Drumming (also called
bleating) is a sound produced by
snipe as part of their
courtship display flights. The sound is produced mechanically (rather than vocally) by the vibration of the modified outer
tail feathers, held out at a wide angle to the body, in the slipstream of a power dive. The display is usually
crepuscular, or given throughout moonlit nights. The behaviour is generally characteristic of the genera
Coenocorypha,
Gallinago and
Lymnocryptes. Some sounds made by the closely related
woodcocks (
Scolopax spp.) in the course of their 'roding' display flights may be
homologous to drumming.
The sound made by Gallinago snipes has been variously described as “drumming”, “bleating”, “throbbing”, a “rattle’’ and an “eerie fluting”. The drumming of the Jack Snipe (Limnocryptes minimus) has been likened to the sound made by a cantering or galloping horse. Miskelly records Coenocorypha snipes giving a non-vocal “roar” homologous to the drumming displays of Gallinago snipes. When breeding in northern Japan, Latham's Snipe (Gallinago hardwickii) are known as “thunder birds” for the drumming noise made in the course of their display flights.
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