Clement

Greenberg, Clement, 1909-94, American art critic, b. New York City. Greenberg's criticism was primarily concerned with art produced after abstract expressionism. This art, now known as color-field painting, he termed post-painterly abstraction, reflecting Heinrich Wölfflin's theory that painterly and linear styles alternate through the ages. In his essay collection Art and Culture (1961), Greenberg argued that the essence of modern art, especially painting, lies in its purely visual content. Greenberg's philosophy of art was outlined in a series of lectures posthumously published as Homemade Esthetics (1999).

Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814, American Revolutionary soldier, b. Philadelphia. Early in the war, he helped organize the "Quaker Blues," a company of volunteers. He later served as deputy quartermaster general of the Pennsylvania and New Jersey militia, commissary general of forage under Nathanael Greene in the Carolina campaign, and quartermaster general of the Pennsylvania militia. After the war he was (1787-93) U.S. marshal in Pennsylvania, but he gained more note as an importing merchant of Philadelphia.

Clement, in Philippians, one of Paul's coworkers. He is traditionally identified with St. Clement of Rome, the likely author of a letter written from there to the Corinthian church in c.A.D. 96.

Wood, Clement, 1888-1950, American writer, b. Tuscaloosa, Ala., grad. Univ. of Alabama, 1909, LL.B. Yale, 1911. Among his many works are books on the craft of poetry; biographies, including a critical one of Amy Lowell (1926); novels; and a rhyming dictionary (1943). His most famous poem is the title piece of his collected poems, The Glory Road (1936).

(born July 29, 1820, Lisbon, Ohio, U.S.—died June 17, 1871, Lebanon, Ohio) U.S. politician. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1857–63), where he became a leader of the antiwar Copperheads and the secret Knights of the Golden Circle (later Sons of Liberty). As a result of his vociferous criticism of Pres. Abraham Lincoln's administration and its pursuit of the American Civil War, he was arrested and found guilty of treasonable sentiments (1863) and was sentenced to exile in the South. He soon made his way to Canada and later illegally to Ohio. While in Canada he was nominated for governor by the Ohio Peace Democrats, but he was easily defeated. He later criticized the Reconstruction policy of the Republicans as both unconstitutional and tyrannical.

Learn more about Vallandigham, Clement L(aird) with a free trial on Britannica.com.

(born July 15, 1779, New York, N.Y., U.S.—died July 10, 1863, Newport, R.I.) U.S. scholar remembered for the ballad that begins “'Twas the night before Christmas.” Moore cofounded General Theological Seminary and taught Oriental and Greek literature there (1821–50). He is said to have composed “A Visit to St. Nicholas” to amuse his children on Christmas 1822, and it was published anonymously in the Troy (N.Y.) Sentinel, on Dec. 23, 1823. In 2000 it was determined that the poem was probably the work of Henry Livingston, Jr. (1748–1828).

Learn more about Moore, Clement Clarke with a free trial on Britannica.com.

orig. Giulio de' Medici

(born May 26, 1478, Florence—died Sept. 25, 1534, Rome) Pope (1523–34). The illegitimate son of Giuliano de' Medici (see Medici family), he was raised by his uncle Lorenzo de' Medici. In 1513 he was made archbishop of Florence and cardinal by his cousin Pope Leo X. He commissioned art from Raphael and Michelangelo. A weak and vacillating political figure mainly interested in advancing Medici interests, Clement allied with France in 1527, which led to Emperor Charles V's sack of Rome. Clement's indecisiveness complicated Henry VIII's request for an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, which contributed to Henry's decision to break with the church in Rome. His poor leadership also allowed the Reformation to develop further.

Learn more about Clement VII with a free trial on Britannica.com.

orig. Pierre Roger

(born circa 1291, Corèzze, Aquitaine—died Dec. 6, 1352, Avignon, Provence) Pope (1342–52). Archbishop of Sens and Rouen, he was made cardinal in 1338 and was consecrated pope at Avignon four years later (see Avignon papacy). He launched a Crusade against Smyrna in 1344, ending the piracy of the Ottoman Turks. He also restored papal authority in the Romagna region, which was disputed by families of the Italian nobility. In exchange for his protection, Joan I of Naples sold him Avignon. Clement opposed the Franciscan ascetics known as the Spirituals, enlarged the papal palace, and fostered art and scholarship.

Learn more about Clement VI with a free trial on Britannica.com.

orig. Bertrand de Got

(born circa 1260, Bordelais region, France—died April 20, 1314, Roquemaure, Provence) Pope (1305–14), the first to reside at Avignon, France. He became archbishop of Bordeaux in 1299 and was elected pope six years later. By creating a majority of French cardinals, he ensured the election of a line of French popes. He moved the seat of the papacy to Avignon, under pressure from King Philip IV of France, who also forced Clement to annul Pope Boniface VIII's decisions that were unfavourable to France. The king also compeled the pope to dissolve the Templars, which Philip brutally suppressed. Clement opposed Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII after 1313 and appointed the king of Naples as imperial vicar on Henry's death. His decretals, the Clementinae, were a notable contribution to canon law.

Learn more about Clement V with a free trial on Britannica.com.

(born July 29, 1820, Lisbon, Ohio, U.S.—died June 17, 1871, Lebanon, Ohio) U.S. politician. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1857–63), where he became a leader of the antiwar Copperheads and the secret Knights of the Golden Circle (later Sons of Liberty). As a result of his vociferous criticism of Pres. Abraham Lincoln's administration and its pursuit of the American Civil War, he was arrested and found guilty of treasonable sentiments (1863) and was sentenced to exile in the South. He soon made his way to Canada and later illegally to Ohio. While in Canada he was nominated for governor by the Ohio Peace Democrats, but he was easily defeated. He later criticized the Reconstruction policy of the Republicans as both unconstitutional and tyrannical.

Learn more about Vallandigham, Clement L(aird) with a free trial on Britannica.com.

(born July 15, 1779, New York, N.Y., U.S.—died July 10, 1863, Newport, R.I.) U.S. scholar remembered for the ballad that begins “'Twas the night before Christmas.” Moore cofounded General Theological Seminary and taught Oriental and Greek literature there (1821–50). He is said to have composed “A Visit to St. Nicholas” to amuse his children on Christmas 1822, and it was published anonymously in the Troy (N.Y.) Sentinel, on Dec. 23, 1823. In 2000 it was determined that the poem was probably the work of Henry Livingston, Jr. (1748–1828).

Learn more about Moore, Clement Clarke with a free trial on Britannica.com.

Clement or Clément may be:

People

Given name

• Pope Clement I (died c. 98 CE), titled "Saint" & patron of mariners and stonecutters
• Pope Clement (any of at least 14 real Popes and two antiPopes)
• Saint Clement of Metz (4th century), first bishop of Metz
• Clement of Alexandria (died c. 217), titled "St."
• Clement of Dunblane (died 1258), bishop of Dunblane
• Clement of Ireland (born c. 750), titled "St.", active in the Paris Schools
• Clement of Ohrid (died 916), titled "St."
• Clement Richard Attlee (1883-1967), Prime Minister of UK (1945-1951)
• Clement Clarke Moore (1779-1863, American poet and author of A Visit from St. Nicholas
• Clement Greenberg (1909-1994), American art critic
• Clement, bishop of Zaragoza in ca. 326.
• Clement Freud (born 1924), politician, writer, comedian and grandson of Sigmund Freud
• Clement was the nom de guerre of Eugène Chavant in the French resistance during World War II
• Clément Rodier (1829-1904), French missionary in Algeria & fruit breeder for whom the clementine was named

Surname

• Aeron Clement
• Albéric Clément
• Alberto Vallarino Clement
• Anthony Clement
• Anthony Clement of Saxony
• Arnaud Clément
• Aurore Clément
• Bill Clement
• Bob Clement
• Coralie Clément
• Dick Clement
• Edith Brown Clement
• Edmond Clément 1867-1928) French tenor
• Frank G. Clement, Tennessee governor
• Georges Clément, French athlete in 1900 Olympics
• Gregory Clement
• Hal Clement (born 1922), American writer
• Henri II Clément (died 1265), French noble
• Jack Clement
• Jacques Clément (1567-1589), assassin of king
• James Clement
• Jean III Clément (died 1262), French noble
• Jean-Baptiste Clément (1836-1903), French activist
• Jemaine Clement
• Jeff Clement
• Joseph Clement
• Kerron Clement
• Lillian Exum Clement, North Carolina politician
• Martin W. Clement (1881-1966), American railroad business manager
• Matt Clement
• Neil Clement
• Nicolas Clément (1779-1841), French chemist
• Pascal Clément (fl. 2000s), French jurist & politician
• Paul Clement
• Philippe Clement
• René Clément, film director
• Rod Clement
• Skipper Clement
• Stef Clement, Dutch cyclist
• Stephen Emmett Clement
• Tony Clement
• William T. Clement
• Wolfgang Clement

• Dom François Clément
• Gilles Clément
• Jean-Pierre Clément

Places

• Clement Township, Michigan
• Clément, French Guiana, a town
• Saint Clement, Jersey
• St Clement, Cornwall
• St. Kliment Ohridski Base in Antarctica
• St. Clement's Island in Maryland
• St. Clement Catholic Church (Ottawa)

Other

Christian scripture in "Apocrypha":

• Epistles of Clement
• St. Clements cake or St. Clement's cake

See also

• Clemens Maria Hofbauer (1751-1830), titled "St."
• Clements (disambiguation)
• San Clemente (disambiguation)