liberation theology

Roman Catholic movement that originated in the late 20th century in Latin America and seeks to express religious faith by helping the poor and working for political and social change. It began in 1968, when bishops attending the Latin American Bishops' Conference in Medellín, Colom., affirmed the rights of the poor and asserted that industrialized nations were enriching themselves at the expense of the Third World. The movement's central text, A Theology of Liberation (1971), was written by the Peruvian priest Gustavo Gutiérrez (b. 1928). Liberation theologians have sometimes been criticized as purveyors of Marxism, and the Vatican has sought to curb their influence by appointing more conservative prelates.

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Civil-rights movement that advocates equal rights for gay men, lesbians, bisexuals, and transsexuals. Supporters of gay rights seek to eliminate sodomy laws barring homosexual acts between consenting adults and call for an end to discrimination against gay men and lesbians in employment, credit, lending, housing, marriage, adoption, public accommodations, and other areas of life. The first group to campaign publicly was founded in Berlin in 1897 by Magnus Hirschfeld (1868–1935) and had 25 local chapters in Europe by 1922; suppressed by the Nazis, it did not survive World War II. The first U.S. support group, the Mattachine Society, was founded in Los Angeles circa 1950; the Daughters of Bilitis, for lesbians, was founded in San Francisco in 1955. The Dutch Association for the Integration of Homosexuality COC, founded as the COC (Cultuur en Ontspannings Centrum [“Culture and Recreation Center”]) in 1946 and headquartered in Amsterdam, is a prominent European group and the oldest existing gay rights organization. Many date the expansion of the modern gay rights movement to the Stonewall rebellion in New York City in 1969, when a raid by police on a gay bar called the Stonewall Inn provoked a riot by bar patrons. “Stonewall” came to be commemorated annually by the observance of Gay and Lesbian Pride Week in cities around the world. The International Lesbian and Gay Association (founded 1978), headquartered in Brussels, lobbies for human rights and opposes discrimination against homosexuals. Although the movement is strongest in western Europe and North America, gay rights organizations exist in many countries throughout the world. Among the major issues pressed by gay rights advocates in the 1990s and into the 21st century were the passage of hate crime laws and the establishment of legal rights for homosexuals to marry, adopt children, and serve openly in the military.

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Umbrella political organization representing the Palestinian people in their drive for a Palestinian state. It was formed in 1964 to centralize the leadership of various groups. After the Six-Day War of 1967, the PLO promoted a distinctively Palestinian agenda. In 1969 Yāsir aynArafāt, leader of Fatah, the PLO's largest faction, became its chairman. From the late 1960s the PLO engaged in guerrilla attacks on Israel from bases in Jordan, from which it was expelled in 1971. PLO headquarters moved to Lebanon. In 1974 aynArafāt advocated limiting PLO activity to direct attacks against Israel, and the Arab community recognized the PLO as the sole legitimate representative of all Palestinians. It was admitted to the Arab League in 1976. In 1982 Israel invaded Lebanon and expelled PLO forces based there. In 1988 the PLO leadership, then based in Tunis, declared a Palestinian state and the following year elected aynArafāt its president. It also recognized Israel's right to exist, though several militant factions dissented. In 1993 Israel recognized the PLO by signing an agreement with it granting Palestinian self-rule in parts of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The PLO became an integral part of the Palestinian National Authority. Seealso Palestine; Lebanese civil war; Hsubdotamās; intifādsubdotah.

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• A euphemism meaning a military invasion.
• Liberty, the condition in which an individual has the ability to act according to his or her own will.

Movements

• Animal liberation
• Gay Liberation
• Men's liberation
• Women's liberation
• Youth liberation

Religion

• Moksha
• Nirvana Buddhism
• Enlightenment, the acquisition of new wisdom or understanding enabling clarity of perception
• Liberation theology, a school of theology within the Catholic Church
• Moksa Jainism

Publications

• Libération, a French newspaper
• Libération (Morocco), a Moroccan francophone newspaper
• Oslobođenje, a Bosnian newspaper
• An American pacifist magazine founded by A.J. Muste

Music

Albums

• Liberation (1349 album)
• Liberation (Bunny Wailer album)
• Liberation (The Divine Comedy album)
• Liberation (Mýa album)
• Liberation (Talib Kweli and Madlib album)

Songs

• A song by Mike Oldfield on his album The Millennium Bell
• A song by Outkast featuring Cee-Lo on their album Aquemini
• A song by the Pet Shop Boys on their album Very
• Liberate (song), by Disturbed
• Liberate (Slipknot song), a song by American nu metal band Slipknot
• Between You, Me & Liberation by Common on his fifth studio album Electric Circus

Record labels

• Liberation Records, an American record label
• Liberation Music, an Australian record label

Liberation-means that when an ammount of inequality is too little or not enough to express power.

Computer and software related

• Liberation fonts, collective name of three TrueType font families: Liberation Sans, Liberation Serif and Liberation Mono.
• Liberation: Captive 2, a computer game for the Amiga CD32
• Killzone: Liberation, the PlayStation Portable sequel to the PlayStation 2 game Killzone

People

• Kelly L., A self-proclaimed liberation expert, who doesn't follow the traditional norms of society.

See also

• Revolution (disambiguation)
• Emancipation
• Libration