little magazine

little magazine, term used to designate certain magazines that have as their purpose the publication of art, literature, or social theory by comparatively little-known writers.

Distinguishing Features and Pioneering Publications

Little magazines differ from the large commercial periodicals and major scholarly reviews by their emphasis on experimentation in writing, their perilous nonprofit operation, and their comparatively small audience of intellectuals. Prototypes of the 20th-century little magazine were The Dial (Boston, 1840-44), a transcendentalist review edited by Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, and the English Savoy (1896), a manifesto in revolt against Victorian materialism.

The Twentieth Century

The little-magazine movement in this century began in 1912 with Poetry: A Magazine of Verse (Chicago, 1912-), edited by Harriet Monroe with Ezra Pound as the foreign editor. Poetry enjoyed a long period of success. During World War I a large number of other magazines appeared, the most notable of which were Others (1915-19), edited by Alfred Kreymborg; the Little Review (Chicago, San Francisco, New York, Paris, 1914-29), edited by Margaret Anderson; and the Egoist (London, 1914-19), edited by Dora Mardson (1914) and Harriet Shaw Weaver (1914-19), which voiced the theories and practices of the imagists. The revived Dial, edited in New York in the 1920s by Marianne Moore, had more than 30,000 readers by the middle of that decade.

Among the many poets whose early reputations owed much to little magazines were T. S. Eliot, Robert Frost, Ezra Pound, Edgar Lee Masters, Hart Crane, and Wallace Stevens. James Joyce's Ulysses had its first U.S. printing, in serial installments, in the Little Review. As a result the magazine was banned by court order and subsequently broken financially. Also appearing before 1920 and prefiguring much of the little-magazine movement of the 1930s were the proletarian or left-wing magazines. The first and most significant of these was The Masses (New York, 1911-17), guided principally by Max Eastman and Floyd Dell.

After World War I the "new" literary magazine appeared. Noted examples of this type were the Modern Review (1922-24), edited by Firwoode Tarleton; The Fugitive (Nashville, Tenn., 1922-25), whose editors included John Crowe Ransom, Allen Tate, Donald Davidson, and Robert Penn Warren; Voices (Boston, 1921-65), edited by Harold Vinal; Secession (1922-24), published in Vienna, Berlin, Brooklyn, and elsewhere and edited by Gorham Munson; and Broom (1921-24), a rival of Secession, edited by Harold Loeb and Alfred Kreymborg.

Also important were This Quarter (Paris, Milan, 1925-32), edited by Ernest J. Walsh and The Enemy (London, 1927-29), edited by Wyndham Lewis. The first of the regional magazines also appeared at this time—The Midland (Iowa City, 1915-33), edited by John T. Frederick. Others were The Frontier (1920-39), which celebrated the Pacific Northwest; the Southwest Review (1924-), edited by J. B. Hubbell; Double-Dealer (New Orleans, 1921-26), edited by John McClure; and the Prairie Schooner (1927-).

In the 1930s important little magazines connected with the left-wing movement included New Masses (1926-48); the Modern Quarterly (1923-40); The Anvil (1933-35); Blast (1933-34); and the Partisan Review (1933-), which soon abandoned politics and turned to literary affairs. Notable among the literary magazines were transition (Paris, 1927-38), established by Eugene Jolas; New Verse (London, 1933-39); and Criterion (London, 1922-39), edited by T. S. Eliot.

In the 1940s little magazines came to be associated with groups of writers and poets in academic circles, for example, the Kenyon Review (1939-). In the late 1960s the underground press in combination with an avant-garde striving to articulate its rejection of established attitudes fostered a rebirth of little-magazine publishing. This produced hundreds of mostly short-lived reviews, including the New York Quarterly, Aphra, A Feminist Literary Magazine, the Little Magazine, and the American Review.

Any of various small, usually avant-garde periodicals devoted to serious literary writings. The name signifies most of all a usually noncommercial manner of editing, managing, and financing. They were published from circa 1880 through much of the 20th century and flourished in the U.S. and England, though French and German writers also benefited from them. Foremost among them were two U.S. periodicals, Poetry and the more erratic and often more sensational Little Review (1914–29); the English Egoist (1914–19) and Blast (1914–15); and the French transition (1927–38).

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The Little Magazine Movement is a literary movement of Literary magazines also known as Little magazines. It originated in the fifties and the sixties in many Indian languages like Tamil, Marathi, Hindi, Malayalam and Gujarati, as it did in the west, in the early part of the 19th century .

In Bengali literature, it started with Kallol, a modernist movement magazine, established in 1923. The most popular among the group were Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899 - 1976) and Mohitlal Majumder (1888-1952), Achintyakumar Sengupta (1903-1976), Satyendranath Dutta (1882-1922), Premendra Mitra (1904 - 1988) and others. Then Bengali poetry got into the brightest light of modernism in 1930s, through the movement of few other little magazines, such as Buddhadeb Bosu's Kabita and Sudhindranath Datta's Parichay.

The Little Magazine explosion in West Bengal took place after 1961 when the Hungry generation Movement took the cultural establishment by storm. In fact it changed not only the publication gamut but also the naming of a magazine.

The Sahitya Akademi (Indian Academy of Letters) also publishes two literary journals, namely Indian Literature (journal) in English and Samkalin Bhartiya Sahitya in Hindi A prime example of this continuing tradition is the The Little Magazine, published from New Delhi since May 2000 , Civil Lines and Yatra

There is a Little Magazine Library and Research Centre at Tamer Lane, Kolkata, India which collects Bengali little magazines published from anywhere in the world. .

Literary or little magazines in India

• Abhiyakti - Hindi literary magazine Online.
• Aanubhuti - Monthly Hindi poetry and literary magazine
• Bharat Darshan - Hindi literary magazine
• Crimson Feet Magazine - Bimonthly journal for writers and poets from the Indian sub-continent .
• Civil Lines - English literary magazine
• Darpan - Literary Magazine.
• Guruchandali - Bengali e-zine
• HindiElm - Quarterly Hindi literary magazine
• Haowa 49 - Quarterly Bengali Magazine of changing poetry and literary theories.
• Kahani - A South Asian literary magazine for children.
• Maadhukari - Online Bengali literary magazine
• Meghadutam - Online magazine on literature and poetry
• Parabaas - a Bengali literary e-zine
• Patrika - Online Bengali literary magazine
• Punjabielm - Quarterly Punjabi literary magazine
• Purwai - London based quarterly magazine on Indian languages
• Sambit - Oriya literary magazine
• The Brown Critique - Literary quarterly for Indian writings in English.
• The Little Magazine - English literary magazine
• Udgam - a literary Hindi magazine .
• UrduElm - Quarterly literary magazine
• Utsab - Bengali literary magazine
• Yugantar Punjab - online Punjabi literary magazine.
• Kledaja kusum - Quarterly Bengali poetry magazine.

References

External links

• A Brief Introduction to the contemporary Marathi poetry
• Globalization and New Marathi Poetry