Rawlinson, Sir Henry Creswicke, 1810-95, English Orientalist and administrator; brother of George Rawlinson. In the course of his service with the Persian army and as consul at Baghdad, Rawlinson became interested in deciphering the cuneiform of the Behistun Inscriptions of Darius I. The results of his investigation were published in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (1846). He also helped prepare The Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia (5 vol., 1861-84) for the British Museum.