1180

Events

• April 13 — Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen Charter.
• September 24 - Alexius II Comnenus becomes Byzantine Emperor.
• November 18 — Philip II becomes King of France.
• During the third year of the Jisho era of Japan, a devastating whirlwind damages Kyoto.
• Emperor Antoku succeeds Emperor Takakura as emperor of Japan.
• Afonso I of Portugal is taken prisoner by Ferdinand II of Leon.
• Artois is annexed by France.
• Prince Mochihito amasses a large army and instigates the Genpei War between the Taira and Minamoto clans.
• Frederick Barbarossa removes Henry the Lion from the Duchy of Saxony, and creates the Duchies of Westphalia and Styria.
• The Wittelsbach Family takes control of Bavaria.
• Kilij Arslan II allies with Saladin after the death of Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Comnenus.
• Alexander Neckam becomes a lecturer in Paris, and writes De Natura Rerum, an early mention of chess (approximate date).
• Estimation: Hangzhou, capital of Southern Song China, becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Fes in the Almohad Empire.
• The last major volcanic eruption occurs of Sunset Crater, in Arizona.

Births

• August 6 — Emperor Go-Toba of Japan (d. 1239)
• Berenguela of Castile, queen of Alfonso IX of Castile (d. 1246)
• Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, English soldier (d. 1230)
• King Eric X of Sweden (d. 1216)

Deaths

• September 18 — King Louis VII of France (b. 1120)
• September 24 — Manuel I Comnenus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1118)
• October 25 — John of Salisbury, French bishop (b. c. 1120)
• Al-Mustadi, Caliph (b. 1142)
• William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber
• Abraham ibn Daud, philosopher (martyred) (b. c. 1120)
• Roman I of Kiev
• Yaroslav II of Kiev
• Prince Mochihito, son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan
• Minamoto no Yorimasa, Japanese samurai (b. 1106)
• Zhu Shuzhen, Chinese female poet

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