According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.5 square miles (1.2 km²).0.5 square miles (1.2 km²) of it is land and none of it is covered by water.
There were 139 households out of which 46.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.1% were married couples living together, 38.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.6% were non-families. 19.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.40 and the average family size was 3.83.
In the town the population was spread out with 38.9% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 31.5% from 25 to 44, 12.7% from 45 to 64, and 7.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females there were 87.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 72.0 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $24,861, and the median income for a family was $25,341. Males had a median income of $22,500 versus $19,205 for females. The per capita income for the town was $8,631. About 31.8% of families and 33.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.3% of those under age 18 and 44.0% of those age 65 or over.
Freshwater clam harvesting in Beulah declined significantly during the 19th century as a direct result of the natural evolution of the Mississippi River itself. Most freshwater clam species tend to concentrate in the bends of the river. Since the 1800s, this part of the Mississippi has abandoned its bends to oxbow lakes and straightened its course.
Many families still participate in clam harvesting further along the length of the river, although pearl button production has not been a part of this industry for a number of years.