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Newspaper of record

A newspaper of record is a colloquialism that generally refers to a newspaper that meets at least one of two criteria:

high standards of journalism, the articles of which establish a definitive record of current events, for use by future scholars, and/or
compliance with the legal requirements necessary to be recognized by the government as permitted to carry public or legal notices and have the notices be recognized as being made public by publication in that newspaper. Newspapers qualifying under this provision are sometimes also referred to as a newspaper of public record.

In its more common meaning, a newspaper of record is generally any public newspaper that has a large circulation and whose editorial and news-gathering functions are considered professional and typically unbiased.

Newspapers of record are usually found internationally at newsstands as representative of the publishing country's news. Newspapers of record generally have strong editors, and are allowed to hold independent views from those of their proprietor.

Controversy

Some editors of top Western newspapers consider the term obsolete and meaningless, when used in its strict, "record keeping" meaning. In that meaning, the term is considered a legacy of a time when newspapers were required to print official bulletins, shipping schedules, and the like, before the advent of the more literary forms of modern journalism. Daniel Okrent, at the time the public editor of The New York Times, wrote on April 25 2004 that his paper is no longer a newspaper of record, and that this change is to be welcomed. In his view, the journalism of a "newspaper of record" is "as much stenography as reporting, as much virtual reprinting of handouts (in the form of verbatim transcripts of unexceptional speeches) as provocative journalism." John Geddes, the managing editor of The New York Times, expressed this even more strongly: "I don't think there can be a 'paper of record'. The term implies an omniscient chronicler of events, an arbiter that perfectly captures the significance and import of a day in our lives. I don't work at that place.

List of newspapers of record

Newspapers that meet one or both of the abovementioned criteria to be considered a "newspaper of record" include (classified by language):

Newspapers of record in English, by country

Australia

Bermuda

The Royal Gazette: National

Canada

Egypt

Al-Ahram Weekly: Cairo

Ghana

Daily Graphic: Accra

Hong Kong

India

The Hindu: Chennai (main base)
The Hindustan Times: Delhi (main base)
The Times of India: Mumbai (main base)
The Asian Age: Mumbai (main base)
The Indian Express: Delhi (main base)
Deccan Herald: Bangalore (main base)
The Telegraph: Kolkata (main base)
The Economic Times: Mumbai (main base)
The Statesman: Kolkata (main base)

Ireland

The Irish Times: Dublin

Israel

Kenya

Daily Nation: Nairobi

Lebanon

The Daily Star: Beirut, printed and distributed with the International Herald Tribune

Malaysia

New Straits Times: Kuala Lumpur

New Zealand

The New Zealand Herald: Auckland

However the political neutrality of this paper has recently been questioned with its editorial stance on political matters.

Pakistan

Dawn: Karachi (main base)
The News: Karachi (main base)
Daily Times: Lahore (main base)
The Nation: Lahore (main base)

Philippines

United Kingdom

England

The Times
The Daily Telegraph: London; has also been considered the "other paper of record
The Guardian: Manchester / London
The Independent: London
Financial Times: London (main base)
The London Gazette: London; one of the Official Newspapers of Record of the UK government.

Scotland

The Scotsman: Edinburgh, "Scotland's national newspaper"
The Herald: Glasgow
The Edinburgh Gazette: Edinburgh; one of the Official Newspapers of Record of the UK government.

Wales

The Western Mail: Cardiff, "The national newspaper of Wales".

Northern Ireland

The Belfast Telegraph: Belfast, moderate Unionist
The News Letter: Belfast, Unionist (the oldest English language newspaper still in publication in the world, founded in 1737)
The Irish News: Belfast, moderate Nationalist
The Belfast Gazette: Belfast One of the Official Newspapers of Record of the UK government

United States

Because of the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, and U.S. Supreme Court decisions such as Near v. Minnesota, the government does not (and can not) define certain papers as having a right to print, or otherwise promote, restrict, or license newspapers. Therefore, in the U.S. a newspaper of record is generally held to be any public newspaper that has a large circulation (in many states, public notices are required to be published in a paper "of general circulation"), professional editorial and news-gathering functions, and generally unbiased/objective reporting.

There are provisions whereby a newspaper may file an application to be recognized by the local government as a newspaper of public record for the purpose of publishing legal notices. This is generally done for revenue purposes, as certain types of legal publications (such as fictitious name registrations, mortgage and trust deed foreclosure and notices dealing with a lawsuit) may require publication in a newspaper that is not merely a de facto newspaper of record, but one that has specifically registered with the government as one and been recognized as such. However, being a "newspaper of public record" does not make a periodical into what is known as a "newspaper of record."

This is why, despite its having a large circulation, a newspaper such as The National Enquirer is not considered a newspaper of record (its news-gathering functions are not considered professional, nor are its stories considered unbiased, or even factual), while a paper such as the Washington Post, with a smaller circulation, is generally considered a newspaper of record.

Examples of some newspapers that many would regard as appropriate "newspapers of record" would likely include: