necklace

necklace: see jewelry.

(1785) Scandal at the court of Louis XVI that discredited the French monarchy on the eve of the French Revolution. An adventuress, the countess de la Motte, schemed to acquire a valuable diamond necklace by duping cardinal de Rohan into believing that Queen Marie-Antoinette wanted to obtain it surreptitiously and that he could gain her favour by facilitating its purchase. When the plot came to light, Louis XVI had the cardinal arrested. Though acquitted, the arbitrary treatment of the cardinal deepened impressions of the autocratic nature of the king's government.

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A necklace is an article of jewellery which is worn around the neck. Necklaces are frequently formed from a metal chain, often attached to a locket or pendant. Necklaces can also be manufactured with cloth, and they sometimes contain rocks (particularly gems), wood, and/or shells.

History

Necklaces have been worn throughout history, by both men and women, and have been used as marks of distinction in many cultures, including the ancient Hebrew culture. Necklaces, handsome and richly ornamented, were a principal part of the dress, both of men and women, among the ancient Egyptians; and some idea of the number of jewels they wore (remarks Sir G. Wilkinson) may be formed from those borrowed by the Israelites at the time of the Exodus, and by the paintings of Thebes. They consisted of gold or of beads, of various qualities and shapes, disposed according to fancy and enriched with jewels.

Necklaces of gold thickly set with gems were worn by the Greeks and Romans of both sexes. There was a famous necklace of the most costly precious stones upon the statue of Vesta in Rome, to whose vengeance Zosimus attributes the tragic end of Serena, Stilicho's widow, who had despoiled her of it. By the command of Honorius she was strangled.

The necklace taken from the neck of the Hindu King Jaipal, captured by Mahmud (A.D. 1001) was composed of large pearls, rubies, etc., and was valued at two hundred thousand dinars, or a good deal more than a hundred thousand pounds.

Homer mentions a necklace curiously wrought of gold interwined with amber, which Eurymachus presented to Penelope.

Types of necklaces

Bib Necklace A bib necklace is multiple strands of stepped pearls.Choker A choker is to long and sits on the base of the neck.Dog Collar A dog collar necklace consists of multiple strands of pearls that lay close to the neck.Graduated Necklace A graduated necklace consists of a single strand of pearls that has a large pearl in the middle, with the pearls gradually becoming smaller toward the clasp.Matinee Necklace A matinee necklace is to long and sits at the top of cleavage.Opera Necklace An opera necklace is to long and sits at the breastbone.Princess Necklace A princess necklace is to long. It is between choker and matinee length.Sautoir or Rope Necklace A sautoir or rope necklace is any necklace longer than opera length.Uniform Necklace A uniform necklace consists of pearls that appear to be all the same size, although normally there is a slight difference towards the ends so they appear to be in proportion.

See also

• Affair of the diamond necklace
• Bracelet
• Choker
• Collar
• Figaro chain
• Livery collar
• The Necklace
• Omega chain
• Torc
• Necklace splitting problem