Claus von Bülow graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge, and worked as personal assistant to J. Paul Getty after having practised law in London in the 1950s. Getty wrote that von Bülow showed "remarkable forbearance and good nature" as Getty's occasional whipping boy. Von Bülow remained with Getty until 1968. On June 6, 1966, von Bülow married Sunny, the ex-wife of Prince Alfred of Auersperg. Sunny has a son and a daughter from her first marriage, and she and von Bülow have a daughter, Cosima Iona von Bülow, born in 1967.
In 1982, von Bülow was tried for the attempted murder of Sunny, which allegedly occurred at her estate, Clarendon Court, in Newport, Rhode Island. At the trial in Newport, von Bülow was found guilty and sentenced to thirty years in prison; he appealed, hiring Harvard Law Professor Alan Dershowitz to represent him. Professor Dershowitz and associates rendered doubtful the first trial's most damning evidence and testimony; in 1984 the conviction was reversed; in 1985, after a second trial, von Bülow was found not guilty on all charges. Sunny's family remained convinced of Claus's guilt. For having sided with her father, Cosima von Bülow was disinherited by her maternal grandmother, Annie Laurie (Crawford) Aitken. Von Bülow's two stepchildren from Sunny's previous marriage sued him for $56 million. As a result, von Bülow renounced his claim to Sunny's $75 million personal fortune in exchange for Cosima's reinstatement as heiress to the Crawford fortune.
Currently, von Bülow lives in London, writing art and theatre reviews. His ex-wife, Sunny von Bülow, remains comatose at a private nursing home..
Professor Dershowitz wrote the book Reversal of Fortune: Inside the von Bülow case (1985) that was cinematically adapted as Reversal of Fortune (1990). Jeremy Irons starred as Claus von Bülow, and Glenn Close as Sunny von Bülow.
Television reporter Bill Kurtis narrated the American Justice crime series episode titled Von Bülow: A Wealth of Evidence.
The television series Biography produced and aired a documentary episode titled Claus von Bülow: A Reasonable Doubt featuring interviews with Claus von Bülow and Prof. Dershowitz.
Von Bülow is mentioned by Bart Simpson in the episode The Boy Who Knew Too Much.