Fungal diseases
|
Anthracnose leaf blight
Anthracnose stalk rot | Colletotrichum graminicola
Glomerella graminicola [teleomorph]
Glomerella tucumanensis
Glomerella falcatum [anamorph]
|
| Aspergillus ear and kernel rot | Aspergillus flavus |
| Banded leaf and sheath spot | Rhizoctonia solani = Rhizoctonia microsclerotia
Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph]
|
| Black bundle disease | Acremonium strictum = Cephalosporium acremonium |
| Black kernel rot | Lasiodiplodia theobromae = Botryodiplodia theobromae |
| Borde blanco | Marasmiellus sp. |
Brown spot
Black spot
Stalk rot | Physoderma maydis |
| Cephalosporium kernel rot | Acremonium strictum = Cephalosporium acremonium |
| Charcoal rot | Macrophomina phaseolina |
| Corticium ear rot | Thanatephorus cucumeris = Corticium sasakii |
| Curvularia leaf spot | Curvularia clavata
C. eragrostidis = C. maculans
Cochliobolus eragrostidis [teleomorph]
Curvularia inaequalis
C. intermedia
Cochliobolus intermedius [teleomorph]
Curvularia lunata
Cochliobolus lunatus [teleomorph]
Curvularia pallescens
Cochliobolus pallescens [teleomorph]
Curvularia senegalensis
C. tuberculata
Cochliobolus tuberculatus [teleomorph]
|
| Didymella leaf spot | Didymella exitalis |
| Diplodia ear rot and stalk rot | Diplodia frumenti
Botryosphaeria festucae [teleomorph]
|
Diplodia ear rot
Stalk rot
Seed rot
Seedling blight | Diplodia maydis |
| Diplodia leaf spot or leaf streak | Stenocarpella macrospora = Diplodia macrospora |
| Downy mildews
|
| Brown stripe downy mildew | Sclerophthora rayssiae |
| Crazy top downy mildew | Sclerophthora macrospora = Sclerospora macrospora |
Green ear downy mildew
Graminicola downy mildew | Sclerospora graminicola |
| Java downy mildew | Peronosclerospora maydis = Sclerospora maydis |
| Philippine downy mildew | Peronosclerospora philippinensis = Sclerospora philippinensis |
| Sorghum downy mildew | Peronosclerospora sorghi = Sclerospora sorghi |
| Spontaneum downy mildew | Peronosclerospora spontanea = Sclerospora spontanea |
| Sugarcane downy mildew | Peronosclerospora sacchari = Sclerospora sacchari |
| ...
|
Dry ear rot
Cob, kernel and stalk rot | Nigrospora oryzae
Khuskia oryzae [teleomorph]
|
| Ear rots, minor | Alternaria alternata = A. tenuis
Aspergillus glaucus
A. niger
Aspergillus spp.
Botrytis cinerea
Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph]
Cunninghamella sp.
Curvularia pallescens
Doratomyces stemonitis = Cephalotrichum stemonitis
Fusarium culmorum
Gonatobotrys simplex
Pithomyces maydicus
Rhizopus microsporus
R. stolonifer = R. nigricans
Scopulariopsis brumptii
|
Ergot
Horse's tooth | Claviceps gigantea
Sphacelia sp. [anamorph]
|
| Eyespot | Aureobasidium zeae = Kabatiella zeae |
| Fusarium ear and stalk rot | Fusarium subglutinans = F. moniliforme |
| Fusarium kernel, root and stalk rot, seed rot and seedling blight | Fusarium moniliforme Gibberella fujikuroi [teleomorph]
|
Fusarium stalk rot
Seedling root rot | Fusarium avenaceum
Gibberella avenacea [teleomorph]
|
| Gibberella ear and stalk rot | Gibberella zeae
Fusarium graminearum [anamorph]
|
| Gray ear rot | Botryosphaeria zeae = Physalospora zeae
Macrophoma zeae [anamorph]
|
| Gray leaf spot Cercospora leaf spot | Cercospora sorghi = C. sorghi
C. zeae-maydis
|
| Helminthosporium root rot | Exserohilum pedicellatum = Helminthosporium pedicellatum
Setosphaeria pedicellata [teleomorph]
|
Hormodendrum ear rot
Cladosporium rot | Cladosporium cladosporioides = Hormodendrum cladosporioides
C. herbarum
Mycosphaerella tassiana [teleomorph]
|
| Hyalothyridium leaf spot | Hyalothyridium maydis |
| Late wilt | Cephalosporium maydis |
| Leaf spots, minor | Alternaria alternata
Ascochyta maydis
A. tritici
A. zeicola
Bipolaris victoriae = Helminthosporium victoriae
Cochliobolus victoriae [teleomorph]
C. sativus
Bipolaris sorokiniana [anamorph] = H. sorokinianum = H. sativum
Epicoccum nigrum
Exserohilum prolatum = Drechslera prolata
Setosphaeria prolata [teleomorph]
Graphium penicillioides
Leptosphaeria maydis
Leptothyrium zeae
Ophiosphaerella herpotricha
Scolecosporiella sp. [anamorph]
Paraphaeosphaeria michotii
Phoma sp.
Septoria zeae
S. zeicola
S. zeina
|
Northern corn leaf blight
White blast
Crown stalk rot
Stripe | Setosphaeria turcica
Exserohilum turcicum [anamorph] = Helminthosporium turcicum
|
Northern corn leaf spot
Helminthosporium ear rot (race 1) | Cochliobolus carbonum
Bipolaris zeicola [anamorph] = Helminthosporium carbonum
|
Penicillium ear rot
Blue eye
Blue mold | Penicillium spp.
P. chrysogenum
P. expansum
P. oxalicum
|
| Phaeocytostroma stalk rot and root rot | Phaeocytostroma ambiguum = Phaeocytosporella zeae |
| Phaeosphaeria leaf spot | Phaeosphaeria maydis = Sphaerulina maydis |
Physalospora ear rot
Botryosphaeria ear rot | Botryosphaeria festucae = Physalospora zeicola
Diplodia frumenti [anamorph]
|
| Purple leaf sheath | Hemiparasitic bacteria and fungi |
| Pyrenochaeta stalk rot and root rot | Phoma terrestris = Pyrenochaeta terrestris |
| Pythium root rot | Pythium spp.
P. arrhenomanes
P. graminicola
|
| Pythium stalk rot | Pythium aphanidermatum = P. butleri |
Red kernel disease
Ear mold, leaf and seed rot | Epicoccum nigrum |
Rhizoctonia ear rot
Sclerotial rot | Rhizoctonia zeae
Waitea circinata [teleomorph]
|
| Rhizoctonia root rot and stalk rot | Rhizoctonia solani
R. zeae
|
| Root rots, minor | Alternaria alternata
Cercospora sorghi
Dictochaeta fertilis
Fusarium acuminatum
Gibberella acuminata [teleomorph]
F. equiseti
G. intricans [teleomorph]
F. oxysporum
F. pallidoroseum
F. poae
F. roseum
G. cyanogena
F. sulphureum [anamorph]
Microdochium bolleyi
Mucor sp.
Periconia circinata
Phytophthora cactorum
P. drechsleri
P. nicotianae
Rhizopus arrhizus
|
Rostratum leaf spot
Helminthosporium leaf disease, ear and stalk rot | Setosphaeria rostrata = Helminthosporium rostratum |
| Rust, common corn | Puccinia sorghi |
| Rust, southern corn | Puccinia polysora |
| Rust, tropical corn | Physopella pallescens
P. zeae = Angiopsora zeae
|
| Sclerotium ear rot Southern blight | Sclerotium rolfsii
Athelia rolfsii [teleomorph]
|
| Seed rot-seedling blight | Bipolaris sorokiniana
B. zeicola = Helminthosporium carbonum
Diplodia maydis
Exserohilum pedicillatum
Exserohilum turcicum = Helminthosporium turcicum
Fusarium avenaceum
F. culmorum
F. moniliforme
Gibberella zeae
F. graminearum [anamorph]
Macrophomina phaseolina
Penicillium spp.
Phomopsis spp.
Pythium spp.
Rhizoctonia solani
R. zeae
[[Sclerotium rolfsii
Spicaria spp.
|
| Selenophoma leaf spot | Selenophoma sp. |
| Sheath rot | Gaeumannomyces graminis |
| Shuck rot | Myrothecium gramineum |
| Silage mold | Monascus purpureus
M. ruber
|
| Smut, common | Ustilago zeae = U. maydis |
| Smut, false | Ustilaginoidea virens |
| Smut, head | Sphacelotheca reiliana = Sporisorium holci-sorghi |
| Southern corn leaf blight and stalk rot | Cochliobolus heterostrophus
Bipolaris maydis [anamorph] = Helminthosporium maydis
|
| Southern leaf spot | Stenocarpella macrospora = Diplodia macrospora |
| Stalk rots, minor | Cercospora sorghi
Fusarium episphaeria
F. merismoides
F. oxysporum
F. poae
F. roseum
F. solani
Nectria haematococca [teleomorph]
F. tricinctum
Mariannaea elegans
Mucor spp.
Rhopographus zeae
Spicaria spp.
|
| Storage rots | Aspergillus spp.
Penicillium spp. and other fungi
|
| Tar spot | Phyllachora maydis |
| Trichoderma ear rot and root rot | Trichoderma viride = T. lignorum
Hypocrea sp. [teleomorph]
|
| White ear rot, root and stalk rot | Stenocarpella maydis = Diplodia zeae |
| Yellow leaf blight | Ascochyta ischaemi
Phyllosticta maydis
Mycosphaerella zeae-maydis [teleomorph]
|
| Zonate leaf spot | Gloeocercospora sorghi |
Nematodes, parasitic
|
| Awl | Dolichodorus spp.
D. heterocephalus
|
| Bulb and stem | Ditylenchus dipsaci |
| Burrowing | Radopholus similis |
| Cyst | Heterodera avenae
H. zeae
Punctodera chalcoensis
|
| Dagger | Xiphinema spp.
X. americanum
X. mediterraneum
|
| False root-knot | Nacobbus dorsalis |
| Lance, Columbia | Hoplolaimus columbus |
| Lance | Hoplolaimus spp.
H. galeatus
|
| Lesion | Pratylenchus spp.
P. brachyurus
P. crenatus
P. hexincisus
P. neglectus
P. penetrans
P. scribneri
P. thornei
P. zeae
|
| Needle | Longidorus spp.
L. breviannulatus
|
| Ring | Criconemella spp.
C. ornata
|
| Root-knot | Meloidogyne spp.
M. chitwoodi
M. incognita
M. javanica
|
| Spiral | Helicotylenchus spp. |
| Sting | Belonolaimus spp.
B. longicaudatus
|
| Stubby-root | Paratrichodorus spp.
P. christiei
P. minor
Quinisulcius acutus
Trichodorus spp.
|
| Stunt | Tylenchorhynchus dubius |
Virus and virus-like diseases
|
| American wheat striate (wheat striate mosaic) | American wheat striate mosaic virus mosaic (AWSMV) |
| Barley stripe mosaic | Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) |
| Barley yellow dwarf | Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) |
| Brome mosaic | Brome mosaic virus (BMV) |
| Cereal chlorotic mottle | Cereal chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) |
| Corn lethal necrosis | Virus complex (Maize chlorotic mottle virus [MCMV] and Maize dwarf mosaic virus [MDMV] A or B or Wheat streak mosaic virus [WSMV]) |
| Cucumber mosaic | Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) |
| Johnsongrass mosaic | Johnsongrass mosaic virus (JGMV) |
| Maize bushy stunt | Mycoplasmalike organism (MLO), assoc. |
| Maize chlorotic dwarf | Maize chlorotic dwarf virus (MCDV) |
| Maize chlorotic mottle | Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) |
| Maize dwarf mosaic | Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) strains A, D, E and F |
| Maize leaf fleck | Maize leaf fleck virus (MLFV) |
| Maize line* | Maize line virus (MLV) |
| Maize mosaic (corn leaf stripe, enanismo rayado) | Maize mosaic virus (MMV) |
| Maize pellucid ringspot | Maize pellucid ringspot virus (MPRV) |
| Maize rayado fino (fine striping disease) | Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV) |
| Maize red leaf and red stripe | Mollicute? |
| Maize red stripe | Maize red stripe virus (MRSV) |
| Maize ring mottle | Maize ring mottle virus (MRMV) |
| Maize rough dwarf (nanismo ruvido) | Maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV) |
| Maize sterile stunt | Maize sterile stunt virus (strains of barley yellow striate virus) |
| Maize streak | Maize streak virus (MSV) |
| Maize stripe (maize chlorotic stripe, maize hoja blanca) | Maize stripe virus |
| Maize tassel abortion | Maize tassel abortion virus (MTAV) |
| Maize vein enation | Maize vein enation virus (MVEV) |
| Maize wallaby ear | Maize wallaby ear virus (MWEV) |
| Maize white leaf | Maize white leaf virus |
| Maize white line mosaic | Maize white line mosaic virus (MWLMV) |
| Millet red leaf | Millet red leaf virus (MRLV) |
| Northern cereal mosaic | Northern cereal mosaic virus (NCMV) |
| Oat pseudorosette (zakuklivanie) | Oat pseudorosette virus |
| Oat sterile dwarf | Oat sterile dwarf virus (OSDV) |
| Rice black-streaked dwarf | Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) |
| Rice stripe | Rice stripe virus (RSV) |
| Sorghum mosaic | Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), formerly sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) strains H, I and M |
| Sugarcane Fiji disease | Sugarcane Fiji disease virus (FDV) |
| Sugarcane mosaic
| Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) strains A, B, D, E, SC, BC, Sabi and MB (formerly MDMV-B) |
