Peixoto

Peixoto, Floriano, 1842-95, Brazilian marshal and statesman, president of Brazil (1891-94). He took part in the establishment of the republic and was chosen vice president under Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca. When the president resigned in the face of a revolution, Peixoto succeeded to the presidency (Nov., 1891). He ruled dictatorially amid widespread dissension, putting down a naval revolt in 1893 and maintaining himself in power until the election of 1894, when he was defeated. In spite of his unpopularity, the "Iron Marshal" by his firmness consolidated the new republican government.

Devised by Maurício Peixoto, the theorem states that for dynamical systems on compact 2D manifolds, the structurally stable systems have the following properties:

• Finite number of hyperbolic equilibrium points.
• Finite number of attracting or repelling periodic orbits.
• No saddle-to-saddle connections.
• The set of non-wandering points consists only of periodic orbits and fixed points.