (d. 1967)
• May 20 - Sigrid Undset, Norwegian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1949)
• May 30 - Wyndham Halswelle, British runner (d. 1915)
• June 9 - Bobby Kerr, Canadian sprinter (d. 1963)
• June 15 - Ion Antonescu, Romanian prime minister and dictator (d. 1946)
• June 17
• Igor Stravinsky, Russian composer (d. 1971)
• Adolf Friedrich VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1918)

July - December

• July 8 - Percy Aldridge Grainger, Australian composer (d. 1962)
• July 22 - Edward Hopper, American painter (d. 1967)
• July 25 - George S. Rentz, United States Navy Chaplain and Navy Cross winner (d. 1942)
• July 27 - Geoffrey de Havilland, British aviation pioneer and aircraft company founder (d. 1965)
• August 14 - Gisela Richter, English art historian (d. 1972)
• August 17 - Samuel Goldwyn, Hollywood movie mogul (d. 1974)
• August 25 - Seán T. O'Kelly, second President of Ireland (d. 1966)
• August 26 - James Franck, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
• September - Ma Rainey, blues singer (d. 1939)
• September 13 - Ramón Grau, Cuban president (d. 1969)
• October 3 - A. Y. Jackson, Canadian painter (d. 1974)
• October 5 - Robert Goddard, American rocket scientist (d. 1945)
• October 6 - Karol Szymanowski, Polish composer (d. 1937)
• October 14
• Éamon de Valera, Taoiseach and third President of Ireland (d. 1975)
• Charlie Parker, English cricketer (d. 1959)
• October 20 - Béla Lugosi, Hungarian-born actor (d. 1956)
• October 25 - Florence Easton, English opera soprano (d. 1955)
• November 11 - King Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden (d. 1973)
• November 15 - Felix Frankfurter, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (d. 1965)
• December 9 - Joaquín Turina, Spanish composer (d. 1949)
• December 11
• Subramanya Bharathy, Tamil Indian poet (d. 1921)
• Max Born, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
• December 16
• Zoltán Kodály, Hungarian composer (d. 1967)
• Jack Hobbs, English cricketer (d. 1963)
• December 31 - Martin O'Meara, Australian soldier (d. 1935)

Deaths

January - June

• January 7 - Ignacy Lukasiewicz, Polish pharmacist and inventor of the first method of distilling kerosene from seep oil, creator of the first oil lamp (b. 1822)
• January 6 - Richard Henry Dana, founder of Dana Point, CA (b. 1815)
• January 13 - Juraj Dobrila, Croatian bishop (b. 1812)
• February 6 - J. J. McCarthy, Irish architect (b. 1817)
• March 9 - Giovanni Lanza, Italian politician (b. 1810)
• March 24 - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, American author (b. 1807)
• April 3 - Jesse James, American Western outlaw (b. 1847)
• April 10 - Dante Gabriel Rossetti, English poet and painter (b. 1828)
• April 17
• George Jennings, English sanitary engineer (b. 1801)
• Antonio Fontanesi, Italian painter (b. 1818)
• April 19 - Charles Darwin, British naturalist (b. 1809)
• April 27 - Ralph Waldo Emerson, American philosopher and writer (b. 1803)
• June 2 - Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian patriot (b. 1807)
• June 3 - Christian Wilberg, German painter (b. 1839)
• June 25
• François Jouffroy, French sculptor (b. 1806)
• Mikhail Skobelev, Russian general (b. 1843)
• June 30 - Alberto Henschel, German-Brazilian photographer and businessman (b. 1827)

July - December

• July 4 - Joseph Brackett, American Shaker religious leader and composer (b. 1797)
• July 16 - Mary Todd Lincoln, First Lady of the United States (b. 1818)
• July 20 - Fanny Parnell, Irish poet and founder of the Ladies' Land League (b. 1848)
• August 31 - Pedro Luiz Napoleão Chernoviz, Brazilian physician, writer and publisher (b. 1812)
• September 8 - Joseph Liouville, French mathematician (b. 1809)
• September 30 - José Milla y Vidaurre, Guatemalan writer (b. 1822)
• November 7 - Julius Hübner, German painter (b. 1806)
• November 14 - Billy Claiborne, American gunfighter (b. 1860)
• December 3 - Archibald Campbell Tait, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1811)
• December 6
• Alfred Escher, Swiss politician, railroad entrepreneur (b. 1819)
• Louis Blanc, French politician and historian (b. 1811)
• December 18 - Henry James Sr., American theologian (b. 1811)
• December 21 - Francesco Hayez, Italian painter (b. 1791)
• December 31 - Léon Gambetta, French statesman (b. 1838)

External links

• 1882 Coin Pictures