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Fascism (book)

Fascism is a 1995 book edited by Roger Griffin. It is a reader, in the Oxford Readers series, which assembles the writings of various authors on the topic of fascism.

It is largely composed of writings by fascists (with some critics and observers) spanning the prewar, interwar and post-war periods, up to the present.

It was published by Oxford University Press in 1995 as a 410-page paperback (ISBN 0-19-289249-5).

Part, Chapter, or Section	Title	Author
	General Introduction
PART I	FASCISM IN ITALY
A.	Fascism as an Opposition Movement
i.	Pre-1918 Tributaries of Fascism
1.	The War as a Source of National Renewal	Giovanni Papini
2.	The War as a Proletarian Cause	Revolutionary Syndicalism
3.	The War as the Catharsis of Italian Society	Filippo T. Marinetti
4.	The War as a Revolutionary Event	Benito Mussolini
5.	'Trenchocracy'	Benito Mussolini
6.	The Futurist Vision of the New Italy	Political Futurism
7.	From the Old Italy to the New	Alfredo Rocco
8.	The War as the Midwife of a New Italian People	Roberto Farinacci
ii	Fascism in Opposition 23 March 1918 - 27 October 1922
9.	San Sepulcro Fascism	Benito Mussolini
10.	The Regency of Fiume as the Harbinger of the New Italy	Gabriele D'Annunzio and Alceste de Ambris
11.	The Nationalist Blueprint for a New Italy	The Italian Nationalist Association
12.	The Squadistri as the Revolutionaries of the New Italy	Mario Piazzesi
13.	Fascism as the Victory of the New Italy	Luigi Federzoni
14.	The Incorporation of the Peasantry into the Italian Nation	Benito Mussolini
15.	Fascism's Myth: The Nation	Benito Mussolini
iii.	The Coalition Government 30 October 1922 - 3 January 1925
16.	A Futurist Portrait of the New Prime Minister of Italy	Filippo T. Marinetti
17.	The New State Born of Syndicalism and Statism	Sergio Panunzio
18.	Fascism's European Mission	Curzio Malaparte
19.	The End of the Liberal Regime	Benito Mussolini
B.	Fascism in Power January 1925-April 1945
i.	The Formative Years of the 'Totalitarian' Regime January 1925-February 1929
20.	Fascism as a Total Conception of Life	Giovanni Gentile
21.	Fascist Mysticism	Italian Fasci Abroad
22.	Fascism as the Creator of the Third Italian Civilization	Benito Mussolini
23.	The Leader as the Voice of the Reborn Race	Augusto Turati
24.	The Strength in Numbers	Benito Mussolini
25.	The Strength in Numbers	Benito Mussolini
26.	The Anti-Modernist Aesthetic of Strapaese	Mino Maccari
27.	The University as the Incubator of a Fascist Elite	Giuseppe Bottai
28.	The Achievements of the Fascist Revolution	Benito Mussolini
ii	The Period of Consolidation 1930-1934
29.	Towards a Fascist Europe	Asvero Gravelli
30.	The Role of Youth under Fascism	Giovanni Giurati
31.	Fascist Corporativism as the Key to a New International Order	Ugo Spirito
32.	Mussolini's Century	Giuseppe Bottai
33.	Going to the People	Achille Starace
34.	The Birth of a New Civilization	Benito Mussolini
iii	Imperialist Expansion and Alignment with Nazism 1935-1939
35.	The Vital Need for Empire	Benito Mussolini
36. (a)	From the Abyssinian Campaign	Marching songs of Fascist Soldiers Abroad
36. (b)	From the Spanish Campaign	Marching songs of Fascist Soldiers Abroad
37.	The Autarkic Mentality and the New Fascist Order	Edmondo Rossoni
38.	Blood Brothers: Fascism and Nazism	Benito Mussolini
39.	The Introduction of Fascist Racial Policy	Gioacchino Volpe
iv	Fascism at War 1940-1943
40.	People of Italy! Run to your Arms!	Benito Mussolini
41.	Safeguarding Europe's Birthright against the Jewish Conspiracy	Alfredo Cioffi
42.	The New Europe which will Arise from the Axis Victory	Carlo Costamagna
v	The Italian Socialist Republic 1943-1945
43.	Fascism Reborn	The Fascist Republican Party
44.	The Greatest Massacre of All Time: Democracy	Benito Mussolini
45.	What Might Have Been: Axis Europe	Benito Mussolini
PART II	FASCISM IN GERMANY
A.	German Fascism before the Nazi Seizure of Power
i	Pre-1914 Precursors of German Fascism
46.	The Redemptive Mission of German Culture	Richard Wagner
47.	The Need to Transcend Liberalism	Paul De LaGarde
48.	The Rebirth of German Genius	Julius Langbehn
49.	Planting the New Reich	Stefan George
50.	The Need for the Nation to be Healed	Theodor Fritsch
ii	Non-Nazi German Fascisms
51.	The Resurgence of the West	Otto Dickel
52.	The Eternal German Reich	Arthur Moeller Van Den Bruck
53.	The Organic German Nation	Edgar Jung
54.	The Great War: Father of a New Age	Ernst Junger
55.	The Germany of the Freikorps	Ernst von Salomon
56.	The Emergence of a New Type of Human Being	Ernst Junger
57.	The Prussian Spirit: Salvation of the White Race	Oswald Spengler
58.	The German Knight as the Key to Europe's Recovery	Otto Strasser
iii	Nazism before 1933
59.	The Mission of the Nazi Movement	Adolf Hitler
60.	Barren Trees	Franz Pfeffer Von Salomon
61.	'Christ-Socialism'	Joseph Goebbels
62.	Let there be Light	Gottfried Feder
63.	Motherhood and Warriorhood as the Key to a National Socialism	Gregor Strasser
64.	Nordic Thinking and the German Rebirth	Hans F. K. Günther
65.	Breeding a New Nobility	Richard Walther Darré
66.	The New Human Synthesis	E. Gunther Grundel
B.	German Fascism in Power 1933-1945
i	The Establishment of the Third Reich 1933-1935
67.	German Rebirth	Alfred Rosenberg
68.	The Third Reich as Savior of the West	Hermann Göring
69.	The Total Revolution of National Socialism	Joseph Goebbels
70.	The New Breed of German	Gottfried Benn
71.	The New German Woman	Paula Siber
72.	The Legal Basis of the Total State	Carl Schmitt
73.	The Place of Art in Germany's Political Reawakening	Adolf Hitler
ii	The Period of Consultation 1936-1939
74.	Soldierly Economics	Werner Daitz
75.	The Joy of the National Socialist Economy	Robert Ley
76.	The Expansionary Spirit of a Rejuvenated People	Paul Ritter
77.	Nazism's World Crusade against the Jews	Hammer Press
78.	The Divine Mission of the SS	Heinrich Himmler
79.	The Role of Youth in Perpetuating the Third Reich	Willi F. Konitzer
80.	The Successful Cleansing of German Culture	Helmuth Langenbucher
81.	National Socialism as the Custodian of European Being	Martin Heidegger
82.	The Third Reich as the Cure for the European Sickness	Christoph Steding
iii	The Third Reich at War 1939-1945
83.	The New European Order	Paul Herre
84.	A National Socialist Common Market	Hans S. V. Heister
85.	Improving the Stock	Walter Gross
86.	The True Meaning of the War	Joseph Goebbels
87.	The Ultimate Turning-Point: Total War	Robert Ley
88.	Moral Dilemmas	Heinrich Himmler
89.	Heimat	Schwarzes Korps
90.	The Rebirth of National Socialism	Adolf Hitler
PART III	ABORTIVE FASCISMS 1922-1945
A.	European Fascisms
i.	Britain
91.	Christ, Nietzsche, and Caesar	Oswald Mosley
92.	Towards a Fascist Europe	Oswald Mosley
93.	A Corporate Britain	Alexander Raven Thomson
94.	Britain Awake!	E.D. Randell
95.	A Spiritual Typhus	Arthur Kenneth Chesterton
96.	Hitler Shows the Way	William Joyce
ii	Ireland
97.	The New Corporate Ireland	Eoin O'Duffy
iii	Spain
98.	The Voice of Spain	Ramiro Ledesma Ramos
99.	Total Feeling	Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera
100.	Bread and Justice	Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera
101.	A New Breed of Spaniards	Antonio Vallejo-Nagera
iv	Portugal
102.	The Wind of Change	Rolão Preto
103.	Ersatz Fascism	Rolão Preto
v	France
104.	Empty Portfolios	George Valois
105.	Saving France	Jacques Doriot
106.	The European Revolution and the New State	Marcel Déat
107.	The Rebirth of European Man	Pierre Drieu La Rochelle
vi	Belgium
108.	The Revolution of Souls	Leon Degrelle
109.	Fascism's Century	Jose Streel
vii	Norway
110.	The Nordic Revival	Vidkun Quisling
111.	A Greater Norway	Vidkun Quisling
viii	Finland
112.	The Battle for the New Finland	Lapua
113.	The Revolution of the Finnish Heart	Elias Simojoki
ix	Estonia
114.	A New Estonia	Evl
x	Latvia
115.	A Latvian Latvia	Gustavs Celmiņš
xi	Romania
116.	The Romanian Legionary's Mission in Spain	Ion Moţa
117.	The Resurrection of the Race	Corneliu Codreanu
xii	Hungary
118.	Hungarism	Ferenc Szálasi
B.	Non-European Fascisms
i.	South Africa
119.	The Reawakening of the Boerevolk	Ossewabrandwag
ii	Chile
120.	Chilean Action and National Regeneration	Carlos Keller
121.	The Soul of the Race	Jorge González von Mareés
iii	Brazil
122.	A Fourth Era of Humanity Dawns	Plinio Salgado
123.	The Soul of the Nation Awakens	Plinio Salgado
iv	Japan
124.	The Need for a Totalitarian Japan	Nakano Seigō
125.	Write Your Own Mein Kampf	Nakano Seigō
PART IV	THEORIES OF FASCISM
A.	Reactions to Fascism 1920-1945
i	Ambivalent or Positive Reactions to the Spread of Fascism
126.	Black Sheep	Vilfredo Pareto
127.	A Plague of Amateur Mussolinis	Kenneth Roberts
128.	A Sunny Disposition	Robert Michels
129.	The Italian Volksstaat	Johann W. Mannhardt
130.	The Italian Experiment	Erwin von Beckerath
131.	To Each Country its Own Fascism	James Strachey Barnes
132.	The Makers of Europe	Giuseppe Borgese
133.	A Sense of Humor	Sir Charles Petrie
134.	A Bad Good Thing	H.G. Wells
ii	Interpretations of Fascism by Marxists
135.	Three Comintern Responses to Fascism	Comintern
(a)	Opening the Door to Fascism	Comintern
(b)	White Terror	Comintern
(c)	Fruit of the Womb	Comintern
136.	Erroneous Definitions	Palmiro Togliatti
137.	The Purging Fires of Fascism	R. Palme Dutt
138.	The Return of the Dark Ages	E. J. Strachey
iii	Democratic Critiques of Fascism
139.	Tribal Loyalties	G.D.H. and M.I. Cole
140.	Dragon's Teeth	R.A. Brady
141.	The Hopeless Task	Karl Polanyi
142.	Rabbits Ruled by Stoats	George Orwell
143.	Black Magic	Peter Drucker
144.	The Iron Heel	Max Horkheimer
iv	Four Wartime Analyses of Fascism
145.	Forcing Elephants into Foxholes	Wilhelm Reich
146.	The Fear of Freedom	Erich Fromm
147.	Market Forces	Harold Laski
148.	Rationalism Debunked	Talcott Parsons
B.	Post-War Judgements on Fascism
i	Some Approaches to Fascism
149.	Paradigms of Fascism	Bernt Hagtvet and Stein Larsen
a.	Marxist Approaches
150.	The View From Moscow	A Soviet Political Dictionary
151.	The View from East Germany	Joachim Petzold
152.	The View of a Western Marxist	Martin Kitchen
b.	Fascism as the Product of Structural Forces
153.	Extremism of the Centre	Seymour M. Lipset
154.	Defective Nation-Building	Bernt Hagtvet and Stein Rokkan
155.	Redemptive Potential	Geoffrey Eley
c.	Psycho-Historical Approaches
156.	Fear and Destructiveness	The Frankfurt School
157.	Making Sense	Gerald M. Platt
158.	Raising the Dead	Klaus Theweleit
d.	Modernization Theories
159.	Blood and Death	Barrington Moore
160.	Utopian Anti-Modernism	Henry A. Turner Jun
161.	Fascist Modernity	Emilio Gentile
ii	Some Individual Theories of the Fascist Minimum
162.	Resisting Transcendence	Ernst Nolte
163.	The Total Charismatic Community	A. James Gregor
164.	The Latecomer	Juan B. Linz
165.	Verbal Revolutionarism	Renzo de Felice
166.	A Mulish Concept	Gilbert Allardyce
167.	A Third Way	George L. Mosse
168.	A New Nationalist Authoritarian State	Stanley Payne
160.	A New Civilization	Zeev Sternhell
170.	The New Synthesis	Roger Eatwell
PART V	POST-WAR FASCISMS
i	Verdicts on the 'Fascist Era' from Veteran Fascists
171.	Fascism: Myth and Reality	Julius Evola
172.	The Third Reich: The Triumph of the Demagogues	Ernst Niekisch
173.	Lenin was Right	Maurice Bardeche
174.	The Ideals of the Fascist Era	Leon Degrelle
175.	The Lunacy of Fascism and Nazism	Arthur Kenneth Chesterton
176.	Hubris and Miscalculation	Oswald Mosley
ii	Discourses of Post-War Fascism
(a)	Universal Nazism
177.	The Revival of National Socialism	Colin Jordan
178.	A Racist Catechism	The West European Foundation
179.	How to Save Europe	Guy Amaudruz
(b)	Holocaust Denial
180.	The Miracle of the Telephone Box	Leon Degrelle
181.	A Monumental Lie	Thies Christophersen
182.	An Ever-Flowing River	John Day
(c)	Historical Revisionism
183.	The Bicycle Thief	David Irving
184.	Laying it on the Line	David Irving
185.	From Class War to Race War	Ernst Nolte
186.	Truth and Fiction	Gerhard Frey
(d)	Eurofascism
187.	The European Revolution	The Malmo Manifesto
188.	The True Europe's Revolt against the Modern World	Julius Evola
189.	Europe a Nation	Oswald Mosley
(e)	The New Right
190.	Regenerating History	Alain de Benoist
191.	The Metapolitical Rebirth of Europe	Pierre Krebbs
192.	A Breath of Fresh Air	Michael Walker
(f)	The Conservative Revolution
193.	German Nihilism	Armin Mohler
194.	The Will to Modernity of the Conservative Revolution	Louis Dupeux
195.	Heroic Realism	Robert Steukers
(g)	Third Position
196.	The European Genius and the Rediscovery of the Sacred	Adolfo Morganti
197.	The Political Soldier and the National Revolution	Derek Holland
198.	A Community of Destiny	Groupe Union Defense
iii	Contemporary Expressions of Fascism
(a)	Ideological Fascism
199.	Songs for Europe	Skrewdriver
200.	The Immortal Principle	Hartwig Huber
201.	The Greening of Nazism	Padraig Cullen
202.	Spiritual AIDS	John Tyndall
(b)	Militant Fascism
203.	Blood, Soil, and Faith	L'Oeuvre Francaise
204.	The Cleansing Hurricane	William Pierce
205.	Patriots of the World Unite!	Paymat
206.	God's Own	Afrikaner-Weerstandsbeweging
207.	The Romanian Ethnocratic State	973-35-1068-8
(c)	Electoral Fascism
208.	Living Stones of the New Spain	Frente Nacional
209.	The European Home	Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands
210.	Saving the Nation	British National Party
211.	For a New Italy	Movimento Sociale Italiano
212.	King Kong Meets his Match	Russia's Liberal Democratic Party
	EPILOGUE
213.	The Deadly Trunk of Fascism	Primo Levi
	Select Bibliography
	Acknowledgements
	Index