kzylorda

International E-road network

The international E-road network is a numbering system for roads in Europe developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The network is numbered from E1 up and its roads cross national borders. It also reaches Central Asian countries like Kyrgyzstan, since they are members of the UNECE.

In most countries, roads carry the European route designation beside national road numbers. Other countries like Belgium and Sweden have roads with exclusive European route signage. E-roads in the United Kingdom are not signposted at all, and are not recognised by the UK authorities, while the Republic of Ireland has started to place E-route numbers on recent road schemes (2007).

Other continents have similar international road networks: e.g. the Pan-American Highway in the Americas, the Trans-African Highway Network, and the Asian Highway Network.

Numbering system

The route numbering system, defined by UNECE since 1975, went through a major change in 1992 and is now as follows:

Reference roads and intermediate roads, called Class-A roads, have two-digit numbers. Branch, link and connecting roads, called Class-B roads, have three-digit numbers.
In general:

North-south reference roads have two-digit numbers terminating in the figure 5 and increasing from west to east.
East-west reference roads have two-digit numbers terminating in the figure 0 and increasing from north to south.
Intermediate roads have two-digit odd (north-south) or two-digit even (west-east) numbers between the numbers of the reference roads between which they are located.
Class-B roads have three-digit numbers, the first digit being that of the nearest reference road to the north, the second digit being that of the nearest reference road to the west, and the third digit being a serial number.

North-south Class-A roads located eastwards of road E99 have three-digit odd numbers from 101 to 129. Other rules mentioned in paragraph 2 above apply to these roads.
Class-B roads located eastwards of E101 have 3-digit numbers beginning with 0, from 001 to 099.

Exceptions

In the first established and approved version, the road numbers were well ordered. Since then a number of exceptions to this principle have been allowed.

Two Class-A roads, namely E47 and E55, have been allowed to retain their pre-1992 numbers, E6 and E4 respectively, within Sweden and Norway. These exceptions were granted because the excessive expense connected with re-signing not only the long routes themselves, but also the associated road network in the area, since Sweden and Norway have integrated the E-roads into their national networks and they are signposted as any other national route. These roads maintain their new numbers from Denmark and southward, though, as are other European routes within Scandinavia.

Further exceptions are E67, going from Estonia to Poland (wrong side of E75 and E77), assigned around year 2000, simply because it was best available number for this new route, most of E63 in Finland (wrong side of E75) E8 in Finland (partly on the wrong side of E12 after a lengthening around 2002) and E82 (Spain and Portugal, wrong side of E80). These irregularities exist just because it is hard to maintain good order when extending the network, and the UNECE does not want to change road numbers unnecessarily.

Notes to the listings

In the road listings below, a hyphen ('–') indicates a land road connection between two towns/cities—the normal case—while an ellipsis (three dots, '…') denotes a stretch across water. There are not ferry connections at all these places. Usually the international ferry connections are operated by commercial companies without support or contracts with any government to operate them. This means existing lines can be cancelled.

Class A roads

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Class B roads

E134 – Haugesund – Røldal – Haukeli – Seljord – Kongsberg – Drammen
E136 – Ålesund – Tresfjord – Åndalsnes – Dombås
E201 – Cork – Portlaoise
E231 – Amsterdam – Amersfoort
E232 – Amersfoort – Hoogeveen – Groningen
E233 – Hoogeveen – Haselünne – Cloppenburg
E234 – Cuxhaven – Bremerhaven – Bremen – Walsrode
E251 – Sassnitz – Stralsund – Neubrandenburg – Berlin
E261 – Świecie – Poznań – Wrocław
E262 – Kaunas – Ukmerge – Daugavpils – Rezekne – Ostrov
E263 – Tallinn – Tartu – Võru – Luhamaa
E264 – Jõhvi – Tartu – Valga - Valka - Valmiera - Incukalns
E271 – Minsk – Babruysk - Homel (formerly began Klaipėda – Kaunas – Vilnius)
E272 – Klaipėda – Palanga – Šiauliai – Panevėžys – Ukmerge – Vilnius
E311 – Breda – Gorinchem – Utrecht
E312 – Vlissingen – Breda – Eindhoven
E313 – Antwerp – Liège
E314 – Leuven – Hasselt – Heerlen – Aachen
E331 – Dortmund – Kassel
E371 – Radom – Rzeszów – Barwinek – Vyšný Komárnik – Svidnik – Prešov
E372 – Warsaw – Lublin – Lviv
E373 – Lublin – Kovel – Rivne – Kiev
E381 – cancelled
E391 – Trosna – Glukhkov
E401 – Saint-Brieuc – Caen
E402 – Calais – Rouen – Le Mans
E403 – Zeebrugge – Bruges – Roeselare – Kortrijk – Tournai
E404 – Jabbeke – Zeebrugge
E411 – Brussels – Metz
E420 – Nivelles – Charleroi – Reims
E421 – Aachen – Sankt-Vith – Luxembourg
E422 – Trier – Saarbrücken
E429 – Tournai – Halle
E441 – Chemnitz – Plauen – Hof (E51)
E442 – Karlovy Vary – Teplice – Turnov – Hradec Králové – Olomouc – Žilina
E451 – Gießen – Frankfurt am Main – Mannheim
E461 – Svitavy – Brno – Vienna
E462 – Brno – Olomouc – Český Těšín - Katowice – Kraków
E471 – Mukacheve – Lviv
E501 – Le Mans – Angers
E502 – Le Mans – Tours
E511 – Courtenay – Troyes
E512 – Remiremont – Mulhouse
E531 – Offenburg – Donaueschingen
E532 – Memmingen – Füssen
E533 – Munich – Garmisch-Partenkirchen – Mittenwald – Seefeld in Tirol – Innsbruck
E551 – České Budějovice – Humpolec
E552 – Munich – Braunau am Inn – Wels – Linz
E571 – Bratislava – Zvolen – Košice
E572 – Trencin – Žiar nad Hronom
E573 – Püspökladány – Nyíregyháza – Chop – Uzhhorod
E574 – Bacău – Braşov – Piteşti – Craiova
E575 – Bratislava – Dunajská Streda – Medved'ov – Vámosszabadi – Győr
E576 – Cluj-Napoca – Dej (formerly continued Bistriţa – Suceava)
E577 - Ploieşti - Buzău
E578 – Sărăţel – Reghin – Topliţa – Gheorgheni – Miercurea Ciuc – Sfântu Gheorghe – Chichiş
E581 – Tişiţa – Tecuci – Albiţa – Leuşeni – Chişinău – Odessa
E583 – Săbăoani – Iaşi – Bălţi – Mohyliv-Podilskyi – Vinnytsia – Zhitomir
E584 – Poltava – Kirovohrad – Chişinău – Giurgiuleşti – Galaţi – Slobozia
E592 – Krasnodar – Djoubga
E601 – Niort – La Rochelle
E602 – La Rochelle – Saintes
E603 – Saintes – Angoulême – Limoges (formerly to Sculeni)
E604 – Tours – Vierzon
E606 – Angoulême – Bordeaux
E607 – Digoin – Chalon-sur-Saône
E611 – Lyon – Pont-d'Ain
E612 – Ivrea – Turin
E641 – Wörgl – Sankt Johann in Tirol – Lofer – Salzburg
E651 – Altenmarkt im Pongau – Liezen
E652 – Klagenfurt – Loibl Pass – Naklo
E653 – Letenye - Torniyiszentmiklós
E661 – Balatonkeresztúr – Nagyatád – Barcs – Virovitica – Okučani – Banja Luka – Jajce – Donji Vakuf – Zenica
E662 – Subotica – Sombor – Osijek
E671 – Timişoara – Arad – Oradea – Satu Mare
E673 – Lugoj – Ilia
E675 – Agigea – Negru Vodă – Kardam
E691 – Ashtarak - Gumri – Ashotsk - Vale – Turkgözü - Posof - Kars - Horasan
E692 – Batumi – Samtredia
E711 – Lyon – Grenoble
E712 – Geneva – Chambéry – Marseille
E713 – Valence – Grenoble
E714 – Orange – Marseille
E717 – Turin – Savona
E751 – Rijeka – Pula – Koper
E761 – Bihać – Jajce – Donji Vakuf – Zenica – Sarajevo – Užice – Čačak – Kraljevo – Kruševac – Pojate – Paraćin – Zaječar
E762 – Sarajevo – Podgorica → Albania
E763 – Belgrade – Čačak – Nova Varos – Bijelo Polje
E771 – Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Niš
E772 – Jablanica – Veliko Tarnovo – Shumen
E773 – Popovica – Stara Zagora – Burgas
E801 – Coimbra – Viseu – Vila Real – Chaves – Verín
E802 – Bragança – Guarda – Castelo Branco – Portalegre – Évora – Beja – Ourique
E803 – Salamanca – Mérida – Sevilla
E804 – Bilbao – Logroño – Zaragoza
E805 – Famalicão – Chaves
E806 – Torres Novas – Abrantes – Castelo Branco – Guarda
E821 – Rome – San Cesareo
E840 – Sassari – Olbia … Civitavecchia – ends at E80
E841 – Avellino – Salerno
E842 – Naples – Avellino – Benevento – Canosa di Puglia
E843 – Bari – Taranto
E844 – Spezzano Albanese – Sibari
E846 – Cosenza – Crotone
E847 – Sicignano degli Alburni – Potenza – Metaponto
E848 – Sant'Eufemia Lamezia – Catanzaro
E851 – Petrovac → Albania → Prizren – Priština
E852 – Ohrid → Albania
E853 – Ioánnina → Albania
E871 – Sofia – Kjustendil – Kumanovo
E881 – Izmit - Bursa - Balikesir - Manisa - Izmir - Cesme
E901 – Madrid – Valencia
E902 – Jaén – Granada – Málaga
E902 formerly Nicosia – Paphos
E903 (no longer exists) – Girne (Kyrenia) – Nicosia – Limassol
E931 – Mazara del Vallo – Gela
E932 – Buonfornello – Enna – Catania
E933 – Alcamo – Trapani
E951 – Ioánnina – Árta – Agrinio – Mesolóngi
E952 – Aktio – Vónitsa – Amfilochia – Karpenisi – Lamia
E961 – Tripoli – Sparti – Githio
E962 – Elefsina – Thiva
E962 formerly Tripoli – Sparta – Gytheion

E001 – Tbilisi – Bagratashe – Vanatzor
E002 – Alyat - Saatli - Mehgri - Ordubad - Djulfa - Nakhchivan – Sadarak
E003 – Uchkuduk – Daşoguz – Ashgabat – Gaudan
E004 – Kzylorda – Uchkuduk – Buchara
E005 – Guza – Samarkand
E006 – Ayni – Kokand
E007 – Tashkent – Kokand – Andijan – Osh – Irkeshtam
E008 – Dushanbe - Kulab - Kalaikhumb - Khorog – Murghab - Kulma - border of China (see Pamir Highway)
E009 – Jirgatal – Khorog – Ishkashim – Lyanga – China
E010 – Osh – Bishkek
E011 – Kokpek - Kegen – Tyup
E012 – Almaty - Kokpek - Chundzha - Koktal - Khorgos
E013 – Sary-Ozek – Koktal
E014 – Usharal – Druzhba
E015 – Taskesken – Bakhty
E016 – Zapadnoe - Zhaksy - Atbasar – Astana
E017 – Yelabuga – Ufa
E018 – Zhezkazgan – Karagandy - Pavlodar - Uspenka
E019 – Petropavl – Zapadnoe

Signage

The European routes are signposted with the green number sign at right.

There are different strategies for determining how frequently to signpost the roads.

Sweden, Norway and Denmark have integrated the E-road numbers into their networks, meaning that the roads usually have no other national number.
In Belgium, E-numbers are associated with motorways: for those, only the E-number is signposted, while for non-motorways only the national number (if any) is shown. Serbia has a similar principle.
In most of the countries the E-roads form a network on top of the national network. The green signs are frequent enough to show how to follow the roads, but do not usually show how to reach them.
In some countries, like Croatia, E-roads are well signposted, but follow the old state routes instead of highways. State highways are much better signposted than E-roads, making them a much better choice.
In some countries, like Germany, E-roads are poorly signposted, making it difficult to follow them. Drivers have to use the national network.
In Ireland, they also are poorly signposted. In July 2007, the N11 bypass in Gorey, Republic of Ireland, opened with very small E01 markers added to route confirmation signs, this was the first road with E-road markers in Ireland. Since then a recent new section of the N8 opened with larger E201 markers. A resigning of the M1 Motorway took place in July 2008 - here too, E01 markers have been included. A new version of the Traffic Signs Manual 1996 may confirm this new policy but has yet to be published.
In a few countries, such as the United Kingdom or Uzbekistan, the E-roads are not signposted at all. In the UK, E-roads are not recognised, even by the official authorities, and it is quite possible to say from a legal point of view that there are no E-roads in the UK.

Standard

In the E-road convention (from 1975) there are standard requirements indicated. The roads have to be paved, at least wide, not have too sharp bends (suitable for at least 80 km/h, exceptionally 60 km/h), be priority roads, bypass cities and villages and other requirements. They shall have enough capacity to avoid congestion, and preferably have highway or expressway status.

In reality these requirements have not been followed stringently, when new E-roads have been added. For example the E45 in Sweden, added 2006, have long parts with width. The E10 in Norway have parts with width. In Central Asia some gravel roads have been included.

Notable E-roads

The longest E-road is E40, which is more than 8000 km (5000 miles) long, connecting France with Kazakhstan.
The shortest E-roads are E844, 22 km (13.75 miles), in Italy and E32, 30 km (18.75 miles), in the United Kingdom.
Northernmost is E69, North Cape, Norway, 71°10' N
Westernmost is E01, Lisbon, Portugal, 9°10' W
Southernmost is E75, Crete, Greece, 35°6' N
Easternmost is E127, Maikapshagai, Kazakhstan, 85°36' E
The highest E-road is E008 which reaches 4272 m (13562 ft) altitude in the Pamir Mountains in Tajikistan.
The highest E-road in Europe is E62 reaching 2005m (6365 ft) at the Simplon Pass, Switzerland.
The lowest E-road is E39 which reaches 262 m (832 ft) below sea level in the Bømlafjordtunnel, Norway.