Republican, river, c.420 mi (680 km) long, formed in S Nebr. by the junction of the North Fork and Arikaree rivers. It is joined by the South Fork at Benkelman and flows E across the rolling grasslands of Nebraska and SE across Kansas to join the Smoky Hill and form the Kansas River at Junction City. Its broad channel traverses a rich agricultural region. The river is included in the Missouri River basin project. Many dams and reservoirs have been built for flood control, irrigation, and power.

Republican paramilitary organization, founded in 1919, seeking the end of British rule in Northern Ireland and the unification of the province with the republic of Ireland. The IRA used armed force to achieve the same objectives as Sinn Féin, though the two always operated independently. After the establishment of the Irish Free State (1922), the IRA refused to accept a separate Northern Ireland, and the violence continued. The IRA was declared illegal in 1931, and the Irish legislature provided for internment without trial for its members. It gained popular support in the 1960s when Roman Catholics in Northern Ireland began a civil rights campaign against discrimination by the dominant Protestant majority. In 1969 the IRA split into the Marxist Official wing, which eschewed violence, and the Provisionals (Provos), Ulster Catholics committed to the use of terror tactics against Ulster Protestants and the British military, tactics that included the 1979 assassination of Lord Mountbatten and the killing of some 1,800 people by the early 1990s. In 1994 the IRA declared a cease-fire, and its political representatives were included in multiparty talks beginning in 1997. Negotiations produced the Good Friday Agreement (1998), in which the IRA agreed to decommission (disarm). In the ensuing years the IRA destroyed some of its weapons but resisted decommissioning its entire armoury, hampering implementation of the peace agreement. In July 2005, however, the IRA announced that it was ending its armed campaign and instead would pursue only peaceful means to achieve its objectives.

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Republican can refer to:

• Classical republicanism, classical theory of the origins and functioning of a commonwealth as a political community
• Advocates of a republic, a form of government, not a monarchy or dictatorship
• Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or against monarchy; the opposite of monarchism
• Republicanism in Australia
• Republicanism in Canada
• Republicanism in New Zealand
• Republicanism in the United Kingdom
• Canadian republican movement
• A member of a Republican Party:
• List of Republican Parties, a complete listing
• Republican Party (United States), the largest conservative party in the U.S.
• Fianna Fáil, a centrist Irish party also known as the Republican Party
• List of Republican People's Parties, a complete listing
• Institutions or supporters of particular governments that called themselves republics, including:
• List of republics, a complete listing
• Roman Republic, as well as supporters of the Republic during the Roman Empire
• Second Spanish Republic, during the Spanish Civil War
• Various French Republics, most notably the First Republic established during the French Revolution
• Irish republicanism, tied up in the Irish independence movement
• Republican River, a river in Colorado, Nebraska, and Kansas in the United States
• The Republican (Springfield), a newspaper published in Springfield, Massachusetts