Weapon consisting of an ax blade and a sharp spike mounted on the end of a long staff. Usually about 5–6 ft (1.5–2 m) long, it was an important weapon in middle Europe in the 15th and early 16th centuries. It enabled a foot soldier to contend with an armoured man on horseback; the spiked head kept the rider at a distance, and the ax blade could strike a heavy cleaving blow. Firearms and the declining use of armour made the halberd obsolete.

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A glaive is a polearm consisting of a single-edged blade on the end of a pole. It is similar to the Japanese naginata and the Chinese Guan Dao. However, instead of having a tang like a sword or naginata, the blade is affixed in a socket-shaft configuration similar to an axe head. Typically, the blade was around 45 cm (18 inches) long, on the end of a pole 2 m (6 or 7 feet) long. Occasionally glaive blades were created with a small hook on the reverse side to better catch riders. Such blades are called glaive-guisarmes.

According to the 1599 treatise Paradoxes of Defense by the English gentleman George Silver, the glaive is used in the same general manner as the quarterstaff, half pike, bill, halberd, voulge, or partisan. Silver rates this class of polearms above all other individual hand-to-hand combat weapons.

Other uses

• The word glaive originated in French. Almost all etymologists derive it from either the Latin (gladius) or Celtic (*cladivos, cf. claymore) word for sword. Nevertheless, all the earliest attestations in both French and English refer to spears. It is attested in this meaning in English roughly from the 14th century to the 16th.
• In the 15th century it acquired the meaning described above.
• Around the same time it also began being used as a poetic word for sword (this is the main use of the word in Modern French).
• Starting around the 1980's the word began to describe a fourth type of weapon: a whirling projectile blade similar in structure to a shuriken but much larger and cast and used like a chakram or hunga munga. This fictional weapon is usually portrayed as being able to return to its wielder, much like a boomerang. "Glaives" of this type have shown up in several films, such as Krull, Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem (as an upgraded version of the smart disc), Blade, and Batman Begins, and other aspects of fantasy fiction (as in video games such as Chrono Cross, Warcraft III, Dark Sector and various others).

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