West, Dame Rebecca
(born Dec. 21, 1892, London, Eng.—died March 15, 1983, London) British journalist, novelist, and critic. Trained as an actress, from 1911 West contributed to the left-wing press and made a name as a fighter for woman suffrage. She had a 10-year love affair (1913–23) with the novelist H.G. Wells. Her novels, including The Judge (1922), The Thinking Reed (1936), and The Birds Fall Down (1966), attracted less attention than her social and cultural writings. Her admired reports on the Nürnberg trials were collected in A Train of Powder (1955). Her history of Yugoslavia, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon (1942), is regarded as one of the century's finest nonfiction works. In 1946 she reported on the trial for treason of William Joyce, articles that were later published as The Meaning of Treason (1949).
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Private university in Notre Dame, near South Bend, Indiana, U.S. It was founded in 1842 and reorganized in the 1920s; it became coeducational in 1972. It is affiliated with the Roman Catholic church. It has colleges of arts and letters, science, engineering, and business administration. It also has a graduate school and a law school.
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(born Oct. 24, 1882, Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, Eng.—died June 9, 1976, London) British actress. As a member of the Old Vic company in London (1914–18), she became a leading tragic actress. Noted for her versatility in modern and classic plays, she originated the h1 role in George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan (1924). She managed several London theatres, and she often costarred with her husband, the actor-director Lewis Casson, in her more than five decades in the theatre.
Learn more about Thorndike, Dame (Agnes) Sybil with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born March 6, 1944, Gisborne, North Island, N.Z.) New Zealand-born (half-Maori) soprano. After winning various singing competitions at home, she went to London for further study in 1966 and made her Covent Garden debut in 1970. Soon moving into leading roles, she became especially admired as the Countess in The Marriage of Figaro. In 1974 she made a triumphal debut at the Metropolitan Opera, substituting at the last moment in Giuseppe Verdi's Otello. A glamorous and regally imperturbable presence with a rich voice, she was chosen to sing at the 1981 wedding of Prince Charles, and she has made many recordings.
Learn more about Te Kanawa, Dame Kiri (Janette) with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Feb. 27, 1932, London, Eng.) U.S. film actress. She left London for Los Angeles with her American parents at the outset of World War II. Noted for her exceptional beauty from childhood, she was discovered by a talent scout in Beverly Hills. She made her screen debut in 1942, appeared in Lassie Come Home in 1943, and became a star with National Velvet in 1944. She was a glamorous adult star in A Place in the Sun (1951), Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958), and Butterfield 8 (1960, Academy Award). In Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf (1966, Academy Award) and other films, she starred opposite her husband, Richard Burton. After the mid-1970s, she appeared only intermittently in films, Broadway plays, and television films. Taylor's personal life (she was married eight times) was exceptionally well publicized and often tended to overshadow her acting career.
Learn more about Taylor, Dame Elizabeth (Rosemond) with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Nov. 7, 1926, Sydney, Austl.) Australian soprano. After debuting in Sydney in 1947, she moved to London. Having sung minor roles at Covent Garden from 1952, she established her status as one of the leading coloraturas of the 20th century in a 1959 performance of Lucia di Lammermoor. She made her Metropolitan Opera debut in 1961, and she became a favourite there and worldwide in bel canto roles until her retirement in 1991.
Learn more about Sutherland, Dame Joan with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Feb. 1, 1918, Edinburgh, Scot.—died April 13, 2006, Florence, Italy) British writer. She spent several years in Central Africa, returning to Britain during World War II. Until 1957 she published only poetry and criticism, including studies of Mary Shelley and the Brontë sisters. Her fiction uses satire and wit to present serious themes, often questions about good and evil. Memento Mori (1959) is her most widely praised novel; the best-known is The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1961; film, 1969). Her later novels, often more sinister in tone, include The Abbess of Crewe (1974), A Far Cry from Kensington (1988), and Reality and Dreams (1996).
Learn more about Spark, Dame Muriel with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Dec. 28, 1934, Ilford, Essex, Eng.) British actress. She first gained recognition on Broadway in New Faces of 1956, and, after winning praise for her roles in The Rehearsal (1961) and Mary, Mary (1963), she joined Britain's National Theatre Company, where she starred opposite Laurence Olivier in Othello (1964; film, 1965). Her later films include The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1969, Academy Award), Travels with My Aunt (1972), California Suite (1978, Academy Award), and The Lonely Passion of Judith Hearne (1987). Known for her nervous intensity, acid wit, and flawless timing, she has many great stage performances to her credit, notably in The Way of the World (1985) and Lettice and Lovage (1990, Tony Award).
Learn more about Smith, Dame Maggie with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Feb. 20, 1888, Warsaw, Pol., Russian Empire—died June 12, 1982, London, Eng.) Polish-born English ballet producer and director. She studied with the musician Émile Jaques-Dalcroze and taught his technique, eurythmics, to the Paris-based Ballets Russes, influencing Vaslav Nijinsky's avant-garde choreography. At the outbreak of World War I, she moved to London, where she studied ballet with Enrico Cecchetti (1850–1928); in 1920 she founded a ballet school that used his methods. In 1930 she helped found the Camargo Society and established the Ballet Club (later Ballet Rambert). As director of Ballet Rambert, she favoured experimentation, encouraging young choreographers such as Frederick Ashton and supporting new dancers and stage designers. Her troupe, renamed the Rambert Dance Company in 1987, has continued to perform.
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Notre-Dame de Paris.
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Private university in Notre Dame, near South Bend, Indiana, U.S. It was founded in 1842 and reorganized in the 1920s; it became coeducational in 1972. It is affiliated with the Roman Catholic church. It has colleges of arts and letters, science, engineering, and business administration. It also has a graduate school and a law school.
Learn more about Notre Dame, University of with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born July 15, 1919, Dublin, Ire.—died Feb. 8, 1999, Oxford, Oxfordshire, Eng.) British novelist and philosopher. A graduate of the University of Oxford, she worked as a university lecturer while pursuing her writing career. Her first published work was a study of Jean-Paul Sartre (1953). Her novels, including The Bell (1958), A Severed Head (1961), The Black Prince (1973), The Sea, the Sea (1978), and The Book and the Brotherhood (1987), typically have convoluted plots featuring philosophical and comic elements. Her nonfiction philosophical works include The Sovereignty of Good (1970) and Metaphysics as a Guide to Morals (1992). Her decline under Alzheimer disease was chronicled by her husband, the critic John Bayley, in Elegy for Iris (1999).
Learn more about Murdoch, Dame (Jean) Iris with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born May 19, 1861, Richmond, near Melbourne, Austl.—died Feb. 23, 1931, Sydney) Australian soprano. After study with Mathilde Marchesi (1821–1913) in Paris, she debuted in Brussels in Rigoletto (1887), and in the next six years she sang in all the major opera houses of the world. One of the most celebrated coloraturas in the years preceding World War I, she sang mostly at Covent Garden after 1902. Concentrating on a few Italian and French operas, she possessed abundant technique and vocal beauty. Two foods, Melba toast and peach Melba, were named for her.
Learn more about Melba, Dame Nellie with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Dec. 1, 1910, London, Eng.—died Dec. 2, 2004, Bath) British ballerina. She made her debut with Sergey Diaghilev's Ballets Russes in 1924 and became a leading ballerina noted for her ethereal lightness. At the Vic-Wells Ballet (1931–35; now the Royal Ballet) she became the first English dancer to dance the lead in Giselle. With her frequent partner Anton Dolin, she formed and directed several Markova-Dolin companies (1935–38) and the Festival Ballet (1950–52; now the English National Ballet). She continued to dance as a guest artist with many companies worldwide, admired for her interpretations of roles in Les Sylphides and Swan Lake, among others. She retired from the stage in 1963 and served as director of the Metropolitan Opera Ballet (1963–69).
Learn more about Markova, Dame Alicia with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Jan. 10, 1903, Wakefield, Eng.—died May 20, 1975, St. Ives) British sculptor. Her work, naturalistic at first, became abstract by the 1930s, when she produced severe geometrical pieces with straight edges. As Hepworth's sculpture matured during the late 1930s and '40s, she concentrated on the problem of the counterplay between mass and space. By the 1950s she was internationally famous, and she received many prestigious commissions, including Single Form (1963), a memorial to Dag Hammarskjold at the UN Building, New York City. She became, with Henry Moore, a leader of the modern movement in England and one of the most influential sculptors of the mid 20th century.
Learn more about Hepworth, Dame (Jocelyn) Barbara with a free trial on Britannica.com.
Margot Fonteyn in Ondine.
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Dame Edith Evans as Mrs. Ross in The Whisperers, 1967.
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(born Dec. 9, 1934, York, Yorkshire, Eng.) British actress. She made her stage debut in 1957 as Ophelia in Hamlet, and Shakespearean works became her specialty. She also performed in musical roles, starring in the London premiere of Cabaret in 1968. Among her many other notable credits were the 1981–84 TV series A Fine Romance and the films 84 Charing Cross Road (1986), Mrs. Brown (1997)—in which she starred as Queen Victoria—and Shakespeare in Love (1998, Academy Award).
Learn more about Dench, Dame Judi(th Olivia) with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Dec. 21, 1892, London, Eng.—died March 15, 1983, London) British journalist, novelist, and critic. Trained as an actress, from 1911 West contributed to the left-wing press and made a name as a fighter for woman suffrage. She had a 10-year love affair (1913–23) with the novelist H.G. Wells. Her novels, including The Judge (1922), The Thinking Reed (1936), and The Birds Fall Down (1966), attracted less attention than her social and cultural writings. Her admired reports on the Nürnberg trials were collected in A Train of Powder (1955). Her history of Yugoslavia, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon (1942), is regarded as one of the century's finest nonfiction works. In 1946 she reported on the trial for treason of William Joyce, articles that were later published as The Meaning of Treason (1949).
Learn more about West, Dame Rebecca with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born May 19, 1861, Richmond, near Melbourne, Austl.—died Feb. 23, 1931, Sydney) Australian soprano. After study with Mathilde Marchesi (1821–1913) in Paris, she debuted in Brussels in Rigoletto (1887), and in the next six years she sang in all the major opera houses of the world. One of the most celebrated coloraturas in the years preceding World War I, she sang mostly at Covent Garden after 1902. Concentrating on a few Italian and French operas, she possessed abundant technique and vocal beauty. Two foods, Melba toast and peach Melba, were named for her.
Learn more about Melba, Dame Nellie with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Feb. 1, 1918, Edinburgh, Scot.—died April 13, 2006, Florence, Italy) British writer. She spent several years in Central Africa, returning to Britain during World War II. Until 1957 she published only poetry and criticism, including studies of Mary Shelley and the Brontë sisters. Her fiction uses satire and wit to present serious themes, often questions about good and evil. Memento Mori (1959) is her most widely praised novel; the best-known is The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1961; film, 1969). Her later novels, often more sinister in tone, include The Abbess of Crewe (1974), A Far Cry from Kensington (1988), and Reality and Dreams (1996).
Learn more about Spark, Dame Muriel with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Feb. 20, 1888, Warsaw, Pol., Russian Empire—died June 12, 1982, London, Eng.) Polish-born English ballet producer and director. She studied with the musician Émile Jaques-Dalcroze and taught his technique, eurythmics, to the Paris-based Ballets Russes, influencing Vaslav Nijinsky's avant-garde choreography. At the outbreak of World War I, she moved to London, where she studied ballet with Enrico Cecchetti (1850–1928); in 1920 she founded a ballet school that used his methods. In 1930 she helped found the Camargo Society and established the Ballet Club (later Ballet Rambert). As director of Ballet Rambert, she favoured experimentation, encouraging young choreographers such as Frederick Ashton and supporting new dancers and stage designers. Her troupe, renamed the Rambert Dance Company in 1987, has continued to perform.
Learn more about Rambert, Dame Marie with a free trial on Britannica.com.
Margot Fonteyn in Ondine.
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(born Dec. 28, 1934, Ilford, Essex, Eng.) British actress. She first gained recognition on Broadway in New Faces of 1956, and, after winning praise for her roles in The Rehearsal (1961) and Mary, Mary (1963), she joined Britain's National Theatre Company, where she starred opposite Laurence Olivier in Othello (1964; film, 1965). Her later films include The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1969, Academy Award), Travels with My Aunt (1972), California Suite (1978, Academy Award), and The Lonely Passion of Judith Hearne (1987). Known for her nervous intensity, acid wit, and flawless timing, she has many great stage performances to her credit, notably in The Way of the World (1985) and Lettice and Lovage (1990, Tony Award).
Learn more about Smith, Dame Maggie with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born March 6, 1944, Gisborne, North Island, N.Z.) New Zealand-born (half-Maori) soprano. After winning various singing competitions at home, she went to London for further study in 1966 and made her Covent Garden debut in 1970. Soon moving into leading roles, she became especially admired as the Countess in The Marriage of Figaro. In 1974 she made a triumphal debut at the Metropolitan Opera, substituting at the last moment in Giuseppe Verdi's Otello. A glamorous and regally imperturbable presence with a rich voice, she was chosen to sing at the 1981 wedding of Prince Charles, and she has made many recordings.
Learn more about Te Kanawa, Dame Kiri (Janette) with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Dec. 9, 1934, York, Yorkshire, Eng.) British actress. She made her stage debut in 1957 as Ophelia in Hamlet, and Shakespearean works became her specialty. She also performed in musical roles, starring in the London premiere of Cabaret in 1968. Among her many other notable credits were the 1981–84 TV series A Fine Romance and the films 84 Charing Cross Road (1986), Mrs. Brown (1997)—in which she starred as Queen Victoria—and Shakespeare in Love (1998, Academy Award).
Learn more about Dench, Dame Judi(th Olivia) with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Feb. 10, 1898, Adelaide, S.Aus., Australia—died Jan. 3, 1992, Santa Barbara, Calif., U.S.) Australian-born U.S. actress. She made her stage debut in Sydney in 1915 and first appeared in New York City in 1918. She was noted for roles such as Lavinia in Mourning Becomes Electra (1932), Gertrude in Hamlet (1936), Lady Macbeth in Macbeth (1937, 1941), and the h1 role in Medea (1947). She appeared in over 25 films, usually playing an evil or sinister figure, including Mrs. Danvers in Rebecca (1940) and Ann Treadwell in Laura (1944).
Learn more about Anderson, Dame Judith with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Jan. 10, 1903, Wakefield, Eng.—died May 20, 1975, St. Ives) British sculptor. Her work, naturalistic at first, became abstract by the 1930s, when she produced severe geometrical pieces with straight edges. As Hepworth's sculpture matured during the late 1930s and '40s, she concentrated on the problem of the counterplay between mass and space. By the 1950s she was internationally famous, and she received many prestigious commissions, including Single Form (1963), a memorial to Dag Hammarskjold at the UN Building, New York City. She became, with Henry Moore, a leader of the modern movement in England and one of the most influential sculptors of the mid 20th century.
Learn more about Hepworth, Dame (Jocelyn) Barbara with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Nov. 7, 1926, Sydney, Austl.) Australian soprano. After debuting in Sydney in 1947, she moved to London. Having sung minor roles at Covent Garden from 1952, she established her status as one of the leading coloraturas of the 20th century in a 1959 performance of Lucia di Lammermoor. She made her Metropolitan Opera debut in 1961, and she became a favourite there and worldwide in bel canto roles until her retirement in 1991.
Learn more about Sutherland, Dame Joan with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born July 15, 1919, Dublin, Ire.—died Feb. 8, 1999, Oxford, Oxfordshire, Eng.) British novelist and philosopher. A graduate of the University of Oxford, she worked as a university lecturer while pursuing her writing career. Her first published work was a study of Jean-Paul Sartre (1953). Her novels, including The Bell (1958), A Severed Head (1961), The Black Prince (1973), The Sea, the Sea (1978), and The Book and the Brotherhood (1987), typically have convoluted plots featuring philosophical and comic elements. Her nonfiction philosophical works include The Sovereignty of Good (1970) and Metaphysics as a Guide to Morals (1992). Her decline under Alzheimer disease was chronicled by her husband, the critic John Bayley, in Elegy for Iris (1999).
Learn more about Murdoch, Dame (Jean) Iris with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born June 5, 1884, Pinner, Middlesex, Eng.—died Aug. 27, 1969, London) British novelist. She graduated from the University of London and published her first novel, Dolores, in 1911. Her second, Pastors and Masters (1925), introduced the style—employing clipped, precise dialogue to reveal her characters and advance the plot—that made her name. Her novels often dealt with struggles for power: Men and Wives (1931) featured a tyrannical mother, A House and Its Head (1935) a tyrannical father. She was created Dame of the British Empire in 1967.
Learn more about Compton-Burnett, Dame Ivy with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Feb. 27, 1932, London, Eng.) U.S. film actress. She left London for Los Angeles with her American parents at the outset of World War II. Noted for her exceptional beauty from childhood, she was discovered by a talent scout in Beverly Hills. She made her screen debut in 1942, appeared in Lassie Come Home in 1943, and became a star with National Velvet in 1944. She was a glamorous adult star in A Place in the Sun (1951), Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958), and Butterfield 8 (1960, Academy Award). In Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf (1966, Academy Award) and other films, she starred opposite her husband, Richard Burton. After the mid-1970s, she appeared only intermittently in films, Broadway plays, and television films. Taylor's personal life (she was married eight times) was exceptionally well publicized and often tended to overshadow her acting career.
Learn more about Taylor, Dame Elizabeth (Rosemond) with a free trial on Britannica.com.
Dame Edith Evans as Mrs. Ross in The Whisperers, 1967.
Learn more about Evans, Dame Edith (Mary) with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Dec. 1, 1910, London, Eng.—died Dec. 2, 2004, Bath) British ballerina. She made her debut with Sergey Diaghilev's Ballets Russes in 1924 and became a leading ballerina noted for her ethereal lightness. At the Vic-Wells Ballet (1931–35; now the Royal Ballet) she became the first English dancer to dance the lead in Giselle. With her frequent partner Anton Dolin, she formed and directed several Markova-Dolin companies (1935–38) and the Festival Ballet (1950–52; now the English National Ballet). She continued to dance as a guest artist with many companies worldwide, admired for her interpretations of roles in Les Sylphides and Swan Lake, among others. She retired from the stage in 1963 and served as director of the Metropolitan Opera Ballet (1963–69).
Learn more about Markova, Dame Alicia with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Oct. 24, 1882, Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, Eng.—died June 9, 1976, London) British actress. As a member of the Old Vic company in London (1914–18), she became a leading tragic actress. Noted for her versatility in modern and classic plays, she originated the h1 role in George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan (1924). She managed several London theatres, and she often costarred with her husband, the actor-director Lewis Casson, in her more than five decades in the theatre.
Learn more about Thorndike, Dame (Agnes) Sybil with a free trial on Britannica.com.
Agatha Christie, 1946.
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Agatha Christie, 1946.
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(born June 5, 1884, Pinner, Middlesex, Eng.—died Aug. 27, 1969, London) British novelist. She graduated from the University of London and published her first novel, Dolores, in 1911. Her second, Pastors and Masters (1925), introduced the style—employing clipped, precise dialogue to reveal her characters and advance the plot—that made her name. Her novels often dealt with struggles for power: Men and Wives (1931) featured a tyrannical mother, A House and Its Head (1935) a tyrannical father. She was created Dame of the British Empire in 1967.
Learn more about Compton-Burnett, Dame Ivy with a free trial on Britannica.com.
(born Feb. 10, 1898, Adelaide, S.Aus., Australia—died Jan. 3, 1992, Santa Barbara, Calif., U.S.) Australian-born U.S. actress. She made her stage debut in Sydney in 1915 and first appeared in New York City in 1918. She was noted for roles such as Lavinia in Mourning Becomes Electra (1932), Gertrude in Hamlet (1936), Lady Macbeth in Macbeth (1937, 1941), and the h1 role in Medea (1947). She appeared in over 25 films, usually playing an evil or sinister figure, including Mrs. Danvers in Rebecca (1940) and Ann Treadwell in Laura (1944).
Learn more about Anderson, Dame Judith with a free trial on Britannica.com.
This district, which is known as NDG to locals, is one of five districts of the borough of Côte-des-Neiges—Notre-Dame-de-Grâce. The district of NDG is bounded on the east by the border with Westmount, the south by the Falaise Saint-Jacques, the west by Kensington Avenue and the north by Cote-Saint-Luc Road, although many local definitions of NDG include the district of Loyola as well, extending west to the border with Montreal West.
The eastern part of N.D.G., clustered around the Notre-Dame-de-Grâce parish church, has always been a traditionally francophone neighbourhood. It was bisected by the Decarie Expressway in the 1960s. The central and western parts were, and for the most part still are, traditionally home to middle-class and working-class anglophones with a significant lower-class population (though it has been on the decline in recent years). The majority of residents in this district speak English in their homes with only 32% speaking French. There is also a sizeable Afro-Canadian and immigrant community mostly around the parts of the district north of Fielding Avenue.
Many of the houses are quite old, having been built upwards of 70 years ago. The neighbourhood is known for its tree-lined streets, brick houses, and closely cropped duplexes. There are also many apartment buildings, with many of the district's public housing units located on the historically crime-ridden Walkley Avenue. Benny Farm was also a huge public housing project in central NDG built for Second World War veterans and single-parent families, but was demolished and replaced with condominiums after 2002.
Nevertheless, times are changing as property prices throughout the other parts of the district have grown and it is becoming an increasingly popular place to live for middle-class English-speaking Montrealers.
The major commercial streets are Monkland Avenue and Sherbrooke Street West. Monkland Village comprises a cluster of businesses on the eastern part of Monkland Avenue that was revitalized in the 1990s. Villa Maria metro station is located here, as well as Vendôme Metro Station near the borough's southeastern end. Also, city buses leaving Snowdon Metro provide access to the northern and western parts of the district.
See also
References
External links
- Walkley Avenue's Bad Reputation
- Walkley Man Becomes Popular Musician
- Police Raids in Little Burgundy and NDG
- "Wild,Wild West" Montreal
- Benny Farm Condemned Housing Projects and Pictures
- Restaurants in NDG
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Last updated on Monday September 01, 2008 at 11:18:39 PDT (GMT -0700)
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