Orléans, Louis, duc d', 1372-1407, brother of King Charles VI of France, whose chief counselor he was from 1388 to 1392. After 1392, when Charles VI suffered his first attack of insanity, Louis became involved in a long struggle for control with his uncle, Philip the Bold of Burgundy, and with Philip's successor, John the Fearless. Unpopular because of his extravagance, he was treacherously murdered by John's order in 1407. His death precipitated the civil war between Armagnacs and Burgundians.