Bayonne, city (1990 pop. 61,444), Hudson co., NE N.J., on a 3-mi (4.8-km) peninsula; inc. 1869. It has textile, machinery, and oil and chemical industries. Its huge oil refineries have operated since 1875. The large Military Ocean Terminal (opened 1942) on the city's waterfront closed in 1999; part of the peninsula it occupied is now a cruise ship terminal. Dutch traders came to this site c.1650; the British gained possession in 1664. Bayonne is connected to Staten Island, N.Y., by the noted steel-arch Bayonne Bridge (1,675 ft/511 m long; opened 1931).